Maria Werneck de Castro

Maria Morais Werneck de Castro (Rio de Janeiro, 1909 - Rio de Janeiro, 1993) was a Brazilian lawyer, militant communist, and feminist.[1]

Maria Werneck de Castro
Born	October 8, 1909 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Died	April 6, 1994 (aged 84) Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Nationality	Brazilian
Occupation	Attorney
Spouse(s)	Luis Werneck de Castro

Life

Castro was born on October 8, 1909[2] in barrio Laranjeiras , the daughter of attorney Justo de Moraes and Herminia Cresta Mendes de Moraes. Her paternal grandfather was Luiz Mendes de Moraes, who was Minister of War in 1909. In school, she studied law. She married the communist militant Luis Werneck de Castro, also a lawyer.[3]

Castro was a communist activist who fought for women's suffrage rights, since 1930. She participated in the Federación Brasileña por el Progreso Femenino, and in the Liga Antifascista. Castro was a close friend of Luís Carlos Prestes and his sister, Clotilde Prestes, as well as a companion to Nise da Silveira and Olga Benário Prestes, the latter having been accused of being one of the leaders of the Communist Revolt of 1935.[4] With Mary Mercio and Eugênia Álvaro Moreyra, she co-founded the União Feminina do Brasil,[5] also serving as its director.[6] Castro went into exile in Argentina. She became a member of the Brazilian Communist Party in 1947, serving in the Movimiento Unitario de los Trabajadores e Intelectuales. Towards the end of her life, Castro was devoted to education, being a professor of Portuguese and history.

Castro died on April 6, 1994 in Rio de Janeiro.[2]

Selected works

• Aquarelas : espécies vegetais em extinção (1987) (in Portuguese)
• Sala 4 : primeira prisão política feminina (1988) (in Portuguese)
• No tempo dos barões : histórias do apogeu e decadência de uma família fluminense no ciclo do café (with Moacir Werneck de Castro; 2004) (in Portuguese)
• Natureza viva : memórias, carreira e obra de uma pioneira do desenho científico no Brasil (with Moacir Werneck de Castro; 2004) (in Portuguese)

See also

• List of suffragists and suffragettes

References

1. Schumaher & Brazil 2000, p. 567.
2. "Castro, Maria Morais Werneck de". Centro de Pesquisa e Documentação de História Contemporânea do Brasil (in Portuguese). Retrieved 3 August 2019.
3. Executive Secretariat 1987, p. 56.
4. Assunção 2007, p. 159.
5. Dulles 2010, p. 19.
6. Dulles 2014, p. 69.

Bibliography

• Assunção, Moacir (2007). Luiz Carlos Prestes: um revolucionário brasileiro (in Portuguese). Lazuli Editora. ISBN 978-85-04-01009-1.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
• Dulles, John W. F. (3 July 2014). Brazilian Communism, 1935-1945: Repression during World Upheaval. University of Texas Press. ISBN 978-0-292-77166-6.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
• Dulles, John W. F. (5 July 2010). Carlos Lacerda, Brazilian Crusader: Volume I: The Years 1914-1960. University of Texas Press. ISBN 978-0-292-78936-4.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
• Executive Secretariat (1987). Tricontinental. Executive Secretariat of the Organization of Solidarity of the Peoples of Africa, Asia, and Latin America.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
• Schumaher, Schuma; Brazil, Erico Vital (2000). Dicion‡rio mulheres do Brasil: de 1500 até a atualidade : com 270 ilustrações (in Portuguese). J. Zahar. ISBN 978-85-7110-573-7.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)