Organization of Mozambican Women

The Organization of Mozambican Women (Portuguese: Organização da Mulher Moçambicana OMM) is the women's section of FRELIMO. Founded in 1973, during the Mozambican War of Independence, in recognition of women's growing roles in the conflict against Portuguese colonialism, the OMM was created as a non-military structure to promote women's education, emancipation and mobilization.[1][2] Following independence in 1975, the OMM focussed on issues related to women's education, ethnic division, divorce, family planning, amantismo (adultery and promiscuity), prostitution, and alcoholism. In 1990, the OMM voted to separate from FRELIMO, although shortly thereafter, the organization re-affiliated.[3]

OMM
Organization of Mozambican Women
Organização da Mulher Moçambicana
FormationMarch 16, 1973 (1973-03-16)
Secretary General
Mariazinha Niquice

Origins

Women's participation in the armed struggle against Portuguese colonialism beginning in the 1960s has been described as "massive" and led to the formation of a women's detachment in the People's Forces for the Liberation of Mozambique in 1967.[4][5]

Secretaries General
  • Deolinda Guezimane (1973–1976)
  • Salomé Moiane (1977–1990)
  • Teresa Tembo (1990–1996)
  • Paulina Mateus Nkunda (1996–2011)
  • Muania Mussa (2011)
  • Amélia Franklin (2011–2013)
  • Maria de Fátima Muanza Pelembe (2013–2016)
  • Mariazinha Niquice (2016–current)

References
  1. Arnfred, Signe (September 1988). "Women in Mozambique: gender struggle and gender politics". Review of African Political Economy. 15 (41): 5–16. doi:10.1080/03056248808703759.
  2. Hansen, Helena; Hansen, Ragnar; Gjerstad, Ole; Sarazin, Chantal (1985). "THE ORGANIZATION OF MOZAMBICAN WOMEN (A ORGANIZACAO MULHER MOCAMBICANA/OMM)". Journal of Eastern African Research & Development. 15: 230–244. ISSN 0251-0405.
  3. Darch, Colin (2019). Historical Dictionary of Mozambique. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 299. ISBN 978-1-5381-1135-2.
  4. Machel, Samora (1975). "The People's Republic of Mozambique: The Struggle Continues". Review of African Political Economy (4): 17. ISSN 0305-6244.
  5. Arnfred, Signe (1988-09-01). "Women in Mozambique: gender struggle and gender politics". Review of African Political Economy. 15 (41): 5. doi:10.1080/03056248808703759. ISSN 0305-6244.
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