Louise Hollandine of the Palatinate

Louise Hollandine of the Palatinate (18 April 1622 – 11 February 1709) was a painter and abbess. She was a daughter of Frederick V of the Palatinate and King of Bohemia, and Elizabeth Stuart.

Princess Louise Hollandine
Abbess of Maubuisson
Abbess of Maubuisson
ReignAugust 1664 – 11 February 1709
PredecessorCatherine III
SuccessorCharlotte II
Born18 April 1622
Died11 February 1709(1709-02-11) (aged 86)
Full name
Louise Hollandine
FatherFrederick V of the Palatinate
MotherElizabeth Stuart
ReligionRoman Catholic,
prev. Protestant
OccupationPortrait painter, graphic artist

Early life

Born in April 1622, Louise Hollandine was born in Holland, as her parents were living in The Hague. She was their sixth child and second daughter. Her parents had lost their Electoral lands and the crown of Bohemia, resulting in exile. She was given the name Hollandine to show appreciation to Frederick's uncles, the Princes of Orange, for protecting the family in exile.[1]

She studied primarily in Leiden at the 'Prinsenhof', and reportedly began drawing lessons at age six, and became devoted to portraiture.[2] She was taught in the Calvinist tradition according to the Heidelberg Catechism.[3]

Conversion

For unknown reasons and to the dismay of her Protestant family, in December 1657 she fled to France with the assistance of her aunt by marriage Henrietta Maria of France and converted to the Roman Catholic faith. On 25 March 1659 she became a novice and on 19 September 1660 a nun in the Cistercian Maubuisson Abbey.[4] With the support of King Louis XIV, she became Abbess of Maubuisson in August 1664. Her mother Elizabeth Stuart attempted to have Louise arrested and returned, and her conversion created lifelong animosity. Louise Hollandine was the only child to be left out of Elizabeth Stuart's will.[1] Her brother Edward supported her conversion, as he had converted to Catholicism and lived in France as well.[1]

Painting
In 1644, Louise painted this portrait of her sister, Sophia of Hanover.

Louise Hollandine was a talented portrait painter and graphic artist, a talent that she shared with her brother, Prince Rupert. She was student of Gerard van Honthorst and painted so ably in his style that some of her works were attributed to him.

As Abbess, she continued painting and used her abbey's wealth and her family's lineage to make charitable donations to English Benedictine nuns, including a Madonna and Child painting she created in 1691, which was hung in the Lady Chapel.[5]

As a painter, the princess is considered an "amateur". The portraits she painted are often in the Baroque style of Honthorst, but there are exceptions, which were likely not commissioned. Her works were generally kept within her family, and some can now be found in German museums.

Ancestry

References
  1. Kelly, Amy Eloise (21 December 2016). "Louise Hollandine of the Palatinate: princess, artist and Abbess". History of Royal Women. Retrieved 29 February 2020.
  2. Reid, Lindsay Ann (22 July 2019). "Louise Hollandine and the Art of Arachnean Critique" (PDF).
  3. Kerstjens, Christopher A. (1 August 1999). "A Princely Painter: Princess Louise Hollandine of the PAlatinate, Abbess of Maubuisson". The Court Historian. 4 (2): 161–166. doi:10.1179/cou.1999.4.2.004. ISSN 1462-9712.
  4. The former village of Maubuisson is now a part of the town of Saint-Ouen-l'Aumône in the Val-d'Oise department, north of Paris.
  5. MacKenzie, Niall (1 February 2007). "Jane Barker, Louise Hollandine of the Palatinate and 'Solomons Wise Daughter'". The Review of English Studies. 58 (233): 64–72. doi:10.1093/res/hgl142. ISSN 0034-6551.
Regnal titles
Preceded by
Catherine III		 Abbess of Maubuisson
1667–1680		 Succeeded by
Charlotte II


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