List of town tramway systems in Russia
This is a list of town tramway systems in Russia by federal district. It includes all tram systems, past and present. Cities with currently operating systems are indicated in bold. The use of the diamond (♦) symbol indicates where there were (or are) two or more independent tram systems operating concurrently within a single metropolitan area. Those tram systems that operated on other than standard-gauge railway track (where known) are indicated in the 'Notes' column.
Tram system in Kazan.
Central Federal District
| Name of system | Location | Traction type | Date (from) | Date (to) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trams in Ivanovo | Ivanovo (Иваново) | Electric | 8 Nov 1934 | 1 Jun 2008 | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) |
| Trams in Kolomna | Kolomna (Коломна) | Electric | 5 Nov 1948 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) |
| Trams in Kursk | Kursk (Курск) | Electric | 30 Apr 1898 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) Operation suspended April 1918 – October 1924 and November 1941 – September 1943 because of war. |
| Trams in Lipetsk | Lipetsk (Липецк) | Electric | 11 Dec 1947 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) |
| Trams in Moscow | Moscow (Moskva / Москва) |
Horse | 22 Jun 1872 | 1912 | |
| Steam | 29 Jul 1886 | 1922 | |||
| Electric | 6 Apr 1899 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) | ||
| ♦ Novogireevo (Новогиреево) | Horse | 1907(?) | ? | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) | |
| ♦ Noginsk (Ногинск) | Electric | 2 Mar 1924 | 10 Aug 2012 | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) Operation suspended 1992–1994 and 1 April 2011 – 1 June 2012. Fully single track. | |
| Trams in Oryol | Orel (Oryol / Орёл) | Electric | 15 Nov 1898 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) Operation suspended May 1919 – May 1922 and October 1941 – October 1943 because of war. |
| Rostov Velikiy (Ростов Великий) |
Horse | 1902(?) | 1921 | Standard gauge | |
| Trams in Ryazan | Ryazan (Рязань) | Electric | 2 Jan 1963 | 15 Apr 2010 | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) |
| Trams in Smolensk | Smolensk (Смоленск) | Electric | 20 Oct 1901 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) Operation suspended August 1919 – May 1922 and 15 July 1941 – 6 November 1947 because of war. |
| Trams in Stary Oskol | Stary Oskol (Старый Оскол) |
Electric | 4 Jan 1981 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) Express tramway. |
| Trams in Tula | Tula (Тула) | Horse | 15 Nov 1888 | 1919 | |
| Electric | 7 Nov 1927 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) | ||
| Trams in Tver | Tver (Тверь) | Electric | 28 Aug 1901 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft); operation suspended in 2018.[1] |
| Trams in Voronezh | Voronezh (Воронеж) | Horse | 23 Aug 1891 | 1919(?) | |
| Electric | 16 May 1926 | 15 Apr 2009 | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) | ||
| Trams in Yaroslavl | Yaroslavl (Ярославль) | Electric | 29 Dec 1900 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) |
Far Eastern Federal District
| Name of system | Location | Traction type | Date (from) | Date (to) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aniva (Анива) | Horse | ? | ? | ||
| Trams in Khabarovsk | Khabarovsk (Хабаровск) | Electric | 11 Nov 1956 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) |
| Khavomai (Хавомай) | Horse | ? | ? | ||
| Trams in Komsomolsk-na-Amure | Komsomolsk-na-Amure (Комсомольск-на-Амуре) | Electric | 6 Nov 1957 | 30 Sep 2018[2] | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) |
| Trams in Vladivostok | Vladivostok (Владивосток) | Electric | 22 Oct 1912 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft)[3] |
Siberian Federal District
| Name of system | Location | Traction type | Date (from) | Date (to) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trams in Barnaul | Barnaul (Барнаул) | Electric | 7 Nov 1948 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) Express tramway opened 26 September 1985. |
| Trams in Biysk | Biysk (Бийск) | Electric | 13 Jun 1960 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) |
| Trams in Irkutsk | Irkutsk (Иркутск) | Electric | 3 Aug 1947 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) |
