NFS1

Cysteine desulfurase, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NFS1 gene.[5][6][7]

NFS1
Identifiers
Aliases	NFS1, IscS, NIFS, HUSSY-08, NFS1 cysteine desulfurase, cysteine desulfurase
External IDs	OMIM: 603485 MGI: 1316706 HomoloGene: 5463 GeneCards: NFS1
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 20 (human)[1] Band 20q11.22 Start 35,668,052 bp[1] End 35,699,355 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 2 (mouse)[2] Band 2|2 H1 Start 156,123,639 bp[2] End 156,144,186 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function • transferase activity • protein homodimerization activity • iron-sulfur cluster binding • metal ion binding • GO:0001948 protein binding • catalytic activity • pyridoxal phosphate binding • cysteine desulfurase activity Cellular component • cytosol • nucleoplasm • cell nucleus • cytoplasm • mitochondrion • mitochondrial matrix Biological process • molybdopterin cofactor biosynthetic process • [2Fe-2S cluster assembly] • Mo-molybdopterin cofactor biosynthetic process • sulfur amino acid metabolic process • small molecule metabolic process • iron incorporation into metallo-sulfur cluster • macromolecular complex assembly • iron-sulfur cluster assembly Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	9054	18041
Ensembl	ENSG00000244005	ENSMUSG00000027618
UniProt	Q9Y697	Q9Z1J3
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001198989 NM_021100 NM_181679	NM_010911
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001185918 NP_066923	NP_035041
Location (UCSC)	Chr 20: 35.67 – 35.7 Mb	Chr 2: 156.12 – 156.14 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Iron-sulfur clusters are required for the function of many cellular enzymes. The protein encoded by this gene supplies inorganic sulfur to these clusters by removing the sulfur from cysteine, creating alanine in the process. This gene uses alternate in-frame translation initiation sites to generate mitochondrial forms and cytoplasmic/nuclear forms. Selection of the alternative initiation sites is determined by the cytosolic pH. The encoded protein belongs to the class-V family of pyridoxal phosphate-dependent aminotransferases.[7]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000244005 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000027618 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Land T, Rouault TA (Jan 1999). "Targeting of a human iron-sulfur cluster assembly enzyme, nifs, to different subcellular compartments is regulated through alternative AUG utilization". Mol Cell. 2 (6): 807–15. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(00)80295-6. PMID 9885568.
6. Biederbick A, Stehling O, Rosser R, Niggemeyer B, Nakai Y, Elsasser HP, Lill R (Jul 2006). "Role of human mitochondrial Nfs1 in cytosolic iron-sulfur protein biogenesis and iron regulation". Mol Cell Biol. 26 (15): 5675–87. doi:10.1128/MCB.00112-06. PMC 1592756. PMID 16847322.
7. "Entrez Gene: NFS1 NFS1 nitrogen fixation 1 homolog (S. cerevisiae)".

Further reading

• Maruyama K, Sugano S (1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides". Gene. 138 (1–2): 171–4. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8. PMID 8125298.
• Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, et al. (1997). "Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library". Gene. 200 (1–2): 149–56. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3. PMID 9373149.
• Tong WH, Rouault T (2000). "Distinct iron-sulfur cluster assembly complexes exist in the cytosol and mitochondria of human cells". EMBO J. 19 (21): 5692–700. doi:10.1093/emboj/19.21.5692. PMC 305809. PMID 11060020.
• Stanchi F, Bertocco E, Toppo S, et al. (2001). "Characterization of 16 novel human genes showing high similarity to yeast sequences". Yeast. 18 (1): 69–80. doi:10.1002/1097-0061(200101)18:1<69::AID-YEA647>3.0.CO;2-H. PMID 11124703.
• Simpson JC, Wellenreuther R, Poustka A, et al. (2001). "Systematic subcellular localization of novel proteins identified by large-scale cDNA sequencing". EMBO Rep. 1 (3): 287–92. doi:10.1093/embo-reports/kvd058. PMC 1083732. PMID 11256614.
• Deloukas P, Matthews LH, Ashurst J, et al. (2002). "The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20". Nature. 414 (6866): 865–71. doi:10.1038/414865a. PMID 11780052.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
• Li K, Tong WH, Hughes RM, Rouault TA (2006). "Roles of the mammalian cytosolic cysteine desulfurase, ISCS, and scaffold protein, ISCU, in iron-sulfur cluster assembly". J. Biol. Chem. 281 (18): 12344–51. doi:10.1074/jbc.M600582200. PMID 16527810.