Louis-Joseph de Montmorency-Laval

Louis-Joseph de Montmorency-Laval (1724-1808) was a French cardinal of the Catholic Church and Bishop of Metz at the time of the French Revolution.

His Eminence

Louis-Joseph de Montmorency-Laval
Cardinal Bishop Emeritus of Metz
ProvinceHoly See
SeeRoman Catholic Diocese of Metz
Installed21 August 1760
Term ended1801
PredecessorBishop Claude de Rouvroy de Saint-Simon
SuccessorBishop Pierre-François Bienaymé
Other postsBishop of Orléans (1753–57),
Bishop of Condom (1757-60)
Orders
Consecration10 February 1754
by Archbishop Christophe de Beaumont du Repaire
Created cardinal30 March 1789
Personal details
Born(1724-12-11)December 11, 1724[1]
Bayers, Province of Angoumois, Kingdom of France
DiedJune 17, 1808(1808-06-17) (aged 83)
Altona, Kingdom of Denmark–Norway
NationalityFrench
DenominationRoman Catholic
Coat of arms

Early life

He was born 11 December 1724 in the Castle of Baillet in the town of Bayers, then in the ancient Province of Angoumois, now part of the Department of Charente. He was the son of Guy André de Montmorency-Laval and of Marie-Anne de Turménies de Nointel, and younger brother of Guy André Pierre de Montmorency-Laval. The family name is sometimes rendered as Laval-Montmorency.[2]

As a young man, Montmorency-Laval studied at the Sorbonne University in Paris, where he obtained a licentiate in canon law. The date of his reception of Holy Orders as a priest is lost, but he was made Vicar General of the Archdiocese of Sens.[2]

Bishop and cardinal

Montmorency-Laval was nominated as the new Bishop of Orléans by King Louis XV of France on 7 November 1753. This was confirmed by the Holy See on 14 January 1754. He was consecrated a bishop on 10 February 1754, at the Cathedral of Notre-Dame, Paris, by Christophe de Beaumont du Repaire, Archbishop of Paris,[2] assisted by Étienne-René Potier de Gesvres, Bishop of Beauvais, and Pierre-Jules-César de Rochechouard-Montigny, Bishop of Bayeux.

After service in that post for four years, Montmorency-Laval was named Bishop of Condom, where he remained for two years before being appointed Bishop of Metz in 1760, a post he occupied until 1801. He was also appointed in 1786 Grand Almoner of France,[2] and on 30 March 1789 Pope Pius VI created him a cardinal.[1]

Exile and death

During the French Revolution Montmorency-Laval left France and lived in exile in the Kingdom of Denmark–Norway, settling in the town of Altona, now a part of Germany. He was not able to participate at the 1799–1800 Papal conclave, the only one for which he would have been eligible to vote.

Montmorency-Laval died in exile in Altona on 17 June 1808. His body was initially buried at the local church of St. Joseph of the "Greater Freedom" (German: Großer Freiheit). In 1900 the remains were removed and reburied in the crypt of the Cathedral of Metz.[2]

References
  1. "Louis-Joseph Cardinal de Montmorency-Laval". Catholic Hierarchy. Retrieved 4 December 2012.
  2. "Montmorency-Laval, Louis-Joseph de". The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. Retrieved 4 December 2012.
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