| Trams in Angarsk | ♦ Angarsk (Ангарск) | Electric | 26 Nov 1953 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) |
| Trams in Usolye Sibirskoye | ♦ Usolye Sibirskoye (Усолье-Сибирское) |
Electric | 26 Feb 1967 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) |
| Trams in Kemerovo | Kemerovo (Кемерово) | Electric | 11 May 1940 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) |
| Trams in Cheryomushki | Cheryomushki (Черёмушки) (Sayano-Shushenskaya Dam) |
Electric | Feb 1991 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) Connects railway station with hydropower dam and generating station. |
| Trams in Krasnoyarsk | Krasnoyarsk (Красноярск) | Electric | 1 May 1958 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) |
| Trams in Achinsk | Achinsk (Ачинск) | Electric | 15 Apr 1967 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) |
| Trams in Novokuznetsk | Novokuznetsk (Новокузнецк) | Electric | 30 Nov 1933 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) Unconnected line on the right bank of the river Tom (Томь) opened 30 November 1969. |
| Trams in Osinniki | ♦ Osinniki (Осинники) | Electric | 1 Nov 1960 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) Unconnected line in southern extremity, extending from Kaltan (Калтан) railway station, 1957-1963 (?). |
| Trams in Prokopyevsk | ♦ Prokopyevsk (Прокопьевск) | Electric | 12 May 1936 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) Unconnected line in eastern extremity opened 5 November 1956, connected with main Prokopyevsk system 1964. |
| Trams in Novosibirsk | Novosibirsk (Новосибирск) | Electric | 26 Nov 1934 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) Unconnected lines on the left bank of the river Ob (Обь) opened 4 May 1941. Tramway service across river Ob, 1955-1992. |
| Trams in Omsk | Omsk (Омск) | Electric | 8 Nov 1936 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) |
| Trams in Tomsk | Tomsk (Томск) | Electric | 25 Apr 1949 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) |
| Trams in Ulan-Ude | Ulan-Ude (Улан-Удэ) | Electric | 16 Dec 1958 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) |
| Trams in Ust-Ilimsk | Ust-Ilimsk (Усть-Илимск) |
Electric | 15 Sep 1988 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) Express tramway. |
Northwestern Federal District
| Name of system | Location | Traction type | Date (from) | Date (to) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trams in Arkhangelsk | Arkhangelsk (Архангельск) | Electric | 26 Jun 1916 | 21 Jul 2004[4] | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft)[4] From 1916 until its closure, it was the world's northernmost electric town tramway.[4] |
| Trams in Cherepovets | Cherepovets (Череповец) | Electric | 19 Oct 1956 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) |
| Trams in Kaliningrad | Kaliningrad (Калининград) (was: Königsberg) |
Horse | 26 May 1881 | 1901 | Gauge: 1,000 mm (3 ft 3 3⁄8 in) |
| Electric | 31 May 1895 | - | Gauge: 1,000 mm (3 ft 3 3⁄8 in) Operation suspended January 1945 – 7 November 1946 because of war. | ||
| Pskov (Псков) | Horse | 13 Nov 1909 | 1912 | Gauge: 1,000 mm (3 ft 3 3⁄8 in)(?) | |
| Electric | 22 Jan 1912 | Sep 1944 | Gauge: 1,000 mm (3 ft 3 3⁄8 in) | ||
| Trams in Saint Petersburg | Saint Petersburg (Sankt-Peterburg / Санкт-Петербург) |
Horse | 8 Sep 1863 | Sep 1917 | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft)(?) |
| Steam | 1882 | 1922 | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft)(?) | ||
| Electric | 29 Sep 1907 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) Operation suspended 8 December 1941 – 15 April 1942 because of war. Until 2002 ranked as world's largest operating town tramway (by system length). | ||
| ♦ | Steam | ? | ? | Sankt-Peterburg / Санкт-Петербург - Ozerki / Озерки, Sestroretsk / Сестрорецк - Kurort / Курорт, branch to Lisi Nos (Лисий Нос). | |
| ♦ Popovka (Поповка) | Horse | ? | ? | Connected Popovka / Поповка with Zakhozhye / Захожье, branch to Peschanka / Песчанка. | |
| ♦ Strelna (Стрельна) | Horse | ? | ? | ||
| ♦ Vyritsa (Вырица) | Horse | ? | ? | ||
| Sovetsk (Советск) | Electric | 26 Jul 1901 | Oct 1944 | Gauge: 1,000 mm (3 ft 3 3⁄8 in) Closed because of war damage. | |
| Staraya Russa (Старая Русса) |
Electric | 6 Jul 1924 | Jul 1941 | ||
