New Jersey's at-large congressional district

Beginning from its inception into statehood, New Jersey elected its representatives at-large instead of from individual districts. This continued for most years until 1843, with the exception of the years 1799-1801, and 1813-1815 when they were elected in districts. After 1843, New Jersey returned to district representation. Four at-large representatives were elected in 1789 until 1793 when a 5th representative was added. 6 seats were allocated beginning in 1803, continuing until at-large representation ceased in 1843.

List of members representing the district
Cong
ress		 Years Seat A Seat B Seat C Seat D Seat E Seat F
Rep. Party Electoral history Rep. Party Electoral history Rep. Party Electoral history Rep. Party Electoral history Rep. Party Electoral history Rep. Party Electoral history
1st March 4, 1789 –
March 3, 1791
Elias Boudinot		 Pro-Admin. Elected in 1789.
Re-elected in 1791.
Re-elected in 1792.
Retired.		 Thomas Sinnickson Pro-Admin. Elected in 1789.
Lost re-election.
James Schureman		 Pro-Admin. Elected in 1789.
Lost re-election.
Lambert Cadwalader		 Pro-Admin. Elected in 1789.
Lost re-election.		 Seat created in 1793 Seat created in 1803
2nd March 4, 1791 –
March 3, 1793
Abraham Clark		 Pro-Admin. Elected in 1791.
Re-elected in 1792.
Died.
Jonathan Dayton		 Pro-Admin. Elected in 1791.
Re-elected in 1792.
Re-elected in 1794.
Re-elected in 1797.
Redistricted to the 3rd district and retired to run for U.S. Senator.		 Aaron Kitchell Pro-Admin. Elected in 1791.
Lost re-election.
3rd March 4, 1793 –
September 15, 1794
Lambert Cadwalader		 Pro-Admin. Elected in 1792.
Lost re-election.
John Beatty		 Pro-Admin. Elected in 1792.
Lost re-election.
September 15, 1794 –
January 29, 1795		 Vacant
January 29, 1795 –
March 3, 1795		 Aaron Kitchell Pro-Admin. Elected in 1794 and elected to finish Clark's term.
Lost re-election.
4th March 4, 1795 –
March 3, 1797		 Thomas Henderson Fed. Elected in 1794.
Lost re-election.		 Fed. Fed. Isaac Smith Fed. Elected in 1794.
Retired.		 Mark Thomson Fed. Elected in 1794.
Re-elected in 1797.
Redistricted to the 2nd district and lost re-election.
5th March 4, 1797 –
March 3, 1799
James Schureman		 Fed. Elected in 1797.
Redistricted to the 5th district and lost re-election.		 James H. Imlay Fed. Elected in 1797.
Redistricted to the 4th district and re-elected.		 Thomas Sinnickson Fed. Elected in 1797.
Redistricted to the 5th district.
but unknown if then retired or lost.
6th March 4, 1799–
March 3, 1801		 District representation only District representation only District representation only District representation only District representation only
7th March 4, 1801 –
March 3, 1803
John Condit		 Dem.-Rep. Redistricted from the 1st district and re-elected in 1800.
Retired to run for U.S. senator.		 Ebenezer Elmer Dem.-Rep. Elected in 1800.
Re-elected in 1803.
Re-elected in 1804.
Lost re-election.		 William Helms Dem.-Rep. Elected in 1800.
Re-elected in 1803.
Re-elected in 1804.
Re-elected in 1806.
Re-elected in 1808.
Retired.		 James Mott Dem.-Rep. Elected in 1800.
Re-elected in 1803.
Retired.		 Henry Southard Dem.-Rep. Elected in 1800.
Re-elected in 1803.
Re-elected in 1804.
Re-elected in 1806.
Re-elected in 1808.
Retired.
8th March 4, 1803 –
March 3, 1805		 Adam Boyd Dem.-Rep. Elected in 1803.
Retired.		 James Sloan Dem.-Rep. Elected in 1803.
Re-elected in 1804.
Re-elected in 1806.
Retired.
9th March 4, 1805 –
March 3, 1807		 Ezra Darby Dem.-Rep. Elected in 1804.
Re-elected in 1806.
Died.
John Lambert		 Dem.-Rep. Elected in 1804.
Re-elected in 1806.
Retired.
