Secret Service code name

The United States Secret Service uses code names for U.S. presidents, first ladies, and other prominent persons and locations.[1] The use of such names was originally for security purposes and dates to a time when sensitive electronic communications were not routinely encrypted; today, the names simply serve for purposes of brevity, clarity, and tradition.[2][3] The Secret Service does not choose these names, however. The White House Communications Agency maintains a list that candidates choose from, often choosing ones that resonate with them personally.[4][5]

President John F. Kennedy, codename "Lancer" with First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy, codename "Lace"

According to an established protocol, good codewords are unambiguous words that can be easily pronounced and readily understood by those who transmit and receive voice messages by radio or telephone regardless of their native language. Traditionally, all family members' code names start with the same letter.[4]

The codenames change over time for security purposes, but are often publicly known. For security, codenames are generally picked from a list of such 'good' words, but avoiding the use of common words which could likely be intended to mean their normal definitions.

Presidents and their families

• Woodrow Wilson
  • Edith Wilson – Grandma[6]
• Franklin D. Roosevelt
  • Eleanor Roosevelt – Rover[7]
• Harry S. Truman – General[5] or Supervise[8][9]
  • Bess Truman – Sunnyside[8][9][10]
• Dwight Eisenhower – Scorecard[1] or Providence[8][9][11]
  • Mamie Eisenhower – Springtime[8][9][10][11][12]
  • David Eisenhower – Sahara[12]
• John F. Kennedy – Lancer[8][9][11][13]
  • Jacqueline Kennedy – Lace[8][9][11][14]
  • Caroline Kennedy – Lyric[11]
  • John F. Kennedy, Jr. – Lark[15]
  • Rose Kennedy – Coppertone[8]
  • Ethel Kennedy – Sundance[8]
• Lyndon Johnson – Volunteer[8][9][11]
  • Lady Bird Johnson – Victoria[8][9][11][16]
  • Lynda Bird Johnson – Velvet[11][17]
  • Luci Baines Johnson – Venus[8][11]
• Richard Nixon – Searchlight[8][9][11][12][13]
  • Pat Nixon – Starlight[8][11]
  • Patricia Nixon Cox – Sugarfoot[12][18]
  • Edward F. Cox – Seminole[12]
  • Julie Nixon Eisenhower – Sunbonnet[12][18]
• Gerald Ford – Passkey[8][9] or Pass Key[11]
  • Betty Ford – Pinafore[8][11][19]
  • Susan Ford – Panda[8][11][20]
  • Michael Ford – Professor[11]
  • Jack Ford – Packman[11]
• Jimmy Carter – Lock Master[8] or Deacon[9][10][11][13]
  • Rosalynn Carter – Lotus Petal[8] or Dancer[9][10][11]
  • Amy Carter – Dynamo[10][11][21]
  • Chip Carter – Diamond[8]
  • Jack Carter – Derby[8]
  • Jeff Carter – Deckhand[8]
• Ronald Reagan – Rawhide[8][9][11][13][22]
  • Nancy Reagan – Rainbow[8][9][11]
  • Maureen Reagan – Rhyme,[8] Rosebud[8][23]
  • Michael Reagan – Riddler[8][23]
  • Patti Davis – Ribbon[8][11]
  • Ron Reagan – Reliant[8][11]
  • Doria Reagan – Radiant[8][11]
• George H. W. Bush – Timberwolf[8][9][11]
  • Barbara Bush – Snowbank[8][24] or Tranquility[9][11]
  • Marvin Bush – Tuner[8]
  • Neil Bush – Trapline[8]
  • Jeb Bush – Tripper[8]
  • Dorothy Bush – Tiller[8]
• Bill Clinton – Eagle[9][11]
  • Hillary Clinton – Evergreen[9][11]
  • Chelsea Clinton – Energy[11]
• George W. Bush – Tumbler,[8][9][25] later Trailblazer[9][11][22]
  • Laura Bush – Tempo[8][11][22]
  • Barbara Bush – Turquoise[8][9][26]
  • Jenna Bush – Twinkle[8][9]
• Barack Obama – Renegade[8][13][22][27]
  • Michelle Obama – Renaissance[8][22][28]
  • Malia Obama – Radiance[9][22][29]
  • Sasha Obama – Rosebud[9][22][29]
  • Marian Shields Robinson – Raindance[30]
• Donald Trump – Mogul[31][32]
  • Melania Trump – Muse[32]
  • Donald Trump Jr. – Mountaineer[33]
  • Ivanka Trump – Marvel[34]
  • Eric Trump – Marksman[33]
  • Jared Kushner - Mechanic[35]
• Joe Biden – Celtic[8][9][36]
  • Jill Biden – Capri[8][9][2]