| Trams in Vyborg | Vyborg (Выборг) | Electric | 28 Sep 1912 | 25 Apr 1957 | Gauge: 1,000 mm (3 ft 3 3⁄8 in) Until 1940 the city was a part of Finland. Operation suspended 23 December 1939 – 22 August 1940, August 1941 – 5 May 1943 and 25 April 1944 – 21 September 1946 because of war. See also: List of town tramway systems in Finland. |
Southern Federal District
| Name of system | Location | Traction type | Date (from) | Date (to) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abinsk (Абинск) | Horse | 1904 | 1919 | ||
| Trams in Astrakhan | Astrakhan (Астрахань) | Electric | 24 Jun 1900 | 25 Jul 2007 | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) Operation suspended April 1919 – April 1922 because of war. Reintroduction of a light rail line is being proposed by the Draft Master Plan, with the system to be operational by 2025. |
| Trams in Grozny | Grozny (Грозный) | Electric | 7 Nov 1932 | Dec 1994 | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) Closed because of war damage. Virtually all tramway infrastructure was destroyed; no plans for reconstruction are known. |
| Ilsky (Ильский) | Horse | 1908 | ? | ||
| Trams in Krasnodar | Krasnodar (Краснодар) | Electric | 23 Dec 1900 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) |
| ♦ Krasnodar (Краснодар) – Pashkovskaya (Пашковская) | Petrol | 4 Apr 1912 | 1914 | ||
| Electric | 14 Dec 1914 | Connected to main Krasnodar system 1918. | |||
| Krymsk (Крымск) | Horse | 1921 | 1932 | ||
| Trams in Novocherkassk | Novocherkassk (Новочеркасск) | Electric | 22 January 1954 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) |
| Novorossiysk (Новороссийск) | Electric | 30 May 1934 | 26 Aug 1969 | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) | |
| Trams in Pyatigorsk | Pyatigorsk (Пятигорск) | Electric | 5 May 1904 | - | Gauge: 1,000 mm (3 ft 3 3⁄8 in) |
| Trams in Rostov-on-Don | Rostov-on-Don (Ростов-на-Дону) |
Horse | 11 Sep 1887 | Dec 1902 | - |
| Electric | 2 Jan 1902 | - | Operation suspended October 1941 – 1 June 1943 because of war. | ||
| ♦ Nakhichevan-na-Donu (Нахичевань-на-Дону) |
Horse | 21 May 1890 | Dec 1902 | ||
| Electric | 4 Jan 1903 | Nakhichevan amalgamated with Rostov in 1928. | |||
| Trams in Shakhty | Shakhty (Шахты) | Electric | 7 Nov 1932 | 7 Dec 2001 | Operation suspended 1942 – April 1944 because of war. |
| Trams in Taganrog | Taganrog (Таганрог) | Electric | 7 Nov 1932 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) |
| Trams in Vladikavkaz | Vladikavkaz (Владикавказ) | Electric | 16 Aug 1904 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) Operation suspended 1920 – November 1924 because of war. |
| Yeysk (Ейск) | Steam | 1915 | 1918 |
Ural Federal District
| Name of system | Location | Traction type | Date (from) | Date (to) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trams in Chelyabinsk | Chelyabinsk (Челябинск) | Electric | 9 Jan 1932 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) |
| ♦ Kopeysk (Копейск) | Electric | 5 Nov 1949 | Feb 1976 | ||
| ♦ Chelyabinsk (Челябинск) – Kopeysk (Копейск) | Electric | 1961 | Feb 1976 | ||
| Irbit (Ирбит) | Horse | 1926 | 1933 | ||
| Kamensk-Uralsky (Каменск-Уральский) |
(Electric) | - | - | Construction started 1949, not completed. | |
| Trams in Krasnoturinsk | Krasnoturinsk (Краснотурьинск) | Electric | 15 Jan 1954 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) Fully single track. |
| Trams in Magnitogorsk | Magnitogorsk (Магнитогорск) | Electric | 18 Jan 1935 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) |
| Trams in Nizhni Tagil | Nizhni Tagil (Нижний Тагил) |
Electric | 28 Feb 1937 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) |
| Trams in Orsk | Orsk (Орск) | Electric | 5 Dec 1948 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) Unconnected line in eastern extremity opened 12 December 1985. Orsk lies on both banks of the river Ural (Урал), the traditional boundary between Europe and Asia. |
| Ust-Katav (Усть-Катав) | Electric | 1973 | 1997 | Operation on the test track of Ust-Katav carriage works | |
| Trams in Volchansk | Volchansk (Волчанск) | Electric | 31 Dec 1951 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) Fully single track. Tramway serves a city of just about 10,000 people. |
| Trams in Karpinsk | ♦ Karpinsk (Карпинск) | Electric | 26 Jun 1946 | 1 Nov 1994 | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) |
