Reminiscences of the Anti-Japanese Guerillas

Reminiscences of the Anti-Japanese Guerillas is a collection of memoirs of North Korean guerillas fighting during the 1930s and 1940s in Manchuria against the Japanese. It was used as a textbook for indoctrination until it was effectively replaced by another piece of guerilla literature, Kim Il-sung's autobiography With the Century, in the 1990s. The memoirs were written in order to portray Kim Il-sung as a national liberator, and to strengthen his cult of personality. However, the memoirs are still used as a textbook in ideological workplace study sessions, as well as in other forms of indoctrination. Many of the memoirs have been adapted as movies by the North Korean film industry.

Reminiscences of the Anti-Japanese Guerillas
Cover page of the English edition (1968)
CountryNorth Korea
LanguageKorean
Subject
  • Korean resistance movements, 1905-1945 - Personal narratives
  • Guerrillas - China - Manchuria[1]
GenreMemoirs
Published
  • May 1959 (May 1959) (Korean ed.)
  • 1968 (1968) (English ed.)[1]
PublisherPyongyang: Workers' Party of Korea Publishing House (Korean ed.)
Pyongyang: Foreign Languages Publishing House (English ed.)[1]
Media typePrint in multiple volumes
Pages227 p.; vol. 1 (Korean ed.)
153 p. (English ed.)[1]
AwardsPeople's Prize (2012)
OCLC1097890
951.9/03[1]
LC ClassDS917 .R397[2]
Reminiscences of the Anti-Japanese Guerillas
Chosŏn'gŭl
Hancha
抗日 빨찌산 參加者들 義 回想기
Revised RomanizationHangil ppaljjisan chamgajadeul ui hoesanggi
McCune–ReischauerHangil ppaltchisan ch'amgajadŭl ŭi hoesanggi

Role of the memoirs and state propaganda

The Party History Institute was founded in 1958, and its collection of memoirs, Reminiscences of the Anti-Japanese Guerillas, was published in 1959, when Kim Il-sung's cult of personality was being strengthened after the August Faction Incident. These initiatives were part of the efforts to create and promote Kim Il-sung's activities during World War II as an anti-Japanese myth.[3] High-ranking defector Hwang Jang-yop dated the beginning of the personality cult at the end of the 1960s, when various guerillas disappeared from North Korean partisan literature. Until the 1960s, guerillas like Eul Ji Mun Deok, Kang Gam-chan and Lee Sun-shin were common in North Korean partisan literature. Others like Ahn Chang-ho and Shin Chae-ho were discredited.[4]

In the late 1960s, Kim Jong-il called back all the unofficial guerilla memoirs, and publishing them independently through news media or publishing houses was banned.[3] After the Kapsan Faction Incident in 1967, similar to the August Faction Incident in nature, Kim Jong-il ordered the chapters in Reminiscences of the Anti-Japanese Guerillas written by the conspirators to be deleted.[5] Since then, the Party History Institute would review and edit all memoirs. Hwang accused Kim Jong-il of trying to monopolize the independence struggle for the Kim family.[4] Jae-Cheon Lim argues that in the 1990s, the role of the memoirs as a tool for indoctrination were largely replaced by With the Century.[3]

The memoirs are still commonly used in daily ideological study sessions at workplaces, as they are seen as classic literature of the Workers' Party of Korea. They are also used as ideological study material in universities and in the Korean People's Army.[6] The memoirs are also used in annual mandatory party members' political examinations handled by the party Propaganda and Agitation Department. Repeated failures in the examinations have resulted in local officials being fired.[7]

Release details

In May 1959, the first volume of the memoirs was published for the first time by the Workers' Party of Korea Publishing House.[3][8] Since then, they have been republished in numerous volumes and editions.[9]

In November 2003, it was announced that the Workers' Party of Korea Publishing House planned to publish 20 volumes of reminiscences by combining earlier published series Reminiscences of the Anti-Japanese Guerillas, Combat Reminiscences of Anti-Japanese Guerillas and For the Freedom and Liberation of the People. The first volume carried 27 chapters of memoirs.[10]

In 2012, the memoirs won the People's Prize in North Korea. Many of the memoirs have since the 1959 release been made into movies, including Comrades! Please Take This Pistol, Fighter on Mt. Chonbo and Story of An Sun Hwa.[11]

The memoirs have been reprinted by University Press of the Pacific in English.[12] Translations exist in Finnish[13] and Swahili.[14]

Select contributors

The following guerillas who entered politics after the war have contributed to the series.

