Nicrophorus vespillo

Nicrophorus vespillo is a burying beetle described by Carl Linnaeus in his landmark 1758 10th edition of Systema Naturae. It is has a paleartic distribution and is commonly found across Europe and Asia, extending from Western Europe to Mongolia.[1]

Nicrophorus vespillo
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Coleoptera
Family: Silphidae
Genus: Nicrophorus
Species:
N. vespillo
Binomial name
Nicrophorus vespillo
Synonyms
  • Dermestes vespillo, Scopoli, 1763
  • Necrophagus spinipes, Leach, 1815
  • Nicrophorus bifasciatus, Hausmann, 1799
  • N. cadaverinus, Gravenhorst, 1807
  • N. curvipes, Duftschmid, 1825
  • N. hadenius, Gistel, 1857
  • N. hauseri, Hlisnikovský, 1932
  • N. interruptus cadaverinus, Gaubil, 1849
  • N. vespillo bohemicus, Roubal, 1939
  • N. v. bolsmanni, Westhoff, 1881
  • N. v. fauveli, Fauconnet, 1893
  • N. v. minor, Westhoff, 1881
  • N. v. varendorffi, Westhoff, 1881
  • N. vespillonem, Matzek, 1839
  • N. vespillonis, Matzek, 1839
  • N. vulgaris, Fabricius, 1775
  • Silpha vespillo, Linnaeus, 1758

Description

These are large beetles, from 12 to 25 mm in length and fly strongly. The beetles have two striking orange-yellow bands on the wing-cases. They are distinguished from others in the genus by the long golden hairs on the body and wing-cases as well as the orange club-shaped ends of the antennae and the shape of the hind legs.[2]

Reproduction

They live on and lay eggs near carrion. The beetles reproduce from May to September, with both parents participating in preparations and care of the offspring. The parents will excavate beneath suitable small animal corpses, also covering it with the soil, so that it becomes buried and ready for the female to lay eggs. They may move the body to a more suitable location prior to burial. [3] Burial can take place within a day for a small animal like a mouse. After burial they remove hair or feathers and shape the carcass into a ball within a small underground space. Eggs are laid in the soil around the chamber. Once the young beetles hatch as larvae, both parents will feed and protect for them. This care continues for at least 10 days and is up to 30 days earlier in the season when temperatures are cooler and the young develop more slowly. The young will consume the corpse directly and also eat pre-digested food regurgitated by their parents. The final stage in their development is to pupate in the soil and then emerge as adult beetles. Pupae formed towards the end of the breeding season may spend the winter in hibernation and emerge as juvenile beetles the following spring. [4]

Nicrophorus vespillo on a mole carcass

References
  1. Sikes, Derek S.; Madge, Ronald B.; Newton, Alfred F. (29 August 2002). "A catalog of the Nicrophorinae (Coleoptera: Silphidae) of the world" (PDF). Zootaxa. 65 (1). Retrieved 10 September 2006.
  2. "Nicrophorus vespillo". NatureSpot- recording the wildlife of Leicestershire and Rutland. Retrieved 16 August 2020.
  3. "Burying beetle". Buglife. Retrieved 16 August 2020.
  4. Meierhofer, Inge; Schwartz, Horst H.; Müller, Josef K. (2001). "Seasonal variation in parental care, offspring development, and reproductive success in the burying beetle, Nicrophorus vespillo". Ecological Entomology. 24 (1): 73–79. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2311.1999.00172.x. Retrieved 16 August 2020.


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