Raja Aziz Bhatti

Major Raja Aziz Bhatti (Urdu: راجہ عزیز بھٹی  b. 6 August 1928– 12 September 1965),[2] born as Aziz Ahmad:177[3] but usually known as Raja Aziz Bhatti, was a military officer in the Pakistan Army who was cited with the Nishan-e-Haider (Eng. Lit.: Emblem of Lion) for his actions of valor during the Battle of Burki in second war with India in 1965.


Raja Aziz Bhatti
Birth nameAziz Ahmed
Other name(s)Raja Abdul Aziz Bhatti
Nickname(s)Raja
A Great Hero:220[1]
A. A.
Protector of Lahore
Born(1928-08-06)August 6, 1928
British Hong Kong
DiedSeptember 12, 1965(1965-09-12) (aged 37)
Near Burki, West Pakistan
Buried
Ladian, Gujrat District, Punjab, Pakistan
Allegiance Pakistan
Service/branch Pakistan Army
 Pakistan Air Force (1946–48)
Japanese Navy (1944–45)
Years of service1946–1965
Rank Major
Service numberPA-2695
Unit 4/16th Punjab Regiment 17 Punjab Haidri
Battles/warsIndo-Pakistani War of 1965
AwardsNishan-e-Haider (1965)
Sword of Honor (1950)
WebsiteMajor Raja Aziz Bhatti

Prior to gaining officer's commission in the Pakistan Army, Major Bhatti served in the Pakistan Air Force as an enlisted personnel and left the air force as a Corporal in a favor of transferring to the Army.[4] His brief career in the military was subjected to be as a staff officer working on administrative positions in the Pakistan Army, and widely popular as the "Muhafiz-e-Lahore" (Protector of Lahore).[5][6]

In 1997, he was subjected to a critically acclaimed[4] biographical war drama telefilm, Major Raja Aziz Bhatti, produced by the ISPR and directed by Salim Tahir of the PTV.[7]

Biography

Early life and military career
Main articles: British Hong Kong and Japanese occupation of Hong Kong

Raja Aziz Ahmed Bhatti was born in British Hong Kong on 6 August 1928 into a Punjabi Rajput family.[4] His family originally hailed from a small village that was located about 110 miles away from the Gujrat District of the Punjab in India who had emigrated to British Hong Kong after his father and two uncles found employment in the Hong Kong Police Force.[4] His father, Mohammad Abdullah Bhatti, was an alumnus of the Queen's College in Hong Kong who later served as an Inspector in the Hong Kong Police Force.[4] Aziz Bhatti was educated in Hong Kong where he completed his matriculation and attended the Queen's College in Hong Kong but his education was halted due to the Japanese invasion and occupation of Hong Kong in 1941.[4] He was drafted in the Imperial Japanese Navy in 1944, first serving at the rank of the seaman recruit and as the tower watchman (observation post) before being directed to attend the officer school offered by the Imperial Japanese Navy due to his educational qualifications.[4]

However in December 1945, the Bhatti family relocated to India, and Aziz Bhatti enlisted to join the Royal Indian Air Force as an airman in June 1946.[4] After the establishment of Pakistan in 1947, Bhatti joined the Pakistan Air Force and promoted as Corporal (Cpl.) in the Pakistan Air Force, which he continued to serve in the air force until 1948.[4] Cpl. Bhatti was a prospective candidate to join the famed Air Force Academy in Risalpur and was known to be as brightest that the Air Force had seen in its early years.:220[1]

On 21 January 1948, Cpl. Bhatti submitted an application to the Ministry of Defense (MoD), asking to be transferred to the Pakistan Army, which was approved and Bhatti was directed to attend the Pakistan Military Academy in Kakul in 1948.[4] At the PMA in Kakul, he distinguish himself in studies and athletics among his classmates, and passed out from the military academy at the top of class in the class of the 1st PMA Long Course and was conferred with the Sword of Honor and the Norman gold medallion by the ceremony's chief guest, Prime Minister Liaquat Ali Khan in 1950.:177[3] He was commissioned as the 2nd-Lt. in the 4th battalion of the 16th Punjab Regiment (4/16th Punjab Regiment).[4] He was promoted as an Lieutenant in 1951 till 1953–later promoted as an captain from 1953 until 1956.[4]

