Somatic recombination

Somatic recombination, as opposed to the genetic recombination that occurs in meiosis, is an alteration of the DNA of a somatic cell that is inherited by its daughter cells. The term is usually reserved for large-scale alterations of DNA such as chromosomal translocations and deletions and not applied to point mutations. Somatic recombination occurs physiologically in the assembly of the B cell receptor and T-cell receptor genes (V(D)J recombination),[1] as well as in the class switching of immunoglobulins.[2] Somatic recombination is also important in the process of carcinogenesis.[3]

In neurons of the human brain, somatic recombination occurs in the gene that encodes the amyloid precursor protein APP.[4] Neurons from individuals with sporadic Alzheimer's disease show greater APP gene diversity due to somatic recombination than neurons from healthy individuals.[4]


References
  1. Gellert M (1992). "Molecular analysis of V(D)J recombination". Annu Rev Genet. 26: 425–46. doi:10.1146/annurev.ge.26.120192.002233. PMID 1482120.
  2. Hein K, Lorenz MG, Siebenkotten G, et al. (1998). "Processing of switch transcripts is required for targeting of antibody class switch recombination". J Exp Med. 188 (12): 2369–74. doi:10.1084/jem.188.12.2369. PMC 2212419. PMID 9858523.
  3. Ramel C, Cederberg H, Magnusson J, et al. (1996). "Somatic recombination, gene amplification and cancer". Mutat Res. 353 (1–2): 85–107. doi:10.1016/0027-5107(95)00243-x. PMID 8692194.
  4. Lee MH, Siddoway B, Kaeser GE, Segota I, Rivera R, Romanow WJ, Liu CS, Park C, Kennedy G, Long T, Chun J (November 2018). "Somatic APP gene recombination in Alzheimer's disease and normal neurons". Nature. 563 (7733): 639–645. Bibcode:2018Natur.563..639L. doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0718-6. PMC 6391999. PMID 30464338.


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