Russian cruiser Asia

Asia (Russian: А́зия) was a cruiser of the Imperial Russian Navy. The ship was originally the Philadelphia-built iron merchant steamship Columbus completed in 1874

History
United States
Name: Columbus
Owner: William P. Clyde & Co, Philadelphia
Port of registry: Philadelphia
Builder: William Cramp & Sons, Philadelphia
Yard number: 184
Laid down: 1873
Launched: 18 September 1873
Completed: 1874
Maiden voyage: 10 February 1874
Homeport: New York
Status: Sold to Russia, May 1878
Russian Empire
Name:
  • Asia
  • Kavkaz (1912-1914)
Builder: William Cramp & Sons, Philadelphia
Yard number: 204 (for conversion)
Acquired: Purchased May 1878
Reclassified: Cruiser 2nd Class, 1 February 1892
Stricken: May 1918
Fate: Scrapped in Germany, 1923
General characteristics
Type: Cruiser
Displacement: 2,449 long tons (2,488 t)
Length: 82.3 m (270 ft 0 in)
Beam: 10.7 m (35 ft 1 in)
Draught: 4.8 m (15 ft 9 in)
Propulsion:
  • Steam engine, 1,200 hp (890 kW)
  • After 1898 :
  • Steam engine, 2,700 hp (2,000 kW)
Speed:
  • 12.5 knots (23.2 km/h; 14.4 mph)
  • After 1898 :
  • 15.7 knots (29.1 km/h; 18.1 mph)
Range: 9,600 nmi (17,800 km)
Complement: 11 officers and 207 men
Armament:
  • 3 × 152 mm (6 in) guns
  • 5 × 107 mm (4.2 in) 9-pounder guns
  • 4 × 25 mm (1 in) guns
  • 2 × 445 mm (17.5 in) torpedo tubes

The iron passenger-cargo steamship Columbus was built 1873/74 in Philadelphia by William Cramp & Sons as Yard No.184 for local shipowner William P Clyde & Co.[1]

Columbus was bought by Russia in May 1878, one of three merchant ships purchased in the United States to be transformed into naval cruisers: State of California became Europa, Saratoga became Afrika, and Columbus became Asia. After initial conversion by her builders, Cramp, in Philadelphia, she was sailed to Russia by a Russian crew for further outfitting in Kronstadt during 1878 and 1879.

The cruiser saw initial duty in the Far East, but then returned to the Baltic. She was downgraded to Cruiser 2nd Class on 1 February 1892. The future Vice Admiral Karl Jessen was her commanding officer in 1895 and 1896. In 1898 she received a new engine, increasing her power from 1,200 hp (890 kW) to 2,700 hp (2,000 kW), and adding 2.2 knots (4 km/h; 3 mph) to her top speed.

In August 1911, now rather obsolete, Asia was transferred to the reserve fleet. In October 1912 she was renamed Kaukas (Russian: "Кавказ"). Following the outbreak of the First World War, she was once again renamed Asia on 11 September 1914, assigned to the Baltic Fleet's transport squadron and used as a minelayer.

The ship was deactivated in May 1918 and scrapped in 1923.

References
  1. Shipbuilding History. "Cramp Shipbuilding, Philadelphia PA". Tim Colton. Retrieved 11 October 2018.
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