Schwab and England ADL scale

The Schwab and England ADL (Activities of Daily Living) scale is a method of assessing the capabilities of people suffering from impaired mobility. Originally presented at a Parkinson's disease conference, the scale assesses the difficulties patients have completing daily activities or chores. The scale uses percentages to represent how much effort and dependence on others patients need complete daily chores. The rating may be given by a professional or by the person being tested.

Schwab and England ADL scale
Purposeassessing the capabilities of people suffering from impaired mobility

The scale was first presented in 1968 at Third Symposium on Parkinson's Disease, Royal College of Surgeons in Edinburgh, by co-authors R.S. Schwab and A.C. England.[1]

The scale
Percentage of independence[2] Description[2] Awareness of difficulties[2]
100%;

Completely independent

 Able to do all chores without slowness, difficulty or impairment. Unaware
90%;

Completely independent

 Able to do all chores, but with some degree of slowness, difficulty and/or impairment. One might take two times longer than normal to complete chores. Somewhat aware
80%;

Usually completely independent

 Takes two times longer than normal to complete chores. Aware
70%;

Mostly independent

 Faces more difficulty with some chores. One spends a large part of the day with chores and might take three to four times longer than normal. Aware
60%;

Somewhat independent

 Can do most chores, but exceedingly slowly and with much effort. Errors are possible during the chores. Aware
50%;

Mostly dependent

 Needs help with half of every chore. Everything is difficult to one. Aware
40%;

Very dependent

 Can assist with chores, and can complete some alone. Aware
30%;

Very dependent

 With help, can start chores. One can also complete few chores with effort and help. Aware
20%;

Very dependent

 Can slightly help with chores, but cannot complete any alone. Aware
10%;

Fully dependent

 Is helpless and somewhat comatose. Aware
0%;

Fully dependent

 Is bedridden and helpless. One is almost completely comatose. Aware

See also

References
  1. Schwab, R.S.; England, A.C. (1968-05-20). Projection techniques for evaluating surgery in Parkinson's Disease. Third Symposium on Parkinson's Disease, Royal College of Surgeons in Edinburgh. E. & S. Livingstone Ltd. (1969).
  2. "SCHWAB AND ENGLAND ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING SCALE". www.parkinsons.va.gov. Retrieved 2019-05-16.
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