Numerius Fabius Ambustus
Numerius Fabius Ambustus was an ancient Roman commander who was the son of Marcus Fabius Ambustus, and brother to Caeso and Quintus. In 406 BC, he and his forces captured the Volscian city of Anxur (modern Terracina) by securing the high ground above the town, from which they were able to launch attacks against its walls. When the town's defenders attempted to respond to these harassing attacks, the remainder of Numerius' forces used escalade to scale the walls and enter the town. After the victory, his forces began to torture the inhabitants of the city in retaliation for the Volscian massacre of the Roman garrison at Verruga in which the Roman prisoners had been horribly tortured. Numerius eventually showed mercy, and around 2500 Volscians were permitted to surrender with their lives.[1]
Numerius was consular tribune in 406 BC,[2] and again in 390.[3] It was in his second consulship that he and his two brothers were sent as ambassador to the Gauls who were besieging Clusium. During this mission he participated in an attack against the besieging Gauls. The Gauls demanded that the three should be surrendered to them for violating the law of nations. When the Roman Senate refused to give up the guilty parties, the Gauls marched against Rome, which they sacked after the battle of the Allia.[4][5]
Many scholars believe the entire story of the events at Clusium to be fiction, as Clusium had no real reason to appeal to Rome for help, and the Gauls needed no real provocation to sack Rome. The story, it is hypothesized, exists to provide an explanation for an otherwise unmotivated attack on Rome, and to depict Rome as a bulwark of Italy against the Gauls.[6]
His son was Marcus Fabius Ambustus (consul 360 BC)[3] and possibly Gaius Fabius Ambustus (consul 358 BC).[7]
See also
- Ambustus, for other men with the same cognomen
- Fabius Ambustus, for other men who used the same combination of gens name and cognomen
- Fabia (gens), for a comprehensive list of gens members
References
- Kern, Paul Bentley (1999). Ancient Siege Warfare. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press. pp. 252, 332. ISBN 0-253-33546-9. OCLC 40534401.
- Livy, Ab Urbe Condita iv. 58
- Smith, William (1867). "Ambustus (4)". In William Smith (ed.). Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology. 1. Boston: Little, Brown and Company. p. 141.
- Livy, Ab Urbe Condita v. 35, 36, 41
- Plut. Cam. 17
- Drummond, Andrew (1996), "Fabius Ambustus, Quintus", in Hornblower, Simon; Spawforth, Anthony (eds.), Oxford Classical Dictionary (3rd ed.), Oxford: Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-521693-8, OCLC 45857759
- Broughton, vol i, pp. 121, note. 1
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William, ed. (1870). "Ambustus (4)". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology. 1. p. 141.
| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Lucius Furius Medullinus, Gaius Valerius Potitus Volusus II, Numerius Fabius Vibulanus II, and Gaius Servilius Ahala II |
Consular Tribune of the Roman Republic 406 BC with Publius Cornelius Rutilus Cossus, Gnaeus Cornelius Cossus, and Lucius Valerius Potitus II |
Succeeded by Titus Quinctius Capitolinus Barbatus, Aulus Manlius Vulso Capitolinus, Quintus Quinctius Cincinnatus II, Lucius Furius Medullinus II, Gaius Iulius Iullus II, and Manius Aemilius Mamercinus |
| Preceded by Lucius Lucretius Tricipitinus Flavus, Lucius Furius Medullinus VII Servius Sulpicius Camerinus, Agrippa Furius Fusus, Lucius Aemilius Mamercinus, and Gaius Aemilius Mamercinus II |
Consular Tribune of the Roman Republic 390 BC with Quintus Sulpicius Longus, Caeso Fabius Ambustus IV, Quintus Servilius Fidenas IV, Quintus Fabius Ambustus, and Publius Cornelius Maluginensis IV |
Succeeded by Lucius Valerius Potitus Poplicola II, Aulus Manlius Capitolinus, Lucius Verginius Tricostus Esquilinus, Lucius Aemilius Mamercinus II, Publius Cornelius, and Lucius Postumius Albinus Regillensis |