Robert Land (1739–1818)
Robert Land (1739–1818) was a United Empire Loyalist and British spy during the American Revolution, and one of the first British settlers of Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Early life
Born in Tiverton in Devonshire, England, Land emigrated as a young man to the British Thirteen Colonies in America. He settled near Calkins Creek at what is now Milanville, Pennsylvania and started a farm. In 1756, he married Phoebe Scott. By 1776, Land had been appointed Justice of the Peace.
Work during American Revolutionary War
During the American Revolution, Land carried out many espionage missions for the British Army. He was eventually captured by American revolutionaries, tried and convicted as a traitor. Upon Land's release, he was wounded and chased by a gang of vigilantes, but managed to escape.
Settlement of Hamilton, Ontario
Returning to his Pennsylvania home, Land found that it had been destroyed. Believing that his wife and children were dead, Land decided to leave the colonies. He traveled through New York State to the Niagara River, which he crossed to what was then the British Province of Quebec.
Once in Quebec, Land received a land grant of 312 acres, which now forms part of Hamilton. Several years later, Land was reunited with his family. Phoebe and her children had traveled for sanctuary to New York City, which was still under British occupation. At the end of the war, they and other Loyalists were evacuated by the Royal Navy to the British Colony of New Brunswick.[1] Seven years after arriving in New Brunswick, Phoebe heard a rumor about a man named Land who lived near Lake Ontario. Two years later, Phoebe and her children traveled to Quebec to reunite with Land.
Later life
When Land died in July 1818 at age of 79, Hamilton was developing into a village. Phoebe died in 1826 at age 93.
Pheobe's youngest brother's son was the American general Winfield Scott who led a military incursion into Upper Canada in the War of 1812. Robert and Phoebe's son, Colonel Robert Land (1772–1867), served in the Battle of Queenston Heights and the Battle of Stoney Creek in Upper Canada.[2]
Family Relationships
Robert and Phoebe Land are the Fifth Great Grandparents of Charles Lindbergh.
References
- Hamilton: A People's History by Bill Freeman, page 13
- Hamilton Spectator (July 21, 2012 updated Feb. 28, 2020)https://www.thespec.com/life/travel/2012/07/21/hamilton-cemetery-vault-tells-a-tale-of-intrigue-heroism-and-war-of-1812-history.html
- Wentworth Bygones. From the Papers and Records of The Head of the Lake Historical Society Hamilton, Ontario. Vol.1 Walsh Printing Service, Hamilton, Ontario. 1958
- Extracts online at The Story of the Land Family and The Story of the Land Family at Charles Lindbergh
- Dorothy I. Brown. A loyalist's legacy: the family of Robert Land 1985
- James Elliott. If Ponies Rode Men: The Journeys Of Robert Land, 1777-1791 1995
- Lois C. Hamilton Evans: The story of a city. Toronto: Ryerson Press, 1970