Margarites

Margarites is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Margaritidae.[1]

Margarites
Margarites pupillus
Apertural view of a shell of Margarites ecarinatus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Mollusca
Class:
Gastropoda
(unranked):
clade Vetigastropoda
Superfamily:
Trochoidea
Family:
Margaritidae
Genus:
Margarites

Gray, 1847
Type species
Helix margarita Montagu, 1808
Synonyms
  • Eumargarita P. Fischer, 1885
  • Margarita Leach, 1819 (Invalid: junior homonym of Margarita Leach, 1814 [Bivalvia, Pteriidae])
  • Trochus (Margarita) Leach, 1819 (non Leach, 1814)
  • Valvatella Gray, 1857

This genus belonged previously to the subfamily Margaritinae in the family Turbinidae.

Description

This genus consists of small species of variable size between 3 mm and 15 mm. The Alaskan specimens of Margarites costalis reach almost 25 mm in diameter. Their flat shell has a turbiniform shape with convex whorls and a typical iridescent lustre.

Species

Species within the genus Margarites include:[1]

Species brought into synonymy
  • Margarites acuticostatus Carpenter, 1864: synonym of Parviturbo acuticostatus (Carpenter, 1864)
  • Margarites alabastrum "Beck, H.H. MS" Lovén, S.L., 1846: synonym of Calliostoma occidentale (Mighels, J.W. & C.B. Adams, 1842)
  • Margarites albula Gould, A.A., 1861: synonym of Solariella obscura (Couthouy, J.P., 1838)
  • Margarites beringensis (E. A. Smith, 1899): synonym of Margarites helicinus (Phipps, 1774)
  • Margarites biangulosus (A. Adams, 1854): synonym of Minolia biangulosa (A. Adams, 1854)
  • Margarites cinereus Filatova, Z.A. & B.I. Zatsepin, 1948: synonym of Margarites costalis (Gould, 1841)
  • Margarites clausus Golikov & Gulbin, 1978 : synonym of Cantharidoscops clausus (Golikov & Gulbin, 1978)
  • Margarites diaphanus Gray, 1847: synonym of Margarites helicinus (Phipps, 1774)
  • Margarites dnopherus Rios, 1994 (non Watson, 1879): synonym of Margarites mirabilis Simone & Birman, 2006
  • Margarites dulcis E. A. Smith, 1907: synonym of Antimargarita dulcis (E. A. Smith, 1907)
  • Margarites elevatus Dall, 1919: synonym of Margarites helicinus (Phipps, 1774)
  • Margarites erythrocoma Dall, 1889: synonym of Pseudostomatella erythrocoma (Dall, 1889)
  • Margarites euspira (Dall, 1881):[24] synonym of Bathymophila euspira (Dall, 1881)
  • Margarites excavatus Dall, 1919: synonym of Margarites helicinus (Phipps, 1774)
  • Margarites expansa Sowerby I, 1838: synonym of Margarella expansa (Sowerby I, 1838)
  • Margarites frigidus Dall, 1919: synonym of Cantharidoscops frigidus (Dall, 1919)
  • Margarites gemma E.A. Smith, 1915: synonym of Falsimargarita gemma (E.A. Smith, 1915)
  • Margarites glauca Möller, H.P.C., 1842: synonym of Margarites olivaceus (Brown, 1827)
  • Margarites grosvenori Dall, 1926: synonym of Margarites olivaceus (Brown, 1827)
  • Margarites hypolispus Dall, 1919: synonym of Margarites vahlii (Møller, 1842)
  • Margarites impervia Strebel, 1908: synonym of Lissotesta impervia (Strebel, 1908)
  • Margarites johnsoni Dall, W.H., 1921: synonym of Margarites vahlii (Møller, 1842)
  • Margarites kamchaticus Dall, 1919: synonym of Margarites schantaricus (Middendorff, 1849)
  • Margarites kurilensis Golikov & Gulbin, 1978: synonym of Margarites groenlandicus kurilensis Golikov & Gulbin, 1978
  • Margarites margaritiferus Okutani, 1964: synonym of Solariella margaritifera (Okutani, 1964)
  • Margarites marginatus Dall, 1919: synonym of Margarites olivaceus marginatus Dall, 1919
  • Margarites mighelsi Rehder, H.A., 1937: synonym of Margarites vahlii (Møller, 1842)
  • Margarites minima Seguenza, 1876: synonym of Lissotesta minima (Seguenza, 1876)
  • Margarites ochotensis (Philippi, 1846): synonym of Margarites schantaricus (Middendorff, 1849)
  • Margarites pauperculus Dall, 1919: synonym of Solariella varicosa (Mighels & Adams, 1842)
  • Margarites pruinosa Rochebrune & Mabille, 1885: synonym of Margarella pruinosa (Rochebrune & Mabille, 1885)
  • Margarites regalis Verrill & Smith, 1880: synonym of Calliotropis regalis (Verrill & Smith, 1880)
  • Margarites rudis Dall, 1919: synonym of Margarites costalis (Gould, 1841)
  • Margarites shannonicus Dall, 1919: synonym of Margarites striatus (Leach, 1841)
  • Margarites striata striata Galkin, Y.I., 1955: synonym of Margarites costalis (Gould, 1841)
  • Margarites umbilicalis Broderip & Sowerby, 1829: synonym of Margarites groenlandicus umbilicalis Broderip & Sowerby, 1829
  • Margarites undulatus (G.B. Sowerby, I, 1838): synonym of Margarites groenlandicus (Gmelin, 1791)
  • Margarites violacea King & Broderip, 1832: synonym of Margarella violacea (King & Broderip, 1832)
  • Margarites vorticifer (Dall, 1873): synonym of Margarites vorticiferus (Dall, 1873)
  • Margarites wacei Melvill & Standen, 1918: synonym of Margarella wacei (Melvill & Standen, 1918)
Nomina dubia
  • Margarites multilineatus DeKay, 1843
  • Margarites ornatus (De Kay, 1843)
  • Margarites sigaretinus (Sowerby I, 1838)

