Mishaal bin Saud Al Saud

Mishaal bin Saud Al Saud (Arabic: مشعل بن سعود بن عبد العزيز آل سعود‎ Misha'al ibn Sa'ūd bin 'Abd al-'Azīz Āl Sa'ūd; born 1940) was the governor of the Najran Province from April 1997 to November 2008 and is a member of House of Saud.

Mishaal bin Saud Al Saud
Governor of Najran Province
In officeApril 1997 – November 2008
PredecessorFahd bin Khalid Al Sudairi
SuccessorMishaal bin Abdullah
MonarchKing Fahd
King Abdullah
Born1940 (age 80–81)
SpouseSara bint Faisal bin Turki I bin Abdulaziz Al Saud
Full name
Mishaal bin Saud bin Abdulaziz Al Saud
HouseHouse of Saud
FatherKing Saud
MotherNoura bint Nahar Al Mandeel

Early life

Prince Mishaal is one of King Saud's children.[1] His mother is Noura bint Nahar Al Mandeel.[2]

Early experience

Mishaal bin Saud was formerly a military officer.[3] He served at the national guard under the title brigade commander.[4] He successfully led a national guard unit that was among the first sent to defend the northern border during the 1991 Gulf War. His military expertise provided him with the opportunity to hold the position in the Najran Province as governor.[5]

Career and official duties

Prince Mishaal was one of the members of Al Saud Family Council established by Crown Prince Abdullah in June 2000 to discuss private issues such as business activities of princes and marriages of princess to individuals who were not member of House of Saud.[6] He represented his older brother Muhammed bin Saud in the council.[6]

Prince Mishaal is the chairman of the company named Tourism Enterprises.[7]

Governorship

Mishaal bin Saud was made governor of the Najran Province in April 1997.[5] He replaced Fahd bin Khalid Al Sudairi in the post and became the first governor of the province from Al Saud family.[8] Najran Province is border-area with Yemen. Therefore, the possibility of terror cells crossing from Yemen into Saudi Arabia is a serious threat.[5] Tensions among the Ismaili community remained high since Prince Mishaal's arrival as governor, leading to major protests in 2000. Ismailis accused the local government of harassment, discrimination and arbitrary arrest and detention. As a result, activists from Najran petitioned King Abdullah to remove Prince Mishaal. To succeed, Mishaal bin Saud must be able to govern the local Ismaili population and maintain stability. However, Najran Province became the scene of violent clashes in 2000, when hundreds of Ismailis clashed with police. Ismailis told that it was the spur for plans to reduce their presence in the province, but that the settlement policy could provoke more social unrest.[9] On 23 April 2000, three months after the authorities closed down their mosques on the Ismaili day of Eid al Fitr, strained relations between Ismaili Najranis and the governor, Mishaal bin Saud, came to a head over the arrest of an Ismaili cleric.[8]

Saudi Shiites asked the authorities to decline the settlement plans of Sunni Muslim Yemenis in southern Saudi Arabia to change the demographic balance in favor of Sunnis, although they are the majority. The Ismaili Shiites of Najran said they had petitioned King Abdullah in 2006 to halt settlement of up to 10,000 Yemeni tribesmen in housing projects built for them on the surrounding area of Najran city.[9]

A protest letter sent in January 2008 to the Governor Mishaal bin Saud complained of marginalisation and said plans to settle another Yemeni tribe must stop. "We received assurances that some issues might be resolved, but others will take time," said Mohammed Al Askar, an Ismaili activist involved in drawing up the petition.[9]

Prince Mishaal's term was last renewed in April 2005. However, on 4 November 2008, King Abdullah issued a royal decree relieving Mishaal bin Saud from his duties as governor reportedly at his own request.[10] However, it was commonly believed that he was removed from office for his inability to maintain positive relations with the Ismaili community.[5]

In other words, Mishaal bin Saud was relieved of his duties in November 2008 partly due to his inability to eliminate or at least, reduce tensions among the Ismailis in the province. On the other hand, as a result of increased violence across the border in Yemen as well as tensions between the Yemeni and Saudi governments, a secure and stable Najran province is all the more critical to the Kingdom. Mishaal ruled the province during a time of rapid deterioration in the relationship between the majority Ismaili residents and the provincial authorities.[11][12] Eventually, Mishaal bin Abdullah Al Saud, son of King Abdullah, replaced him as the governor of the province in March 2009.

Personal life

Mishaal bin Saud is son-in-law of late Sultan bin Abdulaziz.[5] He also married Princess Sara who is his first cousin once removed and a daughter of Faisal bin Turki.[13] He has six children, five sons and a daughter.

  • Prince Faisal bin Mishaal (born 1959) who was an advisor of late Sultan bin Abdulaziz.[1] Then Faisal began to serve as the deputy governor of al Qassim Province.[14] On 29 January 2015 he was made the governor of the province.[15]
  • Prince Khalid
  • Princess Lamia who was married to the Prince Ahmed bin Salman.[16] She has four daughters and a son.
  • Prince Nawaf
  • Prince Abdulaziz
  • Prince Fahd who is the chairman of Saudi Aviation Association since March 2018 and also, of the GCC Aviation Association.[17]

References
  1. Sabri, Sharaf (2001). The House of Saud in commerce: A study of royal entrepreneurship in Saudi Arabia. New Delhi: I.S. Publications. ISBN 81-901254-0-0.
  2. "kingsaud". Retrieved 14 December 2016.
  3. "The role of Saudi princes in uniform". Wikileaks. 27 May 1985. Archived from the original on 26 October 2011. Retrieved 25 May 2012.
  4. Simon Henderson (1994). "After King Fahd" (Policy Paper). Washington Institute. Retrieved 16 August 2020.
  5. "Cable Reference İD: #08RIYADH1748". Wikileaks. 24 November 2008. Archived from the original on 21 February 2013. Retrieved 20 April 2012.
  6. Simon Henderson (August 2009). "After King Abdullah. Succession in Saudi Arabia" (PDF). Policy Focus. 96.
  7. "Mishaal Saud Abdulaziz". Dhownet. Retrieved 12 November 2020.
  8. "The Ismailis of Najran" (PDF). Human Rights Watch. September 2008. Retrieved 16 April 2012.
  9. "Saudi Shiites fear demographic balance change". Middle East. 18 February 2008. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 20 April 2012.
  10. Admon, Y. (16 December 2008). "Recent Rise in Sunni–Shi'ite Tension (Part III): Sectarian Strife in Saudi Arabia" (Inquiry and Analysis Series Report No.482). MEMRI. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
  11. "09DHAHRAN258". Wikileaks. 14 October 2009. Retrieved 20 April 2012.
  12. Morris, Rob (23 December 2008). "King Abdullah fires Najran governor: HRW". Arabian Business. Retrieved 19 April 2012.
  13. "Palace of Princess Sara bint Faisal bin Turki Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (SA)". Virtual Globetrotting. Retrieved 12 July 2020.
  14. "Princes commend Prince Salman Quran Memorization Contest". Ain al Yaqeen. December 2011. Retrieved 12 May 2012.
  15. "King Salman makes appointments". Royal Embassy, Washington DC. 29 January 2015. Archived from the original on 2 February 2015. Retrieved 1 February 2015.
  16. Etab Noor (7 August 2013). "Prince Ahmad: A force behind Arab media". Arab News. Riyadh. Retrieved 9 August 2013.
  17. "Prince Fahad bin Mishaal bin Saud, president of the Saudi Aviation Association". Arab News. 2 January 2020. Retrieved 13 August 2020.
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