Sandscale Haws

Sandscale Haws is a national nature reserve on the Duddon Estuary, Cumbria, England. It is managed by the National Trust. Resident species include the natterjack toad.

IUCN category IV (habitat/species management area)
Sand dunes at Sandscale Haws
Area282 ha

Industrial history

Sandscale brick and tile works appears on the 1850 Ordnance Survey map.

The Sandscale Mining Company was formed in 1877 by members of the Millom & Askham Company. The lease was signed by the then landowner Thomas Woodburne.[1] Thomas Woodburne also built Sandscale cottages in 1882, which were rented to the mine captains.

Sandscale No1 pit. A large sandstone winding engine bed can be seen behind the trees. A brick winding engine bed is to the left and the cooling pond behind.

The mines were taken over by Kennedy Brothers in 1893 and worked until 1905 but the pumps were kept running at Sandscale No2 to assist at Roanhead. The steam pumping engine was replaced by an electric pump in 1928. The headgear was removed and the shaft covered in 1937.[2]

Myles Burton Kennedy trained the local yeomanry here, the range can be seen on the 1905 OS map. During the war, the dunes were used as a decoy site and several brick structures remain from this period.

In 1954 the estate was bought by British Cellophane who built the present farmhouse and demolished the old one. Shortly before BCL Barrow was closed, the present nature reserve was sold to the National Trust by Courtaulds.

Ecology

The reserve's sand dunes support a population of natterjack toads (Bufo calamita).[3] The species, which is nationally rare in Britain, is adapted to breed in ephemeral waterbodies. Another amphibian present is the great crested newt (Triturus cristatus).[4]

Protection

Sandscale Haws was formerly a separate Site of Special Scientific Interest, but in 1990 it was amalgamated with other SSSIs to form the Duddon Estuary SSSI.[5] It is also protected under the European Union´s Directives relating to wildlife and nature conservation.

Facilities

There is a car park from where there is access by boardwalk to the beach and to pools used by amphibians.

See also

+ National nature reserves in Cumbria

References
  1. Cumbria Records Office, Barrow BDY175
  2. CRO, Barrow BD/BUC/58/1
  3. "Sandscale Haws: natterjack toads". National Trust. Retrieved 3 September 2016.
  4. "Morecambe Bay: Annex II species". JNCC. Retrieved 3 September 2016.
  5. "Duddon Estuary, Cumbria" (PDF). Natural England. Retrieved 21 June 2011.
  6. "Morecambe Bay: Annex I habitats". JNCC. Retrieved 3 September 2016.

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.