List of organizations designated by the Southern Poverty Law Center as hate groups
The following is a list of U.S.-based organizations that are classified as hate groups by the Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC).[1] The SPLC is an American nonprofit legal advocacy organization specializing in civil rights and public interest litigation. The SPLC defines a hate group as "an organization that — based on its official statements or principles, the statements of its leaders, or its activities — has beliefs or practices that attack or malign an entire class of people, typically for their immutable characteristic."[2] The SPLC states that "Hate group activities can include criminal acts, marches, rallies, speeches, meetings, leafleting or publishing" and adds that inclusion on its hate-group list "does not imply that a group advocates or engages in violence or other criminal activity."[1]
Since 1981, the SPLC's Intelligence Project has published a quarterly Intelligence Report, which monitors hate groups and extremist organizations in the United States.[3] The SPLC began an annual census of hate groups in 1990.[1][2] The SPLC listed 1,020 hate groups and hate-group chapters on its 2018 list—an all-time high fueled primarily by an increase in radical right groups.[2]
The Intelligence Report provides information regarding the organizational efforts and tactics of these groups, and it is cited by a number of scholars as a reliable and comprehensive source on U.S. hate groups.[4][5][6][7] The SPLC also publishes the HateWatch Weekly newsletter, which documents racism and extremism, and the Hatewatch blog.[8]
Historical trends
In 1999, the SPLC listed 457 hate groups; that number steadily increased until 2011, when 1,018 groups were listed.[2][9][10] The rise from 2008 onward was attributed in part to anger at Barack Obama, the first black president of the United States.[2] Thereafter, the number of hate groups steadily dropped, reaching a low of 784 in 2014 (a 23% drop). However, between 2014 and 2018, the number of hate groups skyrocketed 30%, reaching 892 in 2015; 917 in 2016; 954 in 2017; 1,020 in 2018; and 940 in 2019.[11][12][2][13] According to Mark Potok at the SPLC, Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign speeches "demonizing statements about Latinos and Muslims have electrified the radical right, leading to glowing endorsements from white nationalist leaders such as Jared Taylor and former Klansman David Duke".[14] The relative strength of hate groups have varied over time; for example, the Ku Klux Klan has markedly declined, while other white supremacist groups have substantially strengthened.[2]:39
In its 2019 annual report (covering the year 2018), the SPLC listed 1,020 organizations as active hate groups, categorized by type, as follows: Ku Klux Klan (51), neo-Nazi (112), white nationalist (148), racist skinhead (63), Christian Identity (17), neo-Confederate (36), black nationalist (264), anti-immigrant (17), anti-LGBT (49), anti-Muslim (100), and "other hate" (163, consisting of 15 hate music groups, 8 Holocaust denial groups, 2 male supremacy groups, 30 neo-Völkisch groups, 11 radical traditional Catholic groups, and 97 other groups).[2]
Pundits, politicians, and some of the designated groups have objected to the SPLC's list. The Family Research Council disputed its designation in 2010,[15] and the Center for Immigration Studies disputed the SPLC anti-immigrant designation in 2016.[16] In January 2019, Center for Immigration Studies filed a lawsuit against the SPLC over the designation,[17][18] which was dismissed in September 2019.[19][20] The SPLC's hate group listings have also been criticized by some political observers and prominent Republicans.[21][22]
Groups by type
Ku Klux Klan
Year | Number listed |
---|---|
1990 | 28 |
2010 | 221 |
2013 | 163 |
2014 | 72 |
2015 | 190 |
2016 | 130 |
2017 | 72 |
2018 | 51 |
2019 | 47 |
The Ku Klux Klan, often abbreviated KKK and informally known as "the Klan", is the name of three distinct past and present groupings.[25]
The following groups have been listed as active Klan groups in the SPLC's annual reports (years in parentheses refer to the year in which the group is included):
- Alliance of American Klans (2019)[13]
- American Christian Dixie Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (2017, 2018, 2019)[24][2][13]
- American Christian Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (2018, 2019)[2][13]
- American Confederate Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (2017)[24]
- American White Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (2018)[2]
- Aryan Knights of the Invisible Empire (2018)[2]
- Aryan Nations Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (2014, 2015)[9][10]
- Christian American Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (2016)[23]
- Church of the American Christian Knights (2017)[24]
- Church of the National Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (2016, 2017, 2018, 2019)[23][24][2] [13]
- Confederate White Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019)[10][23][24][2][13]
- East Coast Knights of the True Invisible Empire (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019)[10][23][24][2][13]
- Eastern White Knights of the KKK (2015)[10]
- Exalted Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (2017, 2019)[24][13]
- Fraternal Order of the Cross (2014)[9]
- Georgia Knight Riders of the Ku Klux Klan (2016)[23]