In 1956, Capt. Aziz was sent to Canada to attend the staff course at the Canadian Army Command and Staff College where he remained in Canada until graduation from strategic studies courses in 1960.:71[8][4] Upon returning to Pakistan, Capt. Aziz was posted with the 17th Punjab Regiment as a General Staff Officer (GSO) until 1962.[4] After being promoted as Major in the Army in 1962, Maj. Aziz was taken in the faculty of the School of Infantry and Tactics in Quetta, which he remained until 1964.[4]

Indo-Pakistani war of 1965
Main article: Battle of Burki

From January 1965 till May 1965, Maj. Bhatti served as the General Staff Officer (GSO) of the 17th Punjab Regiment, but was later posted as the commander of the two military companies after the Indian Army's launching the invasion by crossing the international borders in September 1965.:279[9][4] Leading the military companies, Maj. Bhatti was initially deployed on the forward positions of the BRB Canal near the Burki area that falls in the vicinity of the Lahore District in Pakistan-side Punjab.:177[3]:contents[10]

Official engagement with the Indian Army took place between 7–10 September when the Indian Army begin its push of capturing the Burki sector through artillery and armory in a view of entering in Lahore.:178[11] Despite Indian Army's efforts of relatively easily capturing of the Burki sector through the BRB Canal, the outnumbered military companies under Major Bhatti had forced the Indian Army to engage in hand-to-hand combat during the night of the 7/8 September 1965, and the fighting continued till the next three days despite Indian Army having numerical advantage.:178[11] In spite of the defense of the Burki sector through the BRB Canal had less importance in the views of military strategists working at the Army GHQ in Rawalpindi, the defense of the Burki sector was fierce and tenacious that Indian Army's armory had to halt its plans of capturing Lahore but to focus of capturing the Burki sector and destroying the bridge connecting the BRB Canal.:178[11]:52[12] It is unclear why the Pakistan Army did not send the reinforcement teams to provide back up to Maj. Bhatti's teams and the questionnaire-based controversy was later generated on why Maj. Bhatti and his teams were left alone to fight bravely for a long time.:contents[10]

Despite being offered to see his family in Lahore and rest up, Maj. Bhatti refused to take up the offer and instead told an army sergeant that: Do not recall me. I don’t want to go back. I will shed the last drop of my blood in the defense of my dear homeland.[13] Maj. Bhatti moved towards building up the trenches and positioned himself towards forward observation to view the enemy armory movements, where he would often stand for a better view to give orders to the artillery units on which direction to fire the muzzled shell from the Howitzers.:231[14]

On 10 September 1965, Maj. Bhatti was on a routine when he stood up from his trench to observe the enemy position despite being warned by army sergeant to take cover and move out of the target– the advise was unheeded by Maj. Bhatti and justified his actions of taking a better view of before order the artillery of targeting the Indian Army's armory.:238[15] Maj. Bhatti was eventually hit by the tank shell on the shoulder and was killed in an impact on instant.[4]:238[15] Maj. Bhatti was 37 years old at the time of his death.[4]

Memorials
The Gravestone of Maj. Bhatti with the Nishan-e-Haider citation.
The Nishan-e-Haider

Maj. Aziz Bhatti was buried in the courtyard of his ancestral home at Ladian, a small village near Gujrat, Punjab in Pakistan.[16] In 1966, the federal government accepted the recommendations and announced to posthumously award the Nishan-e-Haider for his gallant and actions of valor during the defense of the Burki.:83[17]

Later the federal government funded to build the marble tombstone at his ancestral home in 1967 at his locality.[4]

The Presidential Nishan-e-Haider citation on his grave is written in Urdu and is actually a poem; and its reads with translation as:

Citation:

Rouge on the face of shahadat, pride of the country and the nation are these fearless warriors, a strike of their sword wipes out the mightiest of foes this one who came out victorious in the struggle for the cause of ALLAH is lying here in the delight of the afterlife dream. Major Bhatti fought valiantly on Lahore Front, and is posthumously presented with the Nishan-e-Haider.[16]

