Psychrophrynella chirihampatu

Psychrophrynella chirihampatu is a species of frogs in the family Craugastoridae. It is endemic to Peru and only known from its type locality, Japumato Valley in the Peruvian Andes in the Cusco.[2][3][4] Common names Japumayo Andes frog has been coined for this species.[4]

Psychrophrynella chirihampatu
Holotype, an adult male
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Craugastoridae
Genus: Psychrophrynella
Species:
P. chirihampatu
Binomial name
Psychrophrynella chirihampatu
Catenazzi and Ttito, 2016[2]

Etymology

The specific name chirihampatu is a combination of Quechua words meaning "cold toad" (chiri hamp'atu). The genus name Psychrophrynella has the same meaning.[2]

Dorsolateral (left) and ventral (right) views of two males and two females.

Description

Males measure 16–24 mm (0.63–0.94 in) and females 23–28 mm (0.91–1.10 in) in snout–vent length. Skin on the dorsum is finely shagreen, with some small warts forming linear ridges at mid dorsum. Skin on the venter is smooth. The tympanic membrane is not differentiated and the tympanic annulus is barely visible below skin. The snout short is bluntly rounded. Neither fingers nor toes have lateral fringes or webbing. The dorsal color varies considerably between individuals: the dorsum is tan to brown and gray, with dark brown markings; some individuals have a yellow or orange mid-dorsal line. An inter-orbital bar is present. The chest, venter and ventral parts of the arms and legs are yellow with brown flecks. The throat and palmar and plantar surfaces brown or reddish-brown. Males have vocal sac and vocal slits but no nuptial pads.[2]

Reproduction

Males have been observed calling during the day. The advertisement call is composed of multiple notes; the call of the holotype lasted 1–4.5 seconds and consisted of 10–68 single-pulsed notes. Female fecundity is 7–12 eggs. In one nest, eleven unattended eggs measuring about 4.5 mm (0.18 in) in diameter were found.[2]

Habitat and conservation

Psychrophrynella chirihampatu has been found in areas of disturbed montane forest vegetation, often along the forest edges bordering landslides and other open areas. It is known from elevations of 2,550–3,180 m (8,370–10,430 ft) above sea level.[2]

This species has been assessed as of least concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).[1] The surveyed populations are relatively large, and no direct threats are currently known—the species might actually benefit from some habitat disturbance. The known range is within a protected area.

Psychrophrynella chirihampatu is only known from the Japumato Valley in the Peruvian Andes

References
  1. IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2017). "Psychrophrynella chirihampatu". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T91951423A91951432. Retrieved 22 June 2020.
  2. Catenazzi, Alessandro; Ttito, Alex (14 March 2016). "A new species of Psychrophrynella (Amphibia, Anura, Craugastoridae) from the humid montane forests of Cusco, eastern slopes of the Peruvian Andes". PeerJ. 4: e1807. doi:10.7717/peerj.1807. PMC 4793343.
  3. Frost, Darrel R. (2017). "Psychrophrynella chirihampatu Catenazzi and Ttito, 2016". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 11 March 2017.
  4. "Psychrophrynella chirihampatu". AmphibiaWeb. University of California, Berkeley. 2016. Retrieved 11 March 2017.
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