Psychiatric Genomics Consortium

The Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (abbreviated PGC) is an international consortium of scientists dedicated to conducting meta- and mega-analyses of genomic-wide genetic data, with a focus on psychiatric disorders. It is the largest psychiatric consortium ever created,[1] including over 800 researchers from 38 countries as of 2019.[2] Its goal is to generate information about the genetics of psychiatric conditions that will be "actionable", that is, "genetic findings whose biological implications can be used to improve diagnosis, develop rational therapeutics, and craft mechanistic approaches to primary prevention".[1] The consortium makes the main findings from its research freely available for use by other researchers.[3]

History

The PGC was founded in early 2007, originally as the Psychiatric Genome Wide Association Consortium.[2][4] One of its founders was Patrick F. Sullivan (UNC School of Medicine), who now serves as its lead principal investigator.[5] It was initially a branch of the Genetic Association Information Network, a public-private partnership aimed at researching the genetics of human disorders in general.[6]

For its first four years of existence, the PGC focused on autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, and schizophrenia. It also initially focused only on finding common single nucleotide polymorphisms that were associated with psychiatric disorders. Since then, it has expanded its scope to include other disorders, as well as less common forms of genetic variation such as copy number variation.[2]

Findings

Research from the PGC has shed light on the genetic architecture of psychiatric disorders generally, as well as demonstrating the viability of the genome-wide association approach for specific disorders such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. The consortium has also identified 108 genetic loci that are consistently associated with schizophrenia.[6] In addition, its findings have pointed to significant pleiotropy across psychiatric disorders, with many common alleles influencing the risk of multiple such disorders.[4]

References
  1. Sullivan, Patrick F.; Agrawal, Arpana; Bulik, Cynthia M.; Andreassen, Ole A.; Børglum, Anders D.; Breen, Gerome; Cichon, Sven; Edenberg, Howard J.; Faraone, Stephen V. (2018-01-01). "Psychiatric Genomics: An Update and an Agenda". The American Journal of Psychiatry. 175 (1): 15–27. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2017.17030283. ISSN 1535-7228. PMC 5756100. PMID 28969442.
  2. "What is the PGC?". Psychiatric Genomics Consortium. Retrieved 2019-06-05.
  3. Corvin, Aiden; Sullivan, Patrick F. (May 2016). "What Next in Schizophrenia Genetics for the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium?". Schizophrenia Bulletin. 42 (3): 538–541. doi:10.1093/schbul/sbw014. ISSN 0586-7614. PMC 4838114. PMID 26994396.
  4. O'Donovan, Michael C. (October 2015). "What have we learned from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium". World Psychiatry. 14 (3): 291–293. doi:10.1002/wps.20270. ISSN 1723-8617. PMC 4592644. PMID 26407777.
  5. "New Genetic Risk Factors Discovered for Alzheimer's Disease". UNC Health Care (Press release). 2019-01-07. Retrieved 2019-06-05.
  6. Logue, Mark W.; Amstadter, Ananda B.; Baker, Dewleen G.; Duncan, Laramie; Koenen, Karestan C.; Liberzon, Israel; Miller, Mark W.; Morey, Rajendra A.; Nievergelt, Caroline M. (September 2015). "The Psychiatric Genomics Consortium Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Workgroup: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Enters the Age of Large-Scale Genomic Collaboration". Neuropsychopharmacology. 40 (10): 2287–2297. doi:10.1038/npp.2015.118. ISSN 1740-634X. PMC 4538342. PMID 25904361.
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