Metaflumizone

Metaflumizone is a semicarbazone insecticide indicated for the veterinary treatment of fleas and ticks, marketed under the brand name ProMeris. A discontinued variant of ProMeris, called ProMeris Duo or Promeris for Dogs, was indicated for canine use and was a formulated blend of metaflumizone and amitraz.[1] The metaflumizone-only formulation is waterproof and typically remain effective for 30–45 days in a cutaneous application at the base of the neck.

Metaflumizone
Clinical data
Trade namesProMeris, Alverde
ATCvet code
Identifiers
CAS Number
ChemSpider
UNII
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.107.480
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC24H16F6N4O2
Molar mass506.408 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)

Similar insecticides

Metaflumizone is chemically similar to pyrazoline sodium channel blocker insecticides (SCBIs) discovered at Philips-Duphar in the early 1970s, but is less dangerous to mammals than earlier compounds.[2]

Action

Metaflumizone works by blocking sodium channels in target insects, resulting in flaccid paralysis. Metaflumizone blocks sodium channels by binding selectively to the slow-inactivated state, which is characteristic of the SCBIs.[2] The toxin has been tested for efficacy against Spodoptera eridania moths[2] and is indicated for control of fleas and ticks. However, in a cross comparison with other veterinary flea control substances, Metaflumizone was not shown to result in a significant reduction in the number of engorged adult female Culex mosquitoes.[3] Therefore, its usefulness as a heartworm control treatment is likely to be insignificant when compared with comparable treatments such as selamectin that do impact the mosquito disease vector.

Adverse effects reported

In 2011, Pfizer Animal Care decided to cease production of the drug based on findings which linked its use to an elevated incidence of the autoimmune disorder pemphigus foliaceus.[4]

References
  1. "Metaflumizone (ProMeris and ProMeris Duo) for Dogs and Cats". PetPlace Drug Library.
  2. Salgado VL, Hayashi JH (December 2007). "Metaflumizone is a novel sodium channel blocker insecticide". Veterinary Parasitology. 150 (3): 182–9. doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2007.08.032. PMID 17959312.
  3. Bouhsira E, Fysikopoulos A, Franc M (August 2009). "Efficacy of fipronil-(S)-methoprene, metaflumizone combined with amitraz, and pyriprole commercial spot-on products in preventing Culex pipiens pipiens from feeding on dogs". The Veterinary Record. 165 (5): 135–7. doi:10.1136/vr.165.5.135. PMID 19648637.
  4. Tremayne J (18 April 2011). "Study Links ProMeris to Pemphigus Foliaceus; Pfizer Stopping Its Production". Veterinary Practice News. California, United States: BowTie. Retrieved 26 April 2011.
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