10th March 4, 1807 –
January 27, 1808		 Thomas Newbold Dem.-Rep. Elected in 1806.
Re-elected in 1808.
Re-elected in 1810.
Retired.
January 27, 1808 –
March 8, 1808		 Vacant
March 8, 1808 –
March 3, 1809		 Adam Boyd Dem.-Rep. Elected to finish Darby's term.
Re-elected in 1808.
Re-elected in 1810.
Redistricted to the 1st district and lost re-election.
11th March 4, 1809 –
September 12, 1810		 James Cox Dem.-Rep. Elected in 1808.
Died.		 Jacob Hufty Dem.-Rep. Elected in 1808.
Re-elected in 1810.
Redistricted to the 3rd district and re-elected in 1813.
Died May 20, 1814.
September 12, 1810 –
October 31, 1810		 Vacant
October 31, 1810 –
March 3, 1811		 John A. Scudder Dem.-Rep. Elected to finish Cox's term.
Retired.
12th March 4, 1811 –
March 3, 1813		 Lewis Condict Dem.-Rep. Elected in 1810.
Redistricted to the 1st district and re-elected in 1813.		 George C. Maxwell Dem.-Rep. Elected in 1810.
Retired.		 James Morgan Dem.-Rep. Elected in 1810.
Redistricted to the 2nd district and lost re-election.
13th March 4, 1813–
March 3, 1815		 District representation only District representation only District representation only District representation only District representation only District representation only
14th March 4, 1815 –
March 3, 1817		 Ezra Baker Dem.-Rep. Elected in 1814.
Retired.
Ephraim Bateman		 Dem.-Rep. Elected in 1814.
Re-elected in 1816.
Re-elected in 1818.
Re-elected in 1820.
Retired.		 Thomas Ward Dem.-Rep. Redistricted from the 1st district and re-elected in 1814.
Retired.		 Benjamin Bennet Dem.-Rep. Elected in 1814.
Re-elected in 1816.
Lost re-election.		 Henry Southard Dem.-Rep. Elected in 1814.
Re-elected in 1816.
Re-elected in 1818.
Retired.		 Lewis Condict Dem.-Rep. Redistricted from the 1st district and re-elected in 1814.
Retired.
15th March 4, 1817 –
March 3, 1819
Joseph Bloomfield		 Dem.-Rep. Elected in 1816.
Re-elected in 1818.
Retired.		 Charles Kinsey Dem.-Rep. Elected in 1816.
Lost re-election.		 John Linn Dem.-Rep. Elected in 1816.
Re-elected in 1818.
Re-elected in 1820.
Died.
16th March 4, 1819 –
November 4, 1819
John Condit		 Dem.-Rep. Elected in 1818.
Resigned to become assistant collector of the Port of New York.		 Bernard Smith Dem.-Rep. Elected in 1818.
Retired.
November 4, 1819 –
February 2, 1820		 Vacant
February 2, 1820 –
January 5, 1821		 Charles Kinsey Dem.-Rep. Elected to finish Condit's term and seated February 16, 1820.
Retired.
January 5, 1821 –
March 3, 1821		 Vacant
17th March 4, 1821 –
December 3, 1821		 George Cassedy Dem.-Rep.[lower-alpha 1] Elected in 1820.
Re-elected in 1822.
Re-elected in 1824.
Lost re-election.		 George Holcombe Dem.-Rep.[lower-alpha 1] Elected in 1820.
Re-elected in 1822.
Re-elected in 1824.
Re-elected in 1826.
Died.		 James Matlack Dem.-Rep.[lower-alpha 2] Elected in 1820.
Re-elected in 1822.
Retired.		 Samuel Swan Dem.-Rep.[lower-alpha 1] Elected in 1820.
Re-elected in 1822.
Re-elected in 1824.
Re-elected in 1826.
Re-elected in 1828.
Retired.
December 3, 1821 –
March 3, 1823		 Lewis Condict Dem.-Rep.[lower-alpha 1] Elected October 8, 1821 to finish Linn's term and seated December 3, 1821.
Re-elected in 1822.
Re-elected in 1824.
Re-elected in 1826.
Re-elected in 1828.
Re-elected in 1830.
Retired.
18th March 4, 1823 –
March 3, 1825		 Daniel Garrison Dem.-Rep.[lower-alpha 1] Elected in 1822.
Re-elected in 1824.