Vice presidents and their families

• Spiro Agnew – Pathfinder[12]
  • Judy Agnew – Photograph[12]
• Nelson Rockefeller – Sandstorm[37]
  • Happy Rockefeller – Shooting Star or Stardust[37]
• Walter Mondale – Cavalier[8][10] or Dragon
  • Joan Mondale – Cameo[8][10]
  • Ted Mondale – Centurion[8]
  • Eleanor Mondale – Calico[8]
  • William Mondale – Chessman
• Dan Quayle – Scorecard[8] or Supervisor[8]
  • Marilyn Quayle – Sunshine[8]

From left to right: President Bill Clinton, codename "Eagle"; Chelsea Clinton, codename "Energy"; Senator Hillary Clinton, codename "Evergreen"; Vice President Al Gore, codename "Sundance".

• Al Gore – Sundance[9][27] or Sawhorse[8]
  • Tipper Gore – Skylark[8][38]
  • Karenna Gore – Smurfette[8][13][22][39]
  • Kristin Gore – Silhouette[8]
  • Sarah Gore – Screwdriver[8]
  • Albert Gore III – Shortstop[8]
• Dick Cheney – Angler[8][9][13]
  • Lynne Cheney – Author[8][40]
  • Elizabeth Cheney – Apollo[41]
  • Mary Cheney – Alpine[8][9]
• Mike Pence – Hoosier[32]
  • Karen Pence – Hummingbird[32]
• Kamala Harris – Pioneer
  • Doug Emhoff – TBA

Political candidates and their spouses

U.S. Secret Service codenames are often given to high-profile political candidates (such as presidential and vice presidential candidates), and their respective families and spouses who are assigned U.S. Secret Service protection. These codenames often differ from those held if they are elected or those from prior periods if they held positions needing codenames.

1968

• Eugene McCarthy – Instructor[8]

1972

• George McGovern – Redwood[42]

1976

• Jimmy Carter – Dasher or Deacon[43]
• Bob Dole – Ramrod[8][44][45]
  • Elizabeth Dole – Rainbow[44][45]
• Morris Udall – Dashboard[46]

1980

• John B. Anderson – Miracle,[8] Starburst[8] or Stardust[8]
  • Keke Anderson – Scarlet[8][47]
• George H. W. Bush – Sheepskin (During 1980 Campaign) [48]
• Phil Crane – Swordfish[8]
• Ted Kennedy – Sunburn[8][13]

1984

• Geraldine Ferraro – Duster[49]
  • John Zaccaro – N/A (Declined Secret Service Protection)[50]
• John Glenn – Iron[51]
• Jesse Jackson – Thunder[8][44][49][51][52]
• Walter Mondale – Dragon[49][51]

1988

• Lloyd Bentsen – Parthenon[53]
• Michael Dukakis – Peso[8]
  • Kitty Dukakis – Panda[53]
• Jesse Jackson – Pontiac[52]
• Gary Hart – Redwood[8]
• Paul Simon – Scarlett[54]

1996

• Bob Dole – Patriot[55]
  • Elizabeth Dole – Pioneer
• Jack Kemp – Champion[53]
  • Joanne Kemp – Cornerstone[56]

2000

• Joe Lieberman – Laser[53][57]
  • Hadassah Lieberman – Liberty[58]

2004

• John Kerry – Minuteman[27][59]
  • Teresa Heinz Kerry – Mahogany[59]
• John Edwards – Speedway[53]

2008

• John McCain – Phoenix[8][9][60]
  • Cindy McCain – Parasol[8][9][13][60]
  • Meghan McCain – Peter Sellers (Peter)[61]
  • John Sidney McCain IV – Popeye[61]
  • Bridget McCain – Pebbles[61]
• Sarah Palin – Denali[9][62]
  • Todd Palin – Driller[9][62]

