Spirochaeta

Spirochaeta is a genus of bacteria classified within the phylum Spirochaetes.[1][2]

Spirochaeta
A microscopic photograph of fluorescent-stained Spirochaeta americana
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Bacteria
Phylum:	Spirochaetes
Class:	Spirochaetes
Order:	Spirochaetales
Family:	Spirochaetaceae
Genus:	Spirochaeta Ehrenberg 1835 emend. Pikuta et al. 2009 non Turczaninow 1851
Synonyms
"Ehrenbergia" Gieszczykiewiez 1939 non Martius 1827 non Sprengel 1820

Phylogeny

The phylogeny is based on 16S rRNA-based LTP release 123 by 'The All-Species Living Tree' Project.[3]

Spirochaetales

Exilispira thermophila           S. cellobiosiphila       S. litoralis       S. perfilievii       S. psychrophila     S. isovalerica             S. aurantia   ?S. a. aurantia     ?S. a. stricta     Borreliaceae   Cristispira pectinis       S.Borrelia           Spirochaetaceae Spirochaeta       S. bajacaliforniensis     S. smaragdinae         S. thermophila   Sphaerochaeta   Sphaerochaeta multiformis       Sphaerochaeta coccoides       Sphaerochaeta globosa (type sp.)     Sphaerochaeta pleomorpha                   S. halophila       S. americana       S. alkalica     S. sphaeroplastigenens             Salinispira pacifica       S. africana       S. asiatica     S. dissipatitropha               Treponema

Taxonomy

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN)[4] and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).[5]

• Spirochaeta africana Zhilina et al. 1996
• Spirochaeta alkalica Zhilina et al. 1996
• Spirochaeta americana Hoover et al. 2003
• Spirochaeta asiatica Zhilina et al. 1996
• Spirochaeta aurantia (ex Vinzent 1926) Canale-Parola 1980
  • ?S. a. aurantia (ex Vinzent 1926) Canale-Parola 1980 emend. Canale-Parola 1984 ["Spirochaeta aurantia var. aurantia" Breznak & Canale-Parola 1980]
  • ?S. a. stricta Canale-Parola 1984
• Spirochaeta bajacaliforniensis Fracek and Stolz 2004
• Spirochaeta cellobiosiphila Breznak and Warnecke 2008
• Spirochaeta dissipatitropha Pikuta et al. 2009
• Spirochaeta halophila Greenberg and Canale-Parola 1977
• Spirochaeta isovalerica Harwood and Canale-Parola 1983
• Spirochaeta litoralis (ex Hespell and Canale-Parola 1970) Canale-Parola 1980
• Spirochaeta perfilievii Dubinina et al. 2011
• Spirochaeta plicatilis ♦ Ehrenberg 1835 (type sp.)
• Spirochaeta psychrophila Miyazaki et al. 2014
• Spirochaeta smaragdinae Magot et al. 1998
• Spirochaeta sphaeroplastigenens Vishnuvardhan Reddy et al. 2013
• Spirochaeta taiwanensis ♠ Chi-Yu & Cai-Ji 2004
• Spirochaeta thermophila Aksenova et al. 1992
• Spirochaeta xylanolyticus ♠ Yeh & Huang 2004

Notes:
♦ Type strain lost or not available
♠ Strains found at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) but not listed in the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LSPN)

References

1. See the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature. Data extracted from J.P. Euzéby. "Spirochaetes". Archived from the original on 2013-01-27. Retrieved 2011-11-17.
2. See the NCBI webpage on Spirochaetes Data extracted from Sayers; et al. "NCBI Taxonomy Browser". National Center for Biotechnology Information. Retrieved 2011-06-05.
3. 'The All-Species Living Tree' Project."16S rRNA-based LTP release 123 (full tree)" (PDF). Silva Comprehensive Ribosomal RNA Database. Retrieved 2013-03-20.
4. J.P. Euzéby. "Spirochaetes". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). Retrieved 2016-03-20.
5. Sayers; et al. "Spirochaetes". National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database. Retrieved 2016-03-20.