Spinoloricus cinziae

Spinoloricus cinziae is an animal species described in 2014 in the phylum Loricifera.[1]

Spinoloricus cinziae
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Loricifera
Family:
Nanaloricidae
Genus:
Spinoloricus
Species:
S. cinziae
Binomial name
Spinoloricus cinziae
Neves, Gambi, Danovaro & Kristensen, 2014

It is the first animal species described that does not require oxygen at any point during its life.[2][3][4] The species, along with two other newly discovered species, Rugiloricus nov. sp. and Pliciloricus nov. sp., were found in the sediment of the anoxic L'Atalante basin of the Mediterranean Sea.[3][4]

Electron microscope images[4] show that the species' cellular innards appear to be adapted for a zero-oxygen life. Their mitochondria appear to act as hydrogenosomes, organelles which provide energy in some anaerobic single-celled creatures.[5]

With a visual resemblance to tiny cups with tentacles sticking out, the species has been said to look like something out of a Dr. Seuss book.[5]

At adulthood, this species is characterized by a mouth cone with eight oral ridges, a neck with eight single trichoscalids alternating with seven double trichoscalids, as well as lorical plates with spikes located at the corners.[6] More than 30 species in this group have been described.[6]

See also

References
  1. Neves, Gambi, Danovaro & Kristensen (2014) Spinoloricus cinziae (Phylum Loricifera), a new species from a hypersaline anoxic deep basin in the Mediterranean Sea. Systematics and Biodiversity, vol. 12, 4, p. 489-502 doi:10.1080/14772000.2014.943820.
  2. Jackson P. (8 April 2010). http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8609246.stm "First oxygen-free animals found". BBC News. accessed 16 April 2010.
  3. New species 'live without oxygen', The Telegraph, April 9, 2010
  4. Roberto Danovaro; et al. (2010). "The first metazoa living in permanently anoxic conditions". BMC Biology. 8 (30): 30. doi:10.1186/1741-7007-8-30. PMC 2907586. PMID 20370908.
  5. Multicelled Animals May Live Oxygen-Free, U.S. News & World Report, April 12, 2010
  6. Neves, Ricardo Cardoso; Gambi, Cristina; Danovaro, Roberto; Kristensen, Reinhardt Møbjerg (2014-10-02). "Spinoloricus cinziae (Phylum Loricifera), a new species from a hypersaline anoxic deep basin in the Mediterranean Sea". Systematics and Biodiversity. 12 (4): 489–502. doi:10.1080/14772000.2014.943820. ISSN 1477-2000.


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