Lost re-election.
19th March 4, 1825 –
March 3, 1827		 Jack. Jack. Jack. Ebenezer Tucker Anti-Jack. Elected in 1824.
Re-elected in 1826.
Retired.		 Anti-Jack. Anti-Jack.
20th March 4, 1827 –
January 14, 1828		 Isaac Pierson Anti-Jack. Elected in 1826.
Re-elected in 1828.
Lost re-election.		 Hedge Thompson Anti-Jack. Elected in 1826.
Died.
January 14, 1828 –
July 23, 1828		 Vacant
July 23, 1828 –
December 1, 1828		 Vacant
December 1, 1828 –
March 3, 1829		 Thomas Sinnickson Anti-Jack. Elected November 4, 1828 only to finish Thompson's term and seated December 1, 1828.
Was not a candidate to the next term.		 James F. Randolph Anti-Jack. Elected November 4, 1828 to finish Holcombe's term and seated December 1, 1828.
Also elected the same day to the next term.
Re-elected in 1830.
Retired.
21st March 4, 1829 –
March 3, 1831		 Richard M. Cooper Anti-Jack. Elected in 1828.
Re-elected in 1830.
Retired.		 Thomas H. Hughes Anti-Jack. Elected in 1828.
Re-elected in 1830.
Retired.
22nd March 4, 1831 –
March 3, 1833		 Silas Condit Anti-Jack. Elected in 1830.
Retired.		 Isaac Southard Anti-Jack. Elected in 1830.
Lost re-election.
23rd March 4, 1833 –
March 3, 1835
Philemon Dickerson		 Jack. Elected in 1832.
Re-elected in 1834.
Resigned to become Governor of New Jersey.
Samuel Fowler		 Jack. Elected in 1832.
Re-elected in 1834.
Retired.		 Thomas Lee Jack. Elected in 1832.
Re-elected in 1834.
Retired.		 James Parker Jack. Elected in 1832.
Re-elected in 1834.
Retired.		 Ferdinand S. Schenck Jack. Elected in 1832.
Re-elected in 1834.
Retired.		 William N. Shinn Jack. Elected in 1832.
Re-elected in 1834.
Retired.
24th March 4, 1835 –
November 3, 1836
November 3, 1836 –
December 5, 1836		 Vacant
December 5, 1836 –
March 3, 1837		 William Chetwood Jack. Elected November 15–16, 1836 to finish Dickerson's term and seated December 5, 1836.
Did not run for the next term.
25th March 4, 1837 –
March 3, 1839		 John B. Aycrigg Whig Elected in 1836.
Re-elected, but not permitted to qualify.[lower-alpha 3]		 William Halstead Whig Elected in 1836.
Re-elected, but the House declined to seat him. [lower-alpha 3]		 John P.B. Maxwell Whig Elected in 1836.
Re-elected, but the House declined to seat him.[lower-alpha 3]		 Joseph F. Randolph Whig Elected in 1836.
Re-elected in 1838.
Re-elected in 1840.
Retired.
Charles C. Stratton		 Whig Elected in 1836.
Re-elected, but the House declined to seat him.[lower-alpha 3]		 Thomas J. Yorke Whig Elected in 1836.
Re-elected, but the House declined to seat him.[lower-alpha 3]
26th March 4, 1839 –
March 3, 1841
Philemon Dickerson		 Dem. Elected in 1838.
Lost re-election.		 William R. Cooper Dem. Elected in 1838.
Retired.		 Joseph Kille Dem. Elected in 1838.
Retired.		 Daniel B. Ryall Dem. Elected in 1838.
Retired.
Peter D. Vroom		 Dem. Elected in 1838.
Lost re-election.
27th March 4, 1841 –
March 3, 1843		 John B. Aycrigg Whig Elected in 1840.
Retired.		 William Halstead Whig Elected in 1840.
Retired.		 John P.B. Maxwell Whig Elected in 1840.
Retired.
Charles C. Stratton		 Whig Elected in 1840.
Retired.		 Thomas J. Yorke Whig Elected in 1840.
Retired.

References
  1. Supported the Jackson faction in the 1824 United States presidential election.
  2. Supported the Adams-Clay faction in the 1824 United States presidential election.
  3. See Broad Seal War
    • Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
    • Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
    • Congressional Biographical Directory of the United States 1774–present
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