Prestwich Hospital

Prestwich Hospital is a mental health facility at Prestwich in Greater Manchester. There is still a low secure unit on site managed by the Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust.

Prestwich Hospital
Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust
Prestwich Hospital
Shown in Greater Manchester
Geography
LocationPrestwich, Greater Manchester, England
Coordinates53.5365°N 2.2899°W / 53.5365; -2.2899
Organisation
Care systemNHS
TypePsychiatric
Services
Emergency departmentNo
History
Opened1851
Links
Websitewww.gmmh.nhs.uk
ListsHospitals in England

History

The site was selected at Prestwich Woods and acquired from Oswald Milne, a solicitor, in 1847.[1] The hospital was designed by Isaac Holden, a Manchester architect.[2] It was built of red brick with stone quoin decoration and officially opened, with 350 patients, as the Second Lancashire County Lunatic Asylum in January 1851.[1] Two extra wards were completed in 1864 and an annex was built in 1883.[1]

By 1903 it was accommodating 3,135 patients making it the largest asylum in Europe.[3] Montagu Lomax, assistant medical officer at the hospital between 1917 and 1919, exposed the inhuman, custodial and antitherapeutic practices there in his book The Experiences of an Asylum Doctor, which led to a Royal Commission, increased central control and ultimately the Mental Treatment Act 1930.[4][5] The National Asylum Workers' Union organised a strike of 200 employees at the hospital in 1918.[6]

The facility was renamed the Prestwich Mental Hospital in 1923.[2] It was used for war casualties during the Second World War and then joined the National Health Service in 1948.[2]

Much of what Dr Lomax had described much earlier could still be seen in parts of Prestwich Hospital in the 1960s and 1970s.[7][8] However, following the introduction of Care in the Community in the early 1980s, the hospital went into a period of decline and closed to long-term patients in 1996.[2] There is still a low secure unit on site managed by the Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust.[9]

The hospital gave rise to the local saying "going to Prestwich" which means going mad.[10]

The dining hall of Lancaster County Asylum, Prestwich, c. 1887

See also

References
  1. "Prestwich Hospital". Manchester City Council. Retrieved 14 October 2018.
  2. "Prestwich". County Asylums. Retrieved 14 October 2018.
  3. "The Prestwich Asylum". Archives +. Retrieved 11 January 2017.
  4. BA Towers The management and politics of a public expose: the Prestwich Inquiry 1922 J Social Policy (1984) 13: 41–61
  5. TW Harding, "Not worth powder and shot." A reappraisal of Montagu Lomax's contribution to mental health reform British Journal of Psychiatry (1990) 156: 180–187
  6. Abel-Smith, Brian (1960). A History of the Nursing Profession. London: Heinemann. p. 132.
  7. J Hopton Daily life in a 20th century psychiatric hospital: an oral history of Prestwich Hospital Int Hist Nurs J (1997) 2: 27–39
  8. J Hopton Prestwich Hospital in the twentieth century: a case study of slow and uneven progress in the development of psychiatric care History of Psychiatry (1999) 10: 349–369
  9. "Low secure services". Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust. Retrieved 14 October 2018.
  10. Trudgill, Peter (1976) Lancashire Dialect. Clapham, N. Yorks.: Dalesman; p. 36
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