Reer Nuur

The Reer Nuur (Somali: Reer Nuur, Arabic:قبيلة نور) also known as Nuur Yoonis (Arabic: نور يونس), is a noble northern Somali clan, a sub-division of the Makahiil sub-clan of the Gadabursi clan family.[1]

Somali
Reer Nuur
 Somalia  Djibouti Ethiopia
(Dir) Dir (including those of ancestral descent)
Regions with significant populations
Somalia, Djibouti, Ethiopia
Languages
Somali, Arabic
Religion
Islam
Related ethnic groups
Other Gadabursi clans, and Dir clans such as Barsuug, Biimaal, Gurgura, Surre, Issa

Overview

The Reer Nuur are one of the biggest sub-divisions of the Gadabursi clan family. Historically, they occupy the buffer zone between the Gadabuursi and Isaaq tribes.[2] Historically, when the clan would meet for political affairs, the Reer Nuur would be counted as one separate branch, on equal standing with the Habar Afan, Mahad Case, Aadan Yonis and the Jibril Yonis, sub groups of the Gadabursi family .[3]

Distribution

The Reer Nuur reside in 3 countries, Djibouti, Ethiopia, and Somaliland.

Within Somaliland, the Reer Nuur reside in the Awdal province, and dominate the Baki District and Dilla District. They also inhabit the Borama District and Zeila District.[4]

Within the Maroodi Jeex province, they reside in the Gabiley District, in towns such as Tog Wajaale,[5][6] El Bardale,[7][8] and Gabiley.[9][10][11][12][13][14] Within the Hargeisa District, they reside in Hargeisa, in the Stadium and State Park neighborhoods.[15]

Within Djibouti, the Reer Nuur reside in Quarter 4 and 5 of Djibouti (city).[16][17]

Within Ethiopia, the Reer Nuur reside in the Somali Region, specifically in the Awbare district, the most demographically popular region of the Jigjiga Zone. The Reer Nuur historically have grazed up to Jijiga [18] and make up the majority of the inhabitants of the city of Awbare.[19][20][21][22]

History

As a member of the Dir clan, the Reer Nuur come under the Makahiil branch of the Gadabuursi. As a member of the Dir clan, the Reer Nuur were a part of the Sultanate of Ifat and the Adal Sultanate.[23] These sultanates were ran by the Walashma dynasty, who were originated by the famous Yusuf bin Ahmad al-Kawneyn.

The Reer Nuur also occupy some of the oldest towns of these sultanates, the towns of Amud and Awbare. Which are also known as important historical sites and home to many Somali saints.[24][25]

In the colonial age, the Reer Nuur were adamantly anti colonization, and refused to join the British (along with other Gadabuursi) against the Dervish movement.[26]

The Balwo style of music and poetry was invented by a member of the Reer Nuur clan, known as Abdi Sinimo. His new style of music also led to the rise of the Heello genre and gave birth to modern Somali music.[27][28]

Clan Tree

The Reer Nuur claim descent from Dir through Gadabursi, listed below.

  • Gadabursi[3][29]
  • Habar Makadur (Makadoor)
    • Makahil
      • Muse
        • Younis (Reer Yoonis)
          • Nur Younis (Reer Nuur)

The sub divisions of the Nuur Yoonis:

