Pinsker's hawk-eagle

Pinsker's hawk-eagle (Nisaetus pinskeri), south Philippine hawk-eagle or Mindanao hawk-eagle, is a species of bird of prey in the family Accipitridae.[2][3][4] It is native to the islands of Leyte, Samar, Negros and Mindanao in the Philippines.

Pinsker's hawk-eagle
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Accipitriformes
Family: Accipitridae
Genus: Nisaetus
Species:
N. pinskeri
Binomial name
Nisaetus pinskeri
Preleuthner and Gamauf, 1998

Taxonomy

It is most closely related to the Philippine hawk-eagle (Nisaetus philipensis) with some taxonomists still considering it a subspecies, and Changeable hawk-eagle (Nisaetus cirrhatus) and hawk eagle species which is commonly distributed in Southeast Asia.

Distribution and habitat

Its natural habitat is tropical moist highland forests approximately above 1200 meters above sea level.[2][3][5] It is threatened by habitat loss. Pinsker's hawk-eagle shares with Changeable hawk-eagles in terms of forest habitat. However, as endemic species it occupies the interior forest and high elevations compared with the most commonly distributed N. cirrhatus. This case is also similar with the situation of the Javan hawk-eagle (Nisaetus bartelsi) and endemic hawk eagle in Java Indonesia whereby the endemic species similarly occupies the interior and more elevated forest.

Status and conservation

Based on unpublished data collected by the curators taking care of a captive Pinsker's hawk in Philippine Eagle Conservation Center (Philippine Eagle Foundation), every breeding season the natural pair hawk eagles produces one egg. The incubation takes 47 days, relatively close with the Javan hawk-eagle,[6][7] in some irregular cases, 49 days is the longest ever recorded. Unlike the Philippine eagle which is naturally producing one egg in every two years, the N. pinskeri lays egg every year. The pair rare the young up to five months even in captivity.

After five months the fledgling stage takes place. During this time, the parent hawk eagles will intentionally stop delivering the food within the nest platform, instead to the nearest branch and eventually to the distanced branches to encourage the young for branching and flying in short distances. After flight training the parent hawk eagles will push the young for dispersal and look for its own niche.

Still in captivity, during incubation period only the female hawk eagle will brood the egg. The role of the male is to deliver food to the nest. However, the nest building and nest material collection is a sole responsibility of male. The curators will introduce different kind of twigs and leaves coming from the native tree species in the Malagos watershed. The male eagle will then choose the best material for nest building.

In captivity, copulation takes place four times every day and breeding season starts in early September to October and approximately courtship begun by March.

References
  1. BirdLife International (2016). "Nisaetus pinskeri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22734083A95073986. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22734083A95073986.en.
  2. Gamauf A, Gjershaug JO, Rov N, Kvaly K, Haring E (2005). "Species or subspecies? The dilemma of taxonomic ranking of some South-East Asian hawk-eagles (genus Spizaetus)". Bird Conservation International. 15: 99–117. doi:10.1017/S0959270905000080.
  3. Gamauf A, Preleuthner M & W. Pinsker (1998). "Distribution and field identification of Philippine birds of prey: 1. Philippine Hawk Eagle (Spizaetus philippensis) and Changeable Hawk Eagle (Spizaetus cirrhatus)". Forktail. 14: 1–11.
  4. Preleuthner, M. & Gamauf, A. (1998). "A possible new subspecies of the Philippine Hawk-eagle (Spizaetus philippensis) and its future prospects" (PDF). J. Raptor Res. 32 (2): 126–135.
  5. "Distribution and conservation of the Javan Hawk-eagle Spizaetus bartelsi (PDF Download Available)". ResearchGate. Retrieved 2017-10-26.
  6. "Breeding Biology of Javan Hawk-eagle Spizaetus bartelsi in West Java, Indonesia (PDF Download Available)". ResearchGate. Retrieved 2017-10-26.
  7. "Javan Hawk-eagle Spizaetus bartelsi Stresemann, 1924" (PDF).
  • Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, B.L. Sullivan, C. L. Wood, and D. Roberson. 2011. The Clements checklist of birds of the world: Version 6.6


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