Macrobrachium nobilii

Macrobrachium nobilii
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Subphylum:	Crustacea
Class:	Malacostraca
Order:	Decapoda
Infraorder:	Caridea
Family:	Palaemonidae
Genus:	Macrobrachium
Species:	M. nobilii
Binomial name
	Macrobrachium nobilii; Henderson and Matthai, 1910

Macrobrachium nobilii is a species of freshwater shrimp, first described by Hederson and Matthai, 1910.[1] It belongs to the order Decapoda and family Palaemonidae.

Distribution

The caridean prawn is distributed South East India, New Caledonia, Gavataks and Tuamotu Island. In India, it is reported from freshwater lakes of Chengalpattu District of Tamil Nadu. M. nobilii also has been reported from the river Cauvery in between Mettur Dam and Poomphuhar Estuary.

Key Characters

This freshwater prawn is known as stone prawn locally since its affinity is with the substrates such as stones/pebbles found in the bottom of its habitat. M. nobilii is characterized by its prominent or elongated second pair of chelate appendage in which the carpus is distinctly large than the merus. The large chela have teeth in the proximal part of the cutting edges. In the rostrum the first four or five teeth are situated behind the posterior the posterior orbital margin.

Biology

M. nobilii is a diecdysic, moulting and breeding once in 18–22 days.[2] Males are larger than females. Male M. nobilii had a body weight of 12676 mg and the body weight of female is reported as 7178 mg.[3] An average female incubates about 2200 eggs/clutch for a period of 14 days. On completion of development eggs are hatched out in irregular batches within 6 days. On hatching, the larvae passively drift to the estuary where they complete their development. On completion of the larval development the juveniles actively migrate to the freshwater grounds.

References

Henderson, J R; Henderson, J. R.; Matthai, G. (1910). "On certain species of Palaemon from South India". Records of the Indian Museum. 5: 277–305. doi:10.5962/bhl.part.10503.
Pandian, T. J.; Balasundaram, C. (1 January 1982). "Moulting and spawning cycles in Macrobrachium nobilii (Henderson and Mathai)". International Journal of Invertebrate Reproduction. 5 (1): 21–30. doi:10.1080/01651269.1982.10553451. ISSN 0165-1269.
Mariappan, Pitchaimuthu; Balasundaram, Chellam (July 2004). "Studies on the morphometry of Macrobrachium nobilii (Decapoda, Palaemonidae)". Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology. 47 (3): 441–449. doi:10.1590/S1516-89132004000300015. ISSN 1516-8913.

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[1] Henderson, J R; Henderson, J. R.; Matthai, G. (1910). "On certain species of Palaemon from South India". Records of the Indian Museum. 5: 277–305. doi:10.5962/bhl.part.10503.

[2] Pandian, T. J.; Balasundaram, C. (1 January 1982). "Moulting and spawning cycles in Macrobrachium nobilii (Henderson and Mathai)". International Journal of Invertebrate Reproduction. 5 (1): 21–30. doi:10.1080/01651269.1982.10553451. ISSN 0165-1269.

[3] Mariappan, Pitchaimuthu; Balasundaram, Chellam (July 2004). "Studies on the morphometry of Macrobrachium nobilii (Decapoda, Palaemonidae)". Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology. 47 (3): 441–449. doi:10.1590/S1516-89132004000300015. ISSN 1516-8913.