Nervilia holochila

Nervilia holochila, commonly known as the ribbed shield orchid,[2] is a small terrestrial orchid found in northern Australia. It has up to six pink, greenish or cream-coloured, short-lived flowers with a pink to mauve labellum. A dark green, egg-shaped leaf emerges at the base of the flowering stem after flowering.

Ribbed shield orchid
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Epidendroideae
Genus: Nervilia
Species:
N. holochila
Binomial name
Nervilia holochila
Synonyms[1]
  • Pogonia holochila F.Muell.

Description

Nervilia holochila is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, sympodial herb which grows in colonies with only a few individuals producing flowers in any one year. Up to six pink, greenish or cream-coloured flowers 20–30 mm (0.8–1 in) long and wide are borne on a flowering stem 150–250 mm (6–10 in) tall. The sepals are 20–25 mm (0.8–1 in) long and about 3 mm (0.1 in) wide and the petals are similar but slightly shorter. The labellum is pink to mauve, 18–24 mm (0.7–0.9 in) long, 10–14 mm (0.4–0.6 in) wide with a wavy edge and dark hairy veins. The flowers only last for a few days, following which a single leaf develops, including on those plants that did not flower. The leaf is erect and dark green, 150–200 mm (6–8 in) long, 50–70 mm (2–3 in) wide and broadly egg-shaped with a stalk, 30–50 mm (1–2 in) long. Flowering occurs between November and December.[2][3]

Taxonomy and naming

The ribbed shield orchid was first formally described in 1866 by Ferdinand von Mueller who gave it the namePogonia holochila and published the description in Fragmenta phytographiae Australiae.[4][5] In 1906 Rudolf Schlechter changed the name to Nervilia holochila.[6] The specific epithet (holochila) is derived from the ancient Greek words holos (ὅλος) meaning "whole" and cheilos (χεῖλος) meaning "lip".[7]

Distribution and habitat

The ribbed shield orchid occurs in the northern Kimberley region of Western Australia, northern parts of the Northern Territory, on the Cape York Peninsula as far south as Bowen and on some of the islands in the Torres Strait. It grows in forest, on rainforest margins and around swamps.[2][3][8][9]

References
  1. "Nervilia holochila". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  2. Jones, David L. (2006). A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: New Holland. p. 282. ISBN 1877069124.
  3. "Nervilia holochila". Trin keys: Australian Tropical Rainforest Orchids. Retrieved 17 August 2018.
  4. "Pogonia holochila". APNI. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
  5. von Mueller, Ferdinand (1866). Fragmenta phytographiae Australiae. Melbourne. pp. 200–201. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
  6. "Nervilia holochila". APNI. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
  7. Backer, C.A. (1936). Verklarend woordenboek der wetenschappelijke namen van de in Nederland en Nederlandsch-Indië in het wild groeiende en in tuinen en parken gekweekte varens en hoogere planten (Edition Nicoline van der Sijs).
  8. "Nervilia holochila". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.
  9. "Nervilia holochila". Northern Territory flora online. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
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