2012

• Mitt Romney – Javelin[13][63]
  • Ann Romney – Jockey[64]
• Rick Santorum – Petrus[13][63]
• Newt Gingrich – T-Rex[65]
• Paul Ryan – Bowhunter[13][66]
  • Janna Ryan – Buttercup[13][66]

2016

• Ben Carson – Eli[31]
• Tim Kaine – Daredevil[53]
  • Anne Holton - Dogwood[67]
• Bernie Sanders – Intrepid[68]

2020

• Joe Biden – Celtic[8][9][36]
• Bernie Sanders – Intrepid[68]
• Donald Trump – Mogul
• Kamala Harris – Pioneer[4]

Government officials

• Kennedy Administration
  • Cabinet
    • Dean Rusk – Freedom[69]
  • Staff
    • Rear Adm. George Burkley (Physician to the president) – Market[69][70]
    • General Chester Clifton – Watchman[8][69]
    • Andrew Hatcher – Winner[8]
    • Malcolm Kilduff – Warrior[8][69]
    • Evelyn Lincoln – Willow[69]
    • Godfrey McHugh – Wing[69]
    • Kenneth O'Donnell – Wand[69]
    • Captain Tazewell Shepard (Naval Aide) – Witness[69]
• Lyndon Johnson Administration
  • Staff
    • Walter Jenkins – Vigilant[69]
    • Pierre Salinger – Wayside[8][69][71]
• Nixon Administration
  • Cabinet
    • Henry Kissinger – Woodcutter[8][12][72]
      • Nancy Kissinger – Woodlark[73]
  • Staff
    • Ollie Atkins (White House photographer) – Hawkeye[12]
    • James Baker – Fencing Master or Foxtail[8]
    • Dwight Chapin – Watchdog[12]
    • Kenneth Reese Cole Jr. – Spectator[12]
    • John Ehrlichman – Wisdom[8][12]
    • Tim Elbourne (White House aide) – Snapshot[12]
    • Alexander Haig – Claw Hammer[8]
    • H. R. Haldeman – Welcome[8][12]
    • Lawrence Higby – Semaphore[12]
    • James D. Hughes – Red Barron[12]
    • Herbert G. Klein – Witness[12]
    • William Lukash (Physician to the president) – Sawhorse[10][12]
    • Clark MacGregor – Whipcrack[12]
    • William Timmons – Windowpane[12]
    • Walter Tkach (Physician to the president) – Signature[12]
    • Ronald H. Walker – Roadrunner[12]
    • Rose Mary Woods – Strawberry[8][12]
    • Ron Ziegler – Whale Boat[8][12]
    • Ken W. Clawson – Thunderstorm[74]
• Ford Administration
  • Staff
    • Ron Nessen – Clam Chowder[8]
    • Dick Cheney – Backseat[75]
• Carter Administration
  • Cabinet
    • Cyrus Vance – Fade Away[10]
    • Harold Brown – Finley[10]
  • Staff
    • Zbigniew Brzeziński – Hawkeye[8][10]
    • Bert Lance – Dumbo[76]
• Reagan Administration
  • William French Smith – Flivver[8]
  • Terrel Bell – Foxcraft[8]
• George W. Bush Administration
  • Scott McClellan – Matrix (generic name for White House press secretary)[77]
  • Andy Card – Potomac,[9] later Patriot [8][9][78]
  • Josh Bolten – Fatboy[8][9][78]
  • Elaine Chao – Firebird[8][9]
• Obama Administration
  • Rahm Emanuel – Black Hawk[79]
  • Tim Geithner – Fencing Master (generic codename for Secretary of the Treasury)[80]
• Trump Administration
  • Kellyanne Conway – Blueberry[81]

Congressional officials

• Strom Thurmond – Footprint[8]
• Howard Baker – Snapshot[8][82]
• Thomas P. O'Neill – Flag Day[10]

Other individuals

Queen Elizabeth II, codename "Kittyhawk".