- Global Crusaders: Order of the Ku Klux Klan (2017, 2018)[24][2]
- Great Lakes Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (2016)[23]
- Honorable Sacred Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (2018, 2019)[2][13]
- Imperial Klans of America, Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (2014, 2015, 2019)[9][10][13]
- International Keystone Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019)[9][10][23][24][2][13]
- Karolina Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (2015)[10]
- KKKRadio (2014, 2015)[9][10]
- Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019)[9][10][23][24][2][13]
- Knights of the White Disciples (2016, 2017)[23][24]
- Knights Party Veterans League (2014, 2015)[9][10]
- Ku Klos Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2019)[9][10][23][24][13]
- Loyal White Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019)[9][10][23][24][2][13]
- Militant Knights Ku Klux Klan (2015, 2016)[10][23]
- Mississippi White Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (2014, 2015, 2017, 2018)[9][10][24][2]
- Noble Klans of America (2018, 2019)[2][13]
- Nordic Order Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (2016, 2017, 2018, 2019)[23][24][2][13]
- North Mississippi White Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (2017)[23]
- Oklahoma Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (2015)[10]
- Old Dominion Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (2016)[23]
- Old Glory Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (2016)[23]
- Original Knight Riders Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017)[9][10][23][24]
- Original Knights of America, Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (2017, 2018)[24][2]
- Outlaw Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (2016)[23]
- Pacific Coast Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (2016, 2017, 2018, 2019)[23][24][2][13]
- Patriotic Brigade Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (2016, 2017, 2018, 2019)[23][24][2][13]
- Rebel Brigade Knights True Invisible Empire (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019)[10][23][24][2][13]
- Rocky Mountain Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (2014)[9]
- Sacred Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (2017)[24]
- Soldiers of the Cross Training Institute (2014, 2015)[9][10]
- Southern Mountain Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (2014)[9]
- Southern Ohio Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (2016, 2017)[23][24]
- Teutonic Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (2019)[2]
- Texas Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (2014, 2015)[9][10]
- Texas Rebel Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[10][23][24][2]
- Traditional Confederate Knights (2015)[10]
- Traditional Rebel Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (2014, 2015)[9][10]
- Traditionalist American Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019)[9][10][23][24][2][13]
- Trinity White Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (2014, 2015)[9][10]
- True Invisible Empire Knights / True Invisible Empire Traditionalist American Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (2014, 2015)[9][10]
- United Dixie White Knights/"United Dixie White Knights of the Ku Klux Klan" (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019)[9][10][23][24][2][13]
- United Klans of America (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019)[9][10][23][24][2][13]
- United Northern and Southern Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019)[9][10][23][24][2][13]
- United White Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[9][10][23][24][2]
- Western White Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (2015)[10]
- White Camelia Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (2015)[10]
- White Knights of Texas (2018, 2019)[2][13]
- White Knights of the Ku Klux Klan of America (2017)[24]
Neo-Nazi
Year | Number listed |
---|---|
2003 | 149 |
2004 | 158 |
2005 | 157 |
2006 | 191 |
2007 | 207 |
2008 | 196 |
2009 | 161 |
2010 | 170 |
2011 | 170 |
2012 | 138 |
2013 | 143 |
2014 | 142 |
2015 | 94 |
2016 | 99 |
2017 | 121 |
2018 | 112 |
Neo-Nazism consists of post-World War II social or political movements seeking to revive Nazism or related ideologies. Common aspects of modern-day neo-Nazism include hatred or fear of minorities such as blacks, Hispanics, lesbian, gay, and transgender people, non-white immigrants, and sometimes even Christians, but their main hatred is focused on the Jews (their "cardinal enemy").[26][27][28][29]
The following groups have been listed as active neo-Nazi groups in the SPLC's annual reports (years in parentheses refer to the year in which the group is included):
- America First Committee (2016, 2017, 2018)[23][30][2]
- American Nazi Party (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[31][10][23][30][2]
- Aryan Nations (Louisiana) (2015, 2016)[10][23]
- Aryan Nations Sadistic Souls MC / Sadistic Souls Motorcycle Club (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[31][10][23][30][2]
- Aryan Nations Worldwide (2015, 2016, 2017)[10][23][30]
- Aryan Nations (2014)[31]
- Aryan Renaissance Society (2016, 2017)[23][30]
- Atomwaffen Division (2016, 2017, 2018)[23][30][2]
- Battalion 14 (2014)[31]
- Christian Defense League (2014, 2015)[31][10]