  • Nuur Yoonis (Reer Nuur)[30]
    • Reer Mahmuud
      • Abdi Mahamuud
        • Xuseen
          • Xaad (Buul-xun)
          • Shirdoon
          • Gabbal
        • Cismaan (Reer – Cismaan)
      • Halas Mahmuud
        • Cumar Halas
          • Husien Omar
          • Farah Omar
          • Afi Omar
          • Gelleh Omar
          • Roble Omar
        • Guled Halas
        • Muse Halas
        • Hiraab Halas
        • Cali Halas
      • Hassan Mahmuud (Nimidoor)
      • Hufane Mahmuud (Nimidoor)
      • Roble Mahmuud (Ba-Jibra’en)
      • Mohamed Mahmuud (Ba-Jibra’en)
    • Reer Farah
      • Ibrahim Farah
        • Guled Ibraahim
        • Gaade Ibraahim
        • Bare Ibraahim
          • Reer Waadhawr
        • Samakaab Ibraahim
        • Rooble Ibraahim
        • Dadar Ibraahim
        • Salah Ibraahim
      • Geedi Farah also known as (Gabarmadow)
        • Wayteen Geedi
        • Cali Geedi
        • Mahamed Geedi
        • Dabeer Geedi
        • Hiraab Geedi
      • Reer Ali Abdi