• Israel
  • Menachem Begin – Cedar[8]
    • Hasia Begin Milo – Crystal[8]
• Commonwealth Realms
  • Queen Elizabeth II – Kittyhawk,[8][37] Redfern[83]
    • Prince Charles – Principal[8] or Unicorn[8][37]
• United States
  • Bebe Rebozo – Christopher[8]
  • Lucy Mercer Rutherfurd – Mrs. Johnson[84]
  • Frank Sinatra – Napoleon[8][85]
• Vatican
  • Pope John Paul II – Halo[8][22]

Locations, objects, and places

U.S. Secret Service codenames are not only given to people; they are often given to places, locations and even objects, such as aircraft like Air Force One, and vehicles such as the Presidential State Car.

• Joint Base Andrews – Acrobat or Andy[86]
• The Presidential Motorcade – Bamboo[86]
• The Harry S Truman Building (Department of State headquarters) – Birds-eye[86]
• Camp David – Cactus[86] or Buckeye
• The Vice President's office – Cobweb[86]
• The Vice President's staff – Pacemaker[86]
• The Waldorf-Astoria Hotel, New York City – Roadhouse[86]
• Air Force One – Angel or Cowpuncher[86]
• The U.S. Presidential State Car – Stagecoach[37]
  • Follow-up car – Halfback[37]
• The White House – Castle (Crown referring to the Executive Mansion, the central representative and office spaces of the White House)[87]
• The Capitol – Punch bowl[88]
• The White House Situation Room – Cement Mixer[88]
• Eisenhower Executive Office Building (part of the White House Complex) – Central[89]
• Reagan National Airport – Curbside [88]
• The temporary residence of the President – Charcoal or Base [89]
• The Pentagon – Calico[89]
• White House garage – Carpet[89]
• J. Edgar Hoover Building (FBI Headquarters) – Cork[89]
• Lyndon Baines Johnson's ranch – Volcano[89]

In fiction

In popular culture, the practice of assigning codenames is often used to provide additional verisimilitude in fictional works about the executive branch, or high-ranking governmental figures.

• 1600 Penn
  • First Son Standrich "Skip" Gilchrist Jr. – Meatball[90]
• The American President
  • Andrew Shepherd – Liberty[91]
• Chasing Liberty
  • First Daughter Anna Foster – Liberty[92]
• First Daughter
  • Samantha Mackenzie – Lucky Charm[93]
• First Kid
  • President Paul Davenport – Eagle[94]
  • Luke Davenport – Prince[94]
• In the Line of Fire
  • The President – Traveler[95]
• Jericho
  • President Jon Tomarchio – Condor[96]
• The Sentinel
  • President John Ballentine – Classic[97]
  • First Lady Sara Ballentine – Cincinnati[97]
• Tom Clancy's novels
  • Unnamed President in Clear and Present Danger – Wrangler[98]
  • President Jack Ryan in Debt of Honor and Executive Orders – Swordsman[99]
    • Dr. Caroline "Cathy" Ryan in Executive Orders – Surgeon[100]
    • Olivia "Sally" Ryan in Executive Orders – Shadow[100]
    • Jack Ryan, Jr in Executive Orders – Shortstop[100]
    • Katie Ryan in Executive Orders – Sandbox[100]
    • Kyle Daniel Ryan in The Bear and the Dragon – Sprite[101]
  • George Winston (Secretary of the Treasury) in Executive Orders – Trader[102]
  • Arnold Van Damm (White House Chief of Staff) in Executive Orders and The Bear and the Dragon – Carpenter[101]
  • Callie Weston (Chief Speechwriter) in Executive Orders and The Bear and the Dragon – Calliope[101]
  • Scott Adler (Secretary of State) in Executive Orders and The Bear and the Dragon – Eagle[103]
  • Benjamin Goodley (National Security Advisor) in Executive Orders – Cardsharp[104]
• The West Wing
  • President Jed Bartlet – Eagle[105] or Liberty[106]
  • Zoey Bartlet – Bookbag[107]
  • C. J. Cregg – Flamingo[108]
  • Sam Seaborn – Princeton[108]
  • Gus Westin (grandson of Jed Bartlet) – Tonka[109]
  • Arnold Vinick – Big Sur[110]
• The Prodigal Daughter
  • President Florentyna Kane – Baroness[111]
• Designated Survivor
  • President Tom Kirkman – Phoenix

See also

• CIA cryptonym
• 00 Agent#Origin of nomenclature
• List of nicknames of United States Presidents

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