Peter Wust

Peter Wust (28 August 1884, Rissenthal – 3 April 1940, Münster) was a German existentialist philosopher.

Stamp commemorating the tenth anniversary of Wust's death.

Biography

Wust was born the oldest of eleven children in Rissenthal in Saarland. He attended the local public school, then the Friedrich-Wilhelm-Gymnasium, in Trier. Though his parents had hoped he would become a Catholic priest, he decided on studying Geisteswissenschaft. After 1907, Wust pursued German studies, English studies, and philosophy in Berlin and Strasbourg. He taught in Berlin, Neuss, Trier, and Cologne, and earned his doctorate in 1914 from the University of Bonn.[1]

Under the influence of Max Scheler, Wust, originally a neo-Kantian, moved toward Christian existentialism, a development in which the burgeoning Renouveau catholique, the originally French effort to modernize and enlighten traditional, conservative Catholicism, played an important part. In 1928, in Paris, Wust met Georges Bernanos, Paul Claudel, and Jacques Maritain. He developed close friendships with the editors of the Munich-based Catholic monthly Hochland, Carl Muth and Otto Gruendler,[2] maintaining an "intense" correspondence with them and publishing six essays in the magazine between 1922 and 1926.[3]

Wust, without habilitation, was appointed professor of philosophy at the University of Münster. At the same time as Martin Heidegger, he developed an existentialist philosophy, though Wust's was essentially Christian. When Adolf Hitler came to power, Wust, one of the few early readers of Mein Kampf, became active in the church's resistance. He promoted a cultural offensive for Catholic Germany, and based much of his philosophy on what he perceived as the cultural unity of Europe.[1]

He suffered from cancer since 1938 and died at age 56. Only a few days before his death he wrote a farewell letter to his students, which reportedly was widely read at the Eastern Front.

Reception

Founded in 1982, the Peter Wust Society is dedicated to the spiritual heritage of Wust. Its 20th anniversary occasioned a monument to commemorate Ungewissheit und Wagnis.[4] The house in Rissenthal where Wust was born is marked with a plaque. A school is dedicated to him in Münster, as are gymnasiums in Wittlich and Merzig. The Peter Wust Society annually awards a "Little Peter Wust Award" to a graduate from one of the two gymnasiums.

The Catholic Academy of Trier and the Association for Christian Adult Education award a biannual prize, the Peter Wust Prize, for the promotion of European culture and unification. The 2005 winner was the German politician Bernhard Vogel.

Werner Schüßler, philosophy professor at the University of Trier, re-edited Wust's magnum opus, Ungewissheit und Wagnis, in 2002. in einer neuen Bearbeitung herausgegeben (LIT Verlag, Münster).[5] The influence of Wust's philosophy on Paul Klee's student Hubert Berke (1908–1979) was the subject of a 2004-2005 exposition in Merzig, "Von Peter Wust zu Paul Klee - Der Kölner Maler Hubert Berke."[6]

Bibliography

Works by Wust (selection)
  • Abschiedswort (1940)
  • Auferstehung der Metaphysik (1925)
  • Gestalten und Gedanken (1940)
  • Der Mensch und die Philosophie (1934)
  • Rückkehr aus dem Exil (1926)
  • Ungewissheit und Wagnis (1937)
  • Gesammelte Werke Ed. Wilhelm Vernekohl, 10 volumes. Münster: Regensberg-Verlag, 1963–1969

Books on Wust
  • Peter Keller (ed.), Begegnung mit Peter Wust. 26 Autoren im Dialog mit dem christlichen Existenzphilosophen aus dem Saarland. Saarbrücken: Verlag Die Mitte, 1984. ISBN 3-921236-48-7
  • Alexander Lohner, Peter Wust. Münster: Regensberg, 1991, ISBN 3-7923-0601-8
  • Alexander Lohner, Peter Wust. Gewissheit und Wagnis. Paderborn: Schöningh, 1995.
  • Bernhard Scherer, Ein moderner Mystiker. Begegnung mit Peter Wust. Würzburg: Naumann, 1974.
  • Wilhelm Vernekohl, Der Philosoph von Münster. Münster: Regensberg, 1950.
  • Peter Wust und Wilhelm Vernekohl, Briefe und Aufsätze. Münster: Regensberg, 1958.
  • Josef Pieper, Noch wußte es niemand. Autobiographische Aufzeichnungen 1904 - 1945. Munich, 1976. Pp. 152ff.
  • F. Werner Veauthier, Kulturkritik als Aufgabe der Kulturphilosophie. Peter Wusts Bedeutung als Kultur- und Zivilisationskritiker. Heidelberg, 1997.

References
  1. Werner Schüßler (1998). "Wust, Peter". In Bautz, Traugott (ed.). Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL) (in German). 14. Herzberg: Bautz. cols. 193–200. ISBN 3-88309-073-5.
  2. Stephen, Stephen Frederick (1987). Person and polis: Max Scheler's personalism as political theory. SUNY Press. p. 143. ISBN 978-0-88706-340-4.
  3. Blattmann, Ekkehard (2004). "Peter wust und Ernst Robert Curtius". In Ekkehard Blattmann, Frank Werner Veauthier (ed.). Peter Wust: Aspekte seines Denkens : F. Werner Veauthier zum Gedächtnis. LIT Verlag. p. 294. ISBN 978-3-8258-7816-0.
  4. Gedenkstein "Ungewissheit und Wagnis"
  5. Wust, Peter (2002). Werner Schüßler (ed.). Ungewissheit und Wagnis. LIT Verlag. ISBN 978-3-8258-6066-0.
  6. Richard Kreidler, "Der Maler Hubert Berke in Köln 1934-1945." Kölner Museums-Bulletin 2/2004, 4-18.
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