Paparoa

Paparoa is a settlement in Northland, New Zealand. The Paparoa Stream flows from the east, through the settlement, and into the Paparoa Creek to the south, which joins the Arapaoa River which is part of the Kaipara Harbour. State Highway 12 passes through Paparoa. Matakohe is 6 km to the south west, and Maungaturoto is 12 km east.[1][2]

Paparoa
Former National Bank of New Zealand, Paparoa, Northland (now a private residence) Listed Heritage 1 status
Paparoa
Coordinates: 36°5′54″S 174°14′22″E
CountryNew Zealand
RegionNorthland Region
DistrictKaipara District

The New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage gives a translation of "long flats" for Paparoa.[3]

History and culture

European settlement

Paparoa was one of several Kaipara settlements established by a religious group known as Albertlanders. Port Albert near Wellsford was the main settlement, and Matakohe was another.[4] They settled at the Paparoa Block in 1863. The land was burnt off so that corn and grass could be planted.[5]

A road was constructed to the port at Pahi in 1865, and one to Matakohe shortly afterwards.[6] A pottery using local clay and a factory making rope and matting from flax operated in the 1870s, and brick and tile yards were established, but their business suffered from the poor roads and high freight charges. The nearest stores were in Pahi, 6 miles (9.7 km) to the south.[7]

The steamer Minnie Casey connected Paparoa with Helensville on the south side of the Kaipara with a weekly service from 1882, and the S.S. Ethel took over from 1891–95, after which services went only to Matakohe and Pahi.[8] The network of roads in the area were improved in the 1880s and 1890s.[9]

20th century

In the 1890s, Paparoa had 35 families and about 200 people, mostly living along the banks of the Paparoa River. Including Pahi, there were 400 people in the area. By 1906, the population of Paparoa had doubled.[10] Pastoral farming became established in the area, and a dairy factory was opened in Paparoa in January 1895.[11] A branch of a Helensville-based department store was operating in the town in the 1900s.[12]

The North Auckland railway line reached Huarau, to the east of Paparoa, in the early 1920s. A route through Paparoa was planned at one stage but this did not eventuate. The road to Maungaturoto, which passes through Huarau, was metalled in 1922.[13]

Marae

The local Ōtamatea marae and its Aotearoa wharenui are a tribal meeting place for Ngāti Whātua and Te Uri o Hau.[14][15]

Demographics
Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
20061,407—    
20131,482+0.74%
20181,713+2.94%
Source: [16]

The Otamatea (Kaipara District) statistical area, which at 245 square kilometres is much larger than this settlement, surounds but does not include Maungaturoto. Paparoa is close to its western boundary. It had a population of 1,713 at the 2018 New Zealand census, an increase of 231 people (15.6%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 306 people (21.7%) since the 2006 census. There were 687 households. There were 879 males and 834 females, giving a sex ratio of 1.05 males per female. Of the total population, 348 people (20.3%) were aged up to 15 years, 234 (13.7%) were 15 to 29, 744 (43.4%) were 30 to 64, and 387 (22.6%) were 65 or older. Figures may not add up to the total due to rounding.

Ethnicities were 90.7% European/Pākehā, 17.0% Māori, 2.5% Pacific peoples, 1.4% Asian, and 1.4% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.

The percentage of people born overseas was 12.3, compared with 27.1% nationally.

Although some people objected to giving their religion, 50.3% had no religion, 37.8% were Christian, and 4.7% had other religions.

Of those at least 15 years old, 147 (10.8%) people had a bachelor or higher degree, and 309 (22.6%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $23,600. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 555 (40.7%) people were employed full-time, 246 (18.0%) were part-time, and 51 (3.7%) were unemployed.[16]

Notable people

Education

Paparoa School is a coeducational contributing primary (years 1-6) school with a roll of 43 students as of March 2020.[20][21] The school was established in 1870,[22] and had a roll ranging from 27 to 42 students up to 1899.[23]

Notes
  1. Peter Dowling, ed. (2004). Reed New Zealand Atlas. Reed Books. pp. map 7. ISBN 0-7900-0952-8.
  2. Roger Smith, GeographX (2005). The Geographic Atlas of New Zealand. Robbie Burton. pp. map 30. ISBN 1-877333-20-4.
  3. "1000 Māori place names". New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage. 6 August 2019.
  4. Sir Henry Brett and Henry Hook (1927). The Albertlanders: Brave Pioneers of the 'Sixties. p. 234.
  5. Ryburn, Wayne (1999). Tall Spars, Steamers & Gum. pp. 19, 20. ISBN 0-473-06176-7.
  6. Ryburn, pp 35-36
  7. Ryburn, pp 48-49, 60
  8. Ryburn, p 75, 79
  9. Ryburn, pp 89-92
  10. Ryburn, pp 54, 62, 64, 69
  11. Ryburn, p 64
  12. Ryburn, p 70
  13. Ryburn, pp 184-185, 190
  14. "Te Kāhui Māngai directory". tkm.govt.nz. Te Puni Kōkiri.
  15. "Māori Maps". maorimaps.com. Te Potiki National Trust.
  16. "Statistical area 1 dataset for 2018 Census". Statistics New Zealand. March 2020. Otamatea (Kaipara District) (109500). 2018 Census place summary: Otamatea (Kaipara District)
  17. "Alex Tait". Cricket Online. Archived from the original on 2011-07-08. Retrieved 2008-03-02.
  18. "Wright, James 1819 - 1887". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography.
  19. "Sam Hunt: The last outlaw poet". Stuff. Retrieved 2018-08-11.
  20. "New Zealand Schools Directory". New Zealand Ministry of Education. Retrieved 26 April 2020.
  21. Education Counts: Paparoa School
  22. Constance Rose Rountree, Ruth Smellie (1970). Paparoa School Centennial 1870-1970. Paparoa School Centennial Committee.
  23. Ryburn, pp 45, 222
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