Galleries
Tomb and gravestone of Maj. Raja Aziz Bhatti
  • The courtyard of the ancestral home of Maj. Raja Aziz Bhatti.
  • The grave of Maj. Raja Aziz Bhatti.
  • The entrance of the ancestral home of Maj. Raja Aziz Bhatti

In 1968, a paintings exhibition was inaugurated in Lahore, Punjab in Pakistan depicting Pakistan's war heroes including the first sketched portrait of Maj. Aziz Bhatti.[18] In 1997, he was subjected to a popular and critically acclaimed biographical war drama telefilm, Major Raja Aziz Bhatti, produced by the ISPR and directed by Salim Tahir of the PTV.[7]

It was reported in media that former Pakistan Army's General, Raheel Sharif who was the former Chief of Army Staff and Major Shabbir Sharif, another recipient of Nishan-e-Haider of Pakistan Army, are the nephews of Major Raja Aziz Bhatti.[19]

His grandson Babar Bhatti, a Canada-based businessman, is married to the famous supermodel-turned-actress Iman Ali.[20]

See also

References
  1. Zajda, Joseph; Tsyrlina-Spady, Tatyana; Lovorn, Michael (2016). Globalisation and Historiography of National Leaders: Symbolic Representations in School Textbooks. Springer. p. 250. ISBN 9789402409758. Retrieved 9 March 2019.
  2. "Major Raja Aziz Bhatti". Nishan-i-Haider recipients. Pakistan Army. Retrieved 25 September 2013.
  3. Malik, Imran Ali (2018). "Major Aziz Bhatti)". Moon Glade (PDF) (1st ed.). Rawalpindi, Punj. Pakistan: Inter-Services Public Relations. p. 248. ISBN 9789697632022. Retrieved 9 March 2019.
  4. "Major Aziz Bhatti: biography in Urdu". www.urdubiography.com (in Urdu). 2012. Retrieved 9 March 2019.
  5. "Raja Aziz Bhatti". PakistanTimes. Retrieved 23 August 2014.
  6. "Raja Aziz Bhatti". Pakistan Times.
  7. "Major Raja Aziz Bhatti Shaheed Full Movie mp4". www.youtube.com. ISPR Films. 5 September 2016. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
  8. Illustrated Weekly of Pakistan. Pakistan Herald Publications. 1969.
  9. Beg, Aziz (1966). Seventeen September Days. Babur and Amer Publications. Retrieved 10 March 2019.
  10. Cloughley, Brian (2016). A History of the Pakistan Army: Wars and Insurrections (3rd ed.). Simon and Schuster. ISBN 9781631440397. Retrieved 10 March 2019.
  11. Bajwa, Farooq (2013). From Kutch to Tashkent: The Indo-Pakistan War of 1965. Hurst Publishers. p. 400. ISBN 9781849042307. Retrieved 10 March 2019.
  12. Musa, Gen. Mohammed (1983). My version: India-Pakistan war, 1965. Wajid Ali Publishing co. p. 125. Retrieved 10 March 2019.
  13. "Will shed last drop of blood for homeland: Major Raja Aziz Bhatti's last words | Pakistan | Dunya News". dunyanews.tv. Retrieved 10 March 2019.
  14. Nawaz, Shuja (2008). Crossed Swords: Pakistan, Its Army, and the Wars Within. Oxford University Press. p. 665. ISBN 9780195476606. Retrieved 10 March 2019.
  15. Ghaznawi, Khalid (1966). Story of Indian Aggressions Against Pakistan. National Book House. p. 328. Retrieved 10 March 2019.
  16. "September War & Our Solo Nishan e Haider". Retrieved 10 March 2019.
  17. Illustrated Weekly of Pakistan. 1966.
  18. From the past pages of Dawn (newspaper): Fifty years ago: War paintings show Dawn (newspaper), Published 24 April 2018, Retrieved 4 November 2018
  19. "Lt. General Raheel Sharif Appointed as Chief of Army Staff". Pakistan Tribune. 27 November 2013. Archived from the original on 28 November 2013. Retrieved 27 November 2013.
  20. "Pakistani model and actor Iman Ali ties the knot in Lahore" (22 February 2019), Samaa. Retrieved 25 February 2019.
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