Pyridinium chloride

Pyridinium chloride is an organic chemical compound with a formula of C5H5NHCl.

Pyridinium chloride[1][2]

The chemical structure of pyridinium chloride
Names
IUPAC name
Pyridinium chloride
Other names
Pyridine hydrochloride
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ECHA InfoCard 100.010.026
EC Number
  • 211-027-4
UNII
Properties
C5H6NCl
Molar mass 115.56 g/mol
Appearance Hygroscopic white crystals
Density 1.34 g/cm3
Melting point 144 °C (291 °F; 417 K)
Boiling point Decomposes
85 g / 100 mL
Solubility Soluble in chloroform, ethanol, insoluble in diethyl ether
Vapor pressure 1 (0 °C)
Acidity (pKa) 5
Hazards
Main hazards Irritant
Safety data sheet
GHS pictograms
GHS Signal word Warning
H302, H312, H315, H319, H332, H335
P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+312, P302+352, P304+312, P304+340, P305+351+338, P312, P321, P330, P332+313, P337+313, P362, P403+233, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
Flammability code 0: Will not burn. E.g. waterHealth code 2: Intense or continued but not chronic exposure could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury. E.g. chloroformReactivity code 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no code
0
2
0
Flash point Non-flammable
Non-flammable
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
1600 mg/kg (oral, rat)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Preparation

Pyridinium chloride can be produced by passing hydrogen chloride in pyridine dissolved in diethyl ether. The chemical formula is as follows:

Acidity

Containing a pyridinium ion, pyridinium chloride has a pKa of approximately 5, slightly more acidic than that of typical amines. This is due to the hybridization of the nitrogen: the nitrogen is sp2 hybridized and more electronegative than those nitrogens in ammonium cations, which are sp3 hybridized. Hence they are stronger acids than amines and can be more easily deprotonated by bases.[3]

References
  1. "Pyridine hydrochloride(628-13-7) MSDS Melting Point Boiling Point Density Storage Transport". ChemicalBook. Retrieved 2019-03-22.
  2. Wilson, Michael W. (2001). "Pyridinium Chloride". Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis. John Wiley & Sons. doi:10.1002/047084289x.rp287m. ISBN 9780470842898.
  3. "Pyridine: synthesis and reactivity | BrainyResort". Brainy Resort. 2016-11-08. Retrieved 2019-03-28.
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