References
  1. Margarites Gray, 1847. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 6 July 2013.
  2. Margarites argentatus (Gould). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 20 April 2010.
  3. Margarites bairdii (Dall, 1889). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 20 April 2010.
  4. Margarites biconica Numanami, 1996. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 20 April 2010.
  5. Margarites bisikovi Egorov, 2000. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 20 April 2010.
  6. Margarites cabernet Egorov, 2000. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 20 April 2010.
  7. Margarites calliostomoides Egorov, 2000. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 20 April 2010.
  8. Margarites costalis (Gould, 1841). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 20 April 2010.
  9. Margarites crebrilirulata (Smith, 1907). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 20 April 2010.
  10. Margarites giganteus (Leche, 1878). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 20 April 2010.
  11. Margarites groenlandicus (Gmelin, 1791). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 20 April 2010.
  12. Margarites gunnerusensis Numanami, 1996. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 20 April 2010.
  13. Margarites helicinus (Phipps, 1774). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 20 April 2010.
  14. Margarites huloti Vilvens & Sellanes, 2006. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 20 April 2010.
  15. Margarites imperialis Simone & Birman, 2006. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 20 April 2010.
  16. Margarites mirabilis Simone & Birman, 2006. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 20 April 2010.
  17. Margarites olivaceus (Brown, 1827). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 20 April 2010.
  18. Margarites refulgens (Smith, 1907). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 20 April 2010.
  19. Margarites ryukyuensis Okutani, Sasaki & Tsuchida, 2000. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 20 April 2010.
  20. Margarites sordidus (Hancock, 1846). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 20 April 2010.
  21. Margarites striatus (Leach, 1841). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 20 April 2010.
  22. Margarites vahlii (Møller, 1842). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 20 April 2010.
  23. Margarites vityazi Egorov, 2000. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 20 April 2010.
  24. Margarites euspira (Dall, 1881). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 20 April 2010.
  • Vaught, K.C. (1989). A classification of the living Mollusca. American Malacologists: Melbourne, FL (USA). ISBN 0-915826-22-4. XII, 195 pp.
  • Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 180–213
  • Spencer, H.; Marshall. B. (2009). All Mollusca except Opisthobranchia. In: Gordon, D. (Ed.) (2009). New Zealand Inventory of Biodiversity. Volume One: Kingdom Animalia. 584 pp
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