References
  1. Jama, Hassan Ali (2005). Who Cares about Somalia: Hassan's Ordeal ; Reflections on a Nation's Future. Verlag Hans Schiler. ISBN 9783899300758.
  2. Hayward, R. J.; Lewis, I. M. (2005-08-17). Voice and Power. Routledge. ISBN 9781135751753.
  3. Ambroso, Guido (2002). CLAN SHIP, CONFLICT AND REFUGEES: AN INTRODUCTION TO SOMALIS IN THE HORN OF AFRICA. Brussels: UNHCR HARGEISA. p. 7. One informer told me that in Borama, when there are important decisions to be made, the Gadabursi normally divide themselves into four "parties.The Habar Afan, the Mahad Asse, the Jibril Yonis, and the Nur Yonis.
  4. Wariye (2015-01-17). ""Siimoodi iyo Baki Reer Nuur baa leh, Balse Waa lanala Degaa." Salaadiinta Reer Nuur". Waaheen Media Group. Retrieved 2018-03-30.
  5. Abdi, Mohamed (2007). Addressing Land-based Conflicts in Somaliland and Afghanistan. Academy for Peace and Development. p. 67. Within Tog Wajaale, there was a continuous conflict from 1993-2016 between the Samaroon (Reer Maxamed Nur) and the Jibril Abokor (Aadan Cumar) regarding the privatization of communal land. Through the work of traditional elders, Guurti, and the Gabiley Local council, it has been partially resolved.
  6. Morin, Didier (1995). Des paroles douces comme la soie: introduction aux contes dans l'aire couchitique (Bedja, Afar, Saho, Somali) (in French). Peeters Publishers. ISBN 9789068316780.
  7. "Rival clans "re-arming" over Somaliland farm". IRIN. 2009-10-16. Retrieved 2018-03-30. Elberdale farmland dispute. The farmland dates back to the 1950s with the two clans - the Reer Nour and Reer Hared - each claiming ownership over farms in the town.
  8. "Clashes displace hundreds of families in Somaliland". IRIN. 2009-07-16. Retrieved 2018-03-30. The latest clashes marked the fourth time armed conflict has broken out in the Elberdale farmland in the past six months between the Hared and Mohamoud Nour clans.
  9. Saeed Gees, Mohamed (2010). PILLARS OF PEACE:Democracy in Somaliland Challenges and Opportunities. Hargeysa: Academy for Peace and Development. p. 77.
  10. Ambroso, Guido (March 2002). CLANSHIP, CONFLICT AND REFUGEES: AN INTRODUCTION TO SOMALIS IN THE HORN OF AFRICA. Brussels, Belgium: UNCHR. p. 69. Genealogical Chart #2.2 shows the diversity of the Gadabursi lineages residing in Gabiley. The Bahabar Aden,Bahabar Abokor,and Degaweyne lineages constituting the "Bah Samaroon" alliance group of the Gadabursi that reside in Gabiley. Chart also shows the Reer Mohamed Nur (Also Gadabursi) residing in Gabiley as well.
  11. Dostal, Walter. Shattering Tradition: Custom, Law and the Individual in the Muslim Mediterranean. p. 296.
  12. Pastoral society and transnational refugees: population movements in Somaliland and eastern Ethiopia. UN High Commissioner for Refugees. 8 August 2002. p. 5. Table 1: Somaliland’s clans by region, Page 5 shows that the Gadabursi do reside in Gabiley.
  13. École pratique des hautes études; Section des sciences économiques et sociales; École des hautes études en sciences sociales (1997). Cahiers d'études africaines, Volume 37, Issues 1-2; Volume 37, Issues 145-146. Indiana University: Mouton. p. 360. various Gadabursi lineages reside in Gabiley
  14. "Isbahaysigii Gol-waraabe ee ay bahwadaagta ku ahaayeen Reer Nuur iyo Jibriil Abokor". Awdalpress.com. 2011-01-14. Retrieved 2018-03-30.
  15. Housing Land and Property Issues in Somalia: Persons of Concern in Somaliland and South-Central Somalia. Legal Action Worldwide (LAW). 2014. p. 23. Figure 2 on page 23 shows the Samaroon people inhabiting the neighborhoods of Stadium and State House Park in Hargeisa.
  16. Imbert-Vier, Simon (2011). Tracer des frontières à Djibouti: des territoires et des hommes aux XIXe et XXe siècles (in French). KARTHALA Editions. ISBN 9782811105068.
  17. Rayne, Henry a (2015-08-08). Sun, Sand and Somals; Leaves from the Note-Book of a District Commissioner in British Somalia. BiblioLife. ISBN 9781297569760.
  18. Scarin, Emilio (1942). Hararino, ricerche e studi geografici (in Italian). G. C. Sansoni.
  19. Hayward, R. J.; Lewis, I. M. (2005-08-17). Voice and Power. Routledge. p. 136. ISBN 9781135751753. The major town and region of the Rer Farah Nur, Aw Baare.
  20. Battera, Federico (2005). "Chapter 9: The Collapse of the State and the Resurgence of Customary Law in Northern Somalia". Shattering Tradition: Custom, Law and the Individual in the Muslim Mediterranean. Walter Dostal, Wolfgang Kraus (ed.). London: I.B. Taurus. p. 296. ISBN 1-85043-634-7. Retrieved 2010-03-18.
  21. "Somaliland: The Myth of Clan-Based Statehood". Somalia Watch. 7 December 2002. Archived from the original on 15 June 2006. Retrieved 2007-01-29.
  22. Dostal, Walter; Kraus, Wolfgang (2005-04-22). Shattering Tradition: Custom, Law and the Individual in the Muslim Mediterranean. I.B.Tauris. p. 296. ISBN 9780857716774.
  23. Futūḥ al-Ḥabasha. (n.d.). Christian-Muslim Relations 1500 - 1900. doi:10.1163/2451-9537_cmrii_com_26077
  24. Briggs, Philip (2011-12-19). Somaliland: With Addis Ababa & Eastern Ethiopia. Bradt Travel Guides. ISBN 9781841623719.
  25. Staines, David (2001-06-26). Margaret Laurence: Critical Reflections. University of Ottawa Press. ISBN 9780776616582.
  26. Gugenheim, Eugène (1902-11-18). "Gil Bas". A Zeylah, le gouvernement britannique a essayé de lever des recrues parmi les guerriers Gadaboursis : mais ceux-ci ont refusé de marcher contre le Madht du Somaliiand
  27. Hirsch, Edward (2014-04-08). A Poet's Glossary. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. ISBN 9780547737461.
  28. Abdullahi, Mohamed Diriye (2001). Culture and Customs of Somalia. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 171. ISBN 9780313313332. balwo.
  29. "Abtirsi.com : Nur Yonis Muse". www.abtirsi.com. Retrieved 2018-03-30.
  30. "Abla-Ablaynta Beelaha Qabiilka Gadabuursi (samaroon siciid)". Samaroon's Weblog. 2009-07-15. Retrieved 2018-03-30.
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