  •   Person has contributed to this volume.
  •   Person has not contributed to this volume.
Name 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
An Chong-sukDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[15]
An YongDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[15]
Chang Sang-yongDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[15]
Chi Kyong-suDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[15]
Chi Pyong-hakDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[15]
Cho Myong-sonDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[15]
Cho Tong-ukDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[16]
Choe HyonDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[16]
Choe In-dokDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[16]
Choe Ki-cholDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[16]
Choe KwangDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[16]
Choe Min-cholDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[16]
Chon Chang-cholDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[16]
Chon Mun-sopDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[16]
Chon Mun-ukDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[16]
Chong Pyong-gapDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[16]
Chu To-ilDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[16]
Han Ik-suDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[16]
Ho Chang-sukDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[16]
Ho Pong-hakDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[16]
Hwang Sun-huiDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[16]
Kim Cha-rinDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[16]
Kim Chang-bongDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[16]
Kim Chol-manDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[16]
Kim Chwa-hyokDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[16]
Kim Ik-hyonDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[16]
Kim Kyong-sokDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[17]
Kim Mying-junDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[17]
Kim Myong-sukDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[17]
Kim Ok-sunDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[17]
Kim Pyong-sikDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[17]
Kim Song-gukDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[17]
Kim Tae-hongDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[17]
Kim Tong-gyuDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[17]
Kim Yang-chunDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[17]
Kim Yo-jungDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[17]
Kim Yong-yonDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[17]
O Chae-wonDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[17]
O Chin-uDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[17]
O Peak-yongDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[17]
Paek Hak-nimDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[17]
Pak Kwang-sonDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[17]
Pak Kyong-sukDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[17]
Pak Song-cholDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[17]
Pak U-sopDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[17]
Pak Yong-sunDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[17]
So CholDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[17]
Sok SanDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[17]
Son Chong-junDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[17]
Tae Pyong-yolDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[17]
Wang Ok-hwanDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[17]
Yi Kuk-chinDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[17]
Yi Pong-suDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[17]
Yi Tu-chanDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[18]
Yi Ul-solDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[18]
Yi Yong-guDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[18]
Yi Yong-sukDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[18]
Yim CholDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[18]
Yim Chun-chuDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[18]
Yu Chang-gwonDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[18]
Yun Tae-hongDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appearDoes not appear[18]

See also

References
  1. "Reminiscences of the anti-Japanese guerillas". trove.nla.gov.au. National Library of Australia. Retrieved May 27, 2015.
  2. OpenLibrary.org. "Reminiscences of the anti-Japanese guerillas. (Open Library)". openlibrary.org. Retrieved May 26, 2015.
  3. Jae-Cheon Lim (March 24, 2015). Leader Symbols and Personality Cult in North Korea: The Leader State. Routledge. p. 22. ISBN 978-1-317-56741-7. Retrieved May 26, 2015.
  4. Hwang Jang Yop (2002). "The Problems of Human Rights in North Korea". www.law.columbia.edu. Retrieved May 26, 2015.
  5. Jae-Cheon Lim (November 24, 2008). Kim Jong-il's Leadership of North Korea. Routledge. pp. 37–38, 44. ISBN 978-1-134-01712-6. Retrieved July 21, 2015.
  6. "Reminiscences of Anti-Japanese Guerrillas, True Textbook of Life". KCNA. February 2, 2006. Retrieved May 26, 2015.
  7. Robert A. Scalapino; Chong-Sik Lee (1972). Communism in Korea: The society. University of California Press. pp. 1286–1287. ISBN 978-0-520-02274-4.
  8. "Hangil ppalch'isan ch'amgaja tûl ûi hoesanggi항일 빨치산 참가자들의 회상기". Katalog der Bibliothek des Instituts für Sinologie (LMU). Retrieved May 27, 2015.
  9. Robert A. Scalapino; Chong-Sik Lee (1972). Communism in Korea: The society. University of California Press. p. 771. ISBN 978-0-520-02274-4.
  10. "Reminiscences of Anti-Japanese Guerrillas Vol. 1 Reprinted". KCNA. November 13, 2003. Retrieved May 26, 2015.
  11. "Study of Reminiscences Brisk in DPRK". KCNA. April 3, 2012. Archived from the original on October 12, 2014. Retrieved May 26, 2015.
  12. "ISBN 9781410220615 - Reminiscences of the Anti-Japanese Guerillas". upcitemdb.com. Retrieved May 26, 2015.
  13. "Japanilaisvastaisten sissien muistelmia (Book, 1973) [WorldCat.org]". worldcat.org. Retrieved May 26, 2015.
  14. "Kumbukumbu za wapiganaji wa msituni dhidi ya waJapani (Book, 1969) [WorldCat.org]". worldcat.org. Retrieved May 26, 2015.
  15. Suh 1988, p. 325.
  16. Suh 1988, p. 326.
  17. Suh 1988, p. 327.
  18. Suh 1988, p. 328.

Works cited
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