National DNA Data Bank of Canada

The National DNA Data Bank of Canada (NDDB) is a national DNA Database that was set up in 2000. Managed by the RCMP, it provide matches to convicted offenders and offer a memory repository for cold cases.[1]

History

The first DNA analysis in Canada for investigative purposes was in April of 1989. The RCMP utilized the method to aid in the investigation of a sexual assault in Ottawa, Ontario. The suspect in the case denied allegations made by the victim. Subsequent use of DNA forensic analysis confirmed the suspect to be the perpetrator.[2]

In 1995, Bill C-104 was unanimously passed by the parliament. This enabled provincial court judges to issue police warrants for obtaining biological samples from suspects in a criminal investigation.[3]

In 1998, the DNA Identification Act was enacted by the parliament. The Act established a new law governing the creation and administration of a national DNA database. It updated the Criminal Code to allow a judge to authorize collection of bodily substances from a person found guilty of designated offences. Same year, after the Swissair Flight 111 disaster, a special DNA typing task force led by the RCMP used the technology to help identify human remains.[4]

In 2000, National DNA Data Bank was officially launched. The legislation enabled this time, allowed military judges to make post-conviction DNA data bank orders.[5]

National Missing Persons DNA Program

National Missing Persons DNA Program (NMPDP) is an initiative established by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police in 2018 to support missing persons and unidentified remains investigations. The database currently holds about 500,000 DNA profiles.[6][7]

References
  1. Milot, Emmanuel; Lecomte, Marie; Germain, Hugo; Crispino, Frank (2013). "The National DNA Data Bank of Canada: a Quebecer perspective". Frontiers in Genetics. 4. doi:10.3389/fgene.2013.00249. ISSN 1664-8021.
  2. February 18, Blair Crawford Updated:; 2015 (2015-02-19). "A primer on DNA forensics | Ottawa Citizen". Retrieved 2020-03-03.CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  3. "Government Bill (House of Commons) C-104 (35-1) - Royal Assent - An Act to amend the Criminal Code and the Young Offenders Act (forensic DNA analysis) - Parliament of Canada". www.parl.ca. Retrieved 2020-03-03.
  4. Government of Canada, Royal Canadian Mounted Police (2001-04-22). "History". www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca. Retrieved 2020-03-03.
  5. Section, Government of Canada; Department of Justice; Criminal Law Policy (2002-07-29). "Department of Justice - Introduction - DNA Data Bank Legislation - Consultation Paper 2002". www.justice.gc.ca. Retrieved 2020-03-03.
  6. "Man found dead in Calgary the first to be identified using National Missing Persons DNA Program". Global News. Retrieved 2019-11-27.
  7. Staff, CTVNews ca. "National Missing Persons DNA Program used for first time to identify man found dead in Calgary". The Loop. Retrieved 2019-11-27.
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