Sir John Esmonde, 10th Baronet

Sir John Esmonde, 10th Baronet (16 May 1826 – 9 December 1876)[2] was an Irish nationalist politician. He sat in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom from 1852 until his death 25 years later.

Sir John Esmonde, 10th Baronet.

Ballynastragh House, County Wexford, home of the Esmonde family- from a drawing published 1826,[1]

Early life and family

Esmonde was the son of Royal Navy officer James Esmonde and his wife Anna Maria, née Murphy.[3] He was educated at Clongowes Wood College and at Trinity College, Dublin, where he graduated in 1850 with an honours degree in classics.[4]

He was called to the bar of Ireland in the same year.[3]

In 1861 he married Louisa Grattan, the fourth daughter of Henry Grattan MP, and granddaughter of 18th-century parliamentary leader Henry Grattan.[3][4] They had four sons and two daughters,[4] Thomas, Laurence, Walter, John, Ellice, and Annette.[5]

In 1868, he inherited the baronetcy and estates of his uncle Thomas.[6]

Career

He was elected at the 1852 general election as one of the two members of parliament (MPs) for County Waterford.[7][8] Both Esmonde and his fellow Waterford MP Nicholas Mahon Power were elected as candidates of the Irish Liberal Party, which had been in alliance with nationalists. Power was accused of acting selfishly and parsimoniously" to Esmonde,[9] who was described at the time as hoisting "free trade and liberal colours".[10] Esmonde's election was the subject of a petition by the defeated Conservative candidate Richard Hely-Hutchinson, who alleged personation and intimidation.[11] The names of people who were not entitled to vote were struck off the return, but Esmonde's election was upheld.[12]

The alliance of nationalists and liberals faltered after the election, and Esmonde was one of 40 Irish Liberals who transferred their support to the new Independent Irish Party. The new party foundered, and Esmonde was re-elected as a Liberal at the next 4 general elections.[8]

Sir John Esmonde, 10th Baronet
Crest	Out of a mural crown Gules a head in profile wearing a helmet all Proper.
Motto	Malo Mori Quam Foedari (Had Rather Die Than Be Dishonoured) [13]

In January 1866, Esmonde was appointed as High Sheriff of Wexford.[14] On 2 June, he was appointed by as a Junior Lord of the Treasury in the Liberal Government of Earl Russell.[15] As an office of profit under the Crown, the Parliamentary rules of the time required him to seek re-election, and on 9 June he was returned[16] unopposed.[8] However, his time in office was short, because Russell's government fell before the end of June, to be replaced by a Conservative government.

In 1869, he was appointed as a deputy lieutenant of County Wexford, succeeding his uncle Thomas.[17] Described by The Times newspaper of London as a "zealous and attached member of the Roman Catholic communion",[4] Esmonde was listed in 1869 as one of 50 Catholic baronets, and 38 Catholic MPs.[18] He was one of the speakers at a rally in Dublin in November 1870 to protest at the loss of the temporal power of the Pope.[19]

At the 1874 general election, he was returned again for Waterford,[20] this time as a candidate of the newly reconstituted Home Rule Party.[8] He died in office two years later, aged 50. Esmonde had also been a justice of the peace for counties Waterford, Wexford, and Wicklow, a captain in the Wexford militia, and a member of the Royal Irish Academy.[3]

His parliamentary seat was won at the resulting by-election by the Home Rule candidate James Delahunty, and he was succeeded in the baronetcy by his son Thomas.[21]

See also

• Esmonde baronets

References

1. by George Petrie from Brewer, Vol. 2: where it is stated that it was published by Sherwood 1 May 1826 and engraved by James Sargant Storer and Henry Sargant Storer
2. Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "W" (part 1)
3. Robert Henry Mair, ed. (1872). Debrett's House of Commons and The Judicial Bench 1886. London: Dean and Son. p. 84. Retrieved 24 May 2014.
4. "Death of a Member of Parliament.-A vacancy". The Times. London: The Times Digital Archive. 12 December 1876. p. 6. Retrieved 24 May 2014.
5. Devine, Ruth (2009). "Pilkington, Ellice)". In McGuire, James; Quinn, James (eds.). Dictionary of Irish Biography. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
6. "The Late Right Hon. Sir Thomas Esmonde". The Times (26324). London: The Times Digital Archive. 2 January 1869. p. 9. Retrieved 24 May 2014.
7. "No. 21354". The London Gazette. 31 August 1852. p. 2363.
8. Walker, Brian M., ed. (1978). Parliamentary Election Results in Ireland 1801–1922. A New History of Ireland. Dublin: Royal Irish Academy. p. 318. ISBN 0901714127. ISSN 0332-0286.
9. "Ireland". The Times. London: The Times Digital Archive. 20 July 1852. p. 4. Retrieved 24 May 2014.
10. "Election Intelligence". The Times. London: The Times Digital Archive. 18 June 1852. p. 8. Retrieved 24 May 2014.
11. "Ireland". The Times. London: The Times Digital Archive. 11 October 1852. p. 7. Retrieved 24 May 2014.
12. "House of Commons, Friday, March 4". The Times (21368). London: The Times Digital Archive. 5 March 1853. p. 2. Retrieved 24 May 2014.
13. Debrett's Peerage. 1878.
14. "No. 7609". The Edinburgh Gazette. 23 January 1866. pp. 89–90.
15. "No. 23123". The London Gazette. 5 June 1866. p. 3311.
16. "No. 23126". The London Gazette. 12 June 1866. p. 3431.
17. "No. 7925". The Edinburgh Gazette. 2 February 1869. p. 134.
18. "Roman Catholic Statistics". The Times (26341). London: The Times Digital Archive. 22 January 1869. p. 5. Retrieved 24 May 2014.
19. "Ireland". The Times. London: The Times Digital Archive. 5 November 1870. p. 6. Retrieved 24 May 2014.
20. "No. 24067". The London Gazette. 20 February 1874. p. 766.
21. Robert Henry Mair, ed. (1886). Debrett's House of Commons and The Judicial Bench 1886. London: Dean and Son. p. 48. Retrieved 24 May 2014.

External links

• Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by Sir John Esmonde
• Portraits of Sir John Esmonde at the National Portrait Gallery, London
• Portraits of Louisa, Lady Esmonde (née Grattan) at the National Portrait Gallery, London