| ♦ Volchansk (Волчанск) – Karpinsk (Карпинск) | Electric | Jun 1953 | 22 Apr 1965 | ||
| Trams in Yekaterinburg | Yekaterinburg (Екатеринбург) | Electric | 7 Nov 1929 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) |
| Trams in Zlatoust | Zlatoust (Златоуст) | Electric | 25 Dec 1934 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) |
Volga Federal District
| Name of system | Location | Traction type | Date (from) | Date (to) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trams in Izhevsk | Izhevsk (Ижевск) | Electric | 18 Nov 1935 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) |
| Trams in Kazan | Kazan (Казань) | Horse | 15 Oct 1875 | 1900 | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft)(?) |
| Electric | 2 Dec 1899 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) | ||
| Kirov, Kirov Oblast (Киров) | (Electric) | - | - | Construction started 1943, not completed. | |
| Trams in Naberezhnye Chelny | Naberezhnye Chelny (Набережные Челны) | Electric | 8 Oct 1973 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) |
| Trams in Nizhnekamsk | ♦ Nizhnekamsk (Нижнекамск) | Electric | 15 Feb 1967 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) |
| Trams in Nizhny Novgorod (formerly Gorky) | Nizhny Novgorod (Нижний Новгород) | Horse | 1908 | 1918 | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft)(?) |
| Electric | 20 May 1896 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) Operation suspended 1 May 1919 – 2 August 1923 because of war. | ||
| Trams in Dzerzhinsk | ♦ Dzerzhinsk (Дзержинск) | Electric | 7 Nov 1933 | 17 Dec 2015 | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) |
| ♦ Bor (Бор) | Horse | ? | ? | ||
| Trams in Novotroitsk | Novotroitsk (Новотроицк) | Electric | 5 Nov 1956 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) See also: Orsk (above). |
| Penza (Пенза) | Diesel | 1935 | 1938 | ||
| Trams in Perm | Perm (Пермь) | Electric | 7 Nov 1929 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) Unconnected line to southwest (Osentsy / Oсенцы) opened 25 October 1957. Connected with main Perm system December 1958. |
| Trams in Salavat | Salavat (Салават) | Electric | 29 Jul 1957 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) |
| Trams in Samara | Samara (Самара) | Horse | 22 Jul 1895 | 1917 | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) |
| Electric | 25 Feb 1915 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) Operation suspended 1 March 1919 – 20 July 1920 because of war. | ||
| Trams in Saratov | Saratov (Саратов) | Horse | 13 May 1887 | 1909 | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) |
| Electric | 22 Oct 1908 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) Express tramway opened 1974. | ||
| Trams in Ufa | Ufa (Уфа) | Electric | 1 Feb 1937 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) |
| ♦ Chernikovsk (Черниковск) | Electric | 16 Aug 1956 | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) Chernikovsk amalgamated with Ufa in 1956, tramway lines connected in 1958. | ||
| Trams in Ulyanovsk | Ulyanovsk (Ульяновск) | Electric | 5 Jan 1954 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) |
| Trams in Volgograd | Volgograd (Волгоград) | Electric | 22 Apr 1913 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) Operation suspended 1920 – 1922 and 23 August 1942 – 26 December 1943 because of war. Express tramway, initial surface segment opened 1 May 1972. Underground segment opened 5 November 1984. |
| Trams in Krasnoarmeysky | ♦ Krasnoarmeysky (Красноармейский) |
Electric | 6 Nov 1958 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) Unconnected line in southern Volgograd. |
| Trams in Volzhsky | ♦ Volzhsky (Волжский) | Electric | 30 Dec 1963 | - | Gauge: 1,524 mm (5 ft) |
See also
References
- "В Твери возобновят трамвайное движение после ремонта путей: на маршрут выйдут Татры, КТМки и даже Сити Стары". tvernews.ru (in Russian). 19 February 2019.
- Komsomolsk-na-Amure tram network formally closed Metro Report International 29 October 2018
- http://www.tramz.com/tva/ss.html
- Bent, Mike (February 2016). "The World's Northernmost Tramway". Today's Railways Europe. Sheffield, UK: Platform 5 Publishing. p. 28.
Bibliography
External links
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