Newton Martin Curtis

Newton Martin Curtis (May 21, 1835 – January 8, 1910) was a Union officer during the American Civil War and a member of the United States House of Representatives from New York.

Newton Martin Curtis
Chairman of the United States House Committee on the Election of the President, Vice President and Representatives in Congress
In office 1895–1897
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New York's 22nd district
In office November 3, 1891 – March 3, 1897
Preceded by	Leslie W. Russell
Succeeded by	Lucius Littauer
New York State Assembly (St. Lawrence Co., 1st D.)
In office 1884–1890
Personal details
Born	May 21, 1835 De Peyster, New York
Died	January 8, 1910 (aged 74) New York City, New York
Political party	Republican
Military service
Allegiance	United States of America Union
Branch/service	United States Army Union Army
Years of service	1861–1866
Rank	Brigadier General Brevet Major General
Unit	16th New York Infantry
Commands	142nd New York Volunteer Infantry 1st Brigade, 2nd Division, X Corps
Battles/wars	American Civil War
Awards	Medal of Honor

Early life

Curtis was born in De Peyster, New York. Upon graduating from the Gouverneur Wesleyan Seminary, Curtis became a teacher, lawyer, and postmaster of De Peyster. In the year prior to the Civil War, he was working as a farmer.

Curtis stood an impressive 6' 7" tall and weighed 225 pounds. His enormous size for the time period prompted even Abraham Lincoln to quip, "Mr. Curtis, how do you know when your feet are cold?" His stature became an issue of concern to his family when the Civil War began as they felt he would surely be an easy target for enemy bullets.[1]

Civil War

On May 15, 1861, Curtis volunteered in the Union Army as a captain in Company G of the 16th New York Infantry. He fought in the Peninsula Campaign and was wounded in a minor engagement at West Point, Virginia. On October 23, 1862, he transferred to the 142nd New York Volunteer Infantry, serving as lieutenant colonel until his promotion to colonel on January 21, 1865. As commander of the 142nd New York Infantry, he fought in the Bermuda Hundred Campaign of May 1864. He took command of the 1st Brigade, 2nd Division, X Corps, during the Siege of Petersburg. Curtis received a brevet promotion to brigadier general on October 28, 1864, for his actions at the Battle of New Market Heights.

His brigade became part of the expedition against Fort Fisher in December 1864. Curtis' brigade was among the few troops to go ashore yet the first attack against Fort Fisher was defeated. He took part in the second attack in January 1865, in which his brigade played a key role in the Union victory. During the fighting a suggestion of entrenching reached Curtis. He angrily grabbed a handful of shovels and threw them over the traverse shouting "Dig Johnnies! I'm coming for you!"[2] Curtis made good on his promise and continued the attack. He was wounded at the head of his brigade and received a full promotion to brigadier general of volunteers and was also received the Medal of Honor. He remained in the army until January 1866, receiving a brevet to major general of volunteers on March 13, 1865.

Political career

After the war, Curtis was a collector of customs in the district of Oswegatchie, New York, in 1866 and then a Special Agent for the United States Treasury Department from 1867 until 1880. He was in the Department of Justice from 1880 until 1882. He was a member of the New York State Assembly (St. Lawrence Co., 1st D.) in 1884, 1885, 1886, 1887, 1888, 1889 and 1890.

Curtis was elected as a Republican to the 52nd Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Leslie W. Russell. He was re-elected to the 53rd and 54th Congresses, holding office from November 3, 1891, to March 3, 1897. He was Chairman of the House Committee on the Election of the President, Vice President and Representatives in Congress (54th Congress).

Later life and legacy

He wrote a book titled From Bull Run to Chancellorsville, published in 1906. In 1910, he was the assistant inspector general of the National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers. He died in New York City and is buried at Ogdensburg Cemetery in Ogdensburg, New York, where a statue stands in his honor.

The General Newton Martin Curtis Camp #142 of the Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War was named for Curtis.

Medal of Honor citation

At the Second Battle of Fort Fisher: the first man to pass through the stockade, he personally led each assault on the traverses and was 4 times wounded.

See also

• List of American Civil War Medal of Honor recipients: A–F
• List of American Civil War generals (Union)

References

• Eicher, John H., and Eicher, David J., Civil War High Commands, Stanford University Press, 2001, ISBN 0-8047-3641-3.
• Fonvielle, Jr., Chris E. Last Rays of Departing Hope:The Wilmington Campaign. Campbell, CA.: Savas Publishing Company, 1997. ISBN 1-882810-09-0

• United States Congress. "Newton Martin Curtis (id: C001012)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved on 2008-02-24

1. Fonvielle p.145
2. "NC Historic Sites". Archived from the original on 2011-08-11. Retrieved 2011-04-02.

External links

• "Newton Martin Curtis". Claim to Fame: Medal of Honor recipients. Find a Grave. Retrieved July 26, 2010.