Resistance through culture

Resistance through culture (also called cultural resistance, resistance through the aesthetic,[1] or intellectual resistance)[2] is a form of nonconformism. It is not open dissent, but a discreet stance.[3]

A revolt "so well hidden that it seems nonexistent",[4] it is a quest "to extend the boundaries of official tolerance, either by adopting a line considered by authorities to be ideologically suspect, or by highlighting certain contemporary social problems, or both."[3] Criticized for being "utopian, and thus inadequate to the realities of that age",[5] during the time of the Communist regimes in Europe, it was also a surviving formula, a modality for writers and artists to cheat Communist censorship without going the whole way into open political opposition.[6][7]

Romania

One of the most sharply criticized phrases in post-revolutionary Romania,[8] considered to be not much more than "blowing in the wind" by Romanian-born German Nobel literature prize winner Herta Müller,[9] and "not only resignation [...] but complicity with the terorist communism" by Romanian exiled writer Paul Goma,[10] so-called "resistance through culture" has often been linked to Constantin Noica's so-called "Păltiniș School".

In the fine arts, Corneliu Baba, among others, is sometimes considered to be an example of a painter who was nonconformist in this way.[11]

References
  1. Simion, Eugen (May 20, 2010). "Insemnari marunte despre rezistenta prin cultura si despre un român care schimba lumea" (in Romanian). Cultura. Retrieved January 26, 2014.
  2. Corbea, Andrei (30 May 2000). "Exilul, inainte si dupa exil" (in Romanian). Observator cultural. Retrieved 10 Aug 2015.
  3. McDermott, Kevin; Stibe, Matthew (eds.). Revolution and Resistance in Eastern Europe: Challenges to Communist Rule. Oxford, New York: Berg. pp. 90, 91. ISBN 978-1-84520-258-3.
  4. Marcu, Luminița (2002). "Rezistenţa culturală la începuturile comunismului" (in Romanian). România literară. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 10 Aug 2015.
  5. Bradatan, Costica; Oushakine, Serguei Alex., eds. (2010). In Marx's Shadow: Knowledge, Power and Intellectuals in Eastern Europe and Russia. Plymouth, UK: Lexington Books. p. 54. ISBN 978-0-7391-3624-9.
  6. Cesereanu, Ruxandra (2005). "Memorie si exil" (in Romanian). romaniaculturala.ro. Archived from the original on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 10 Aug 2015.
  7. Copoeru, Ion; Sepp, Hans Rainer, eds. (2007). Phenomenology 2005: Selected Essays from the Euro-Mediterranean Area, Part 1. Zeta Books. p. 74.
  8. Dinițoiu, Adina (September 2009). ""Textualism socialist" şi "rezistenţă prin cultură" în proza anilor '80" (in Romanian). Observator cultural. Retrieved 10 Aug 2015.
  9. "Cazul Noica şi şcoala de la Păltiniş (I)" (in Romanian). jurnalul.ro. January 10, 2011. Archived from the original on February 2, 2014. Retrieved January 26, 2014.
  10. Behring, Eva; Brandt, Juliane; Dozsai, Monika; Kliems, Alfrun; Richter, Ludwig; Trepte, Hans-Christian (2004). Grundbegriffe und Autoren ostmitteleuropäischen Exilliteraturen 1945-1989 Ein Beitrag zur Systematisierung und Typologisierung (in German). Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag. p. 641.
  11. "Somnul de 50 de ani al creaţiei" (in Romanian). tvrplus.ro. Retrieved January 26, 2014.
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