Pristimantis w-nigrum

Pristimantis w-nigrum, also known as the Zurucuchu robber frog or w rainfrog ("cualita" in Spanish) is a species of frog in the family Craugastoridae. It is found on both Pacific and Amazonian slopes of the Andes in Colombia, Ecuador, and northern Peru.[2] The species is divided to at least eight clades that are genetically highly divergent but morphologically similar; it may be a species complex.[3]

Pristimantis w-nigrum
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Craugastoridae
Genus: Pristimantis
Species:
P. w-nigrum
Binomial name
Pristimantis w-nigrum
(Boettger, 1892)
Synonyms

Hylodes w-nigrum Boettger, 1892
Hylodes buergeri Werner, 1899
Eleutherodactylus w-nigrum (Boettger, 1892)

Description

Pristimantis w-nigrum males measure 29–47 mm (1.1–1.9 in) in snout–vent length and females measure 44–57 mm (1.7–2.2 in). Live specimens are easily recognized by a colour pattern of yellow with black markings on the groin, anterior and posterior surfaces of thighs, and concealed shank. Tympanum is distinct.[4]

Habitat

The natural habitats of Pristimantis w-nigrum are cloud forest and sub-páramo, but it occurs also in deforested and disturbed areas.[1] It is a nocturnal species[4] that can be found perched on vegetation up to 3 metres above ground; during the day it can be found on fallen leaves. It is a common species although it has declined in many areas.[1]

References
  1. Fernando Castro; Maria Isabel Herrera; Luis A. Coloma; Santiago Ron; John Lynch; Diego Cisneros-Heredia; Mario Yánez-Muñoz (2010). "Pristimantis w-nigrum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T57057A11575834. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-2.RLTS.T57057A11575834.en.
  2. Frost, Darrel R. (2014). "Pristimantis w-nigrum (Boettger, 1892)". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 11 October 2014.
  3. Kieswetter, C. M.; Schneider, C. J. (2013). "Phylogeography in the northern Andes: Complex history and cryptic diversity in a cloud forest frog, Pristimantis w-nigrum (Craugastoridae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 69 (3): 417–429. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2013.08.007. PMID 23978627.
  4. Guayasamin, J. M.; Funk, W. C. (2009). "The amphibian community at Yanayacu Biological Station, Ecuador, with a comparison of vertical microhabitat use among Pristimantis species and the description of a new species of the Pristimantis myersi group" (PDF). Zootaxa. 2220: 41–66. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2220.1.2.
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