- Creativity Alliance, The (2014, 2015, 2016, 2018)[31][10][23][2]
- Creativity Movement (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[31][10][23][30][2]
- Daily Stormer, The (2014, 2015, 2016, 2018)[32][10][23][30][2]
- Einherjar's Honor Wotansvolk (2016)[23]
- Endangered Souls RC/Crew 519 (2016, 2017, 2018)[23][30][2]
- The Forssaken Motorcycle Club (2014)[31]
- Gallows Tree Wotansvolk Alliance (2014, 2015, 2016)[31][10][23] – moved to Neo-Völkisch category in 2017[33]
- Golden Dawn (2015, 2016, 2017)[10][23][30]
- Heathens Motorcycle Club (2014)[31]
- Maryland National Socialist Party (2014)[31]
- National Alliance (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 2018)[31][10][23][30][2]
- National Alliance Reform and Restoration Group (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[10][23][30][2]
- National Socialist Freedom Movement (2014, 2015)[31][10]
- National Socialist German Workers Party (Nebraska) (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[31][10][23][2]
- National Socialist Legion (2018)[2]
- National Socialist Liberation Front (2017, 2018)[30][2]
- National Socialist Movement (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[31][10][23][30][2]
- Nationalist Coalition (2014)[31]
- Nationalist Initiative (2018)[2]
- Nationalist Women's Front (2017, 2018)[30][2]
- New Order (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[31][10][23][30]
- Noble Breed Kindred (2016, 2017, 2018)[23][30][2]
- NS Publications (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[31][10][23][30][2]
- PzG Inc. (2016, 2017, 2018)[23][30][2]
- Radio Wehrwolf (2018)[2]
- Revolutionary Order of the Aryan Republic (2014)[31]
- Third Reich Books (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[31][10][23][30][2]
- Traditionalist Workers Party (2017, 2018)[30][2]
- Vanguard America (2017, 2018)[30][2]
- Vanguard America Women's Division (2018)[2]
- Vanguard News Network (2017, 2018)[30][2]
- Werewolf 88 (2016)[23]
- White Aryan Resistance (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[31][10][23][30][2]
- White Devil Social Club (2016, 2017)[23][30]
- Wolfhook Life Clothing (2016, 2017)[23][30]
- Women for Aryan Unity[30]
White nationalist
Year | Number listed |
---|---|
2003 | 92 |
2004 | 99 |
2005 | 111 |
2006 | 110 |
2007 | 125 |
2008 | 111 |
2009 | 132 |
2010 | 136 |
2011 | 146 |
2012 | 135 |
2013 | 128 |
2014 | 115 |
2015 | 95 |
2016 | 100 |
2017 | 100 |
2018 | 148 |
2019 | 155 |
The SPLC listed 148 white nationalist groups as active in 2018, noting: "White nationalist groups espouse white supremacist or white separatist ideologies, often focusing on the alleged inferiority of nonwhites. Groups listed in a variety of other categories — Ku Klux Klan, neo-Confederate, neo-Nazi, racist skinhead and Christian Identity — could also be fairly described as white nationalist."[2] The following groups have been listed as active white separatist/white nationalist groups in the SPLC's annual reports (years in parentheses refer to the year in which the group is included):
- Advanced White Society (2014, 2015)[32][10]
- Alternative Right (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017)[32][10][23][34]
- AltRight Corporation (2017, 2018)[34][2]
- Affirmative Right (2018, 2019)[2][13]
- American Eagle Party (2015, 2016)[10][23]
- American Freedom Party (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019)[32][10][23][34][2][13]
- American Freedom Union (2017, 2018, 2019)[34][2][13]
- American Identity Movement/Identity Evropa (2016, 2017, 2018, 2019)[23][34][2][13]
- American Nationalist Association (2014, 2015)[32][10]
- American Nationalist Union (2014, 2015, 2016)[32][10][23]
- American Patriots USA (2019)[13]
- American Renaissance/New Century Foundation (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019)[32][10][23][34][2][13]
- American Vanguard (2016)[23]
- American Vikings (2014)[32]
- Arktos Media (2018, 2019)[2][13]
- Aryan Wear (2014)[32]
- Auburn White Student Union (2017, 2018)[34][2]
- Barnes Review/Foundation for Economic Liberty, Inc. (2014)[32]
- Blood River Radio (2019)[13]
- Bob's Underground Graduate Seminar/BUGS (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017)[32][10][23][34]
- Center for the Advancement of Occidental Culture (CAOC) (2014)[32]
- Center for Perpetual Diversity (2016)[23]
- Confederate Patriot Voters United (2014, 2015)[32][10]
- Conservative Citizens Foundation, Inc. (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[32][10][23][34][2]
- Council for Social and Economic Studies (2014, 2015)[32][10]
- Council of Conservative Citizens (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019)[32][10][23][34][2][13]
- Counter-Currents Publishing (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019)[32][10][23][34][2][13]
- Counter.Fund (2017)[34]
- Cursus Honorum Foundation (2019)[13]
- Delaware Advanced White Society (2014)[32]
- European American Action Coalition (2014, 2015, 2016)[10][23]
- European American Front (2014, 2015, 2016)[32][10][23]
- Exodus/Americanus (2018, 2019)[2][13]
- Faith and Heritage (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019)[32][10][23][34][2][13]
- Family Home Northwest (2014)[32]
- Fight White Genocide (2019)[13]
- Fitzgerald Griffin Foundation, The (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019)[32][10][23][34][2][13]
- Forza Nuova – USA (2016, 2017, 2018, 2019)[23][34][2][13]
- Foundation for the Marketplace of Ideas (2016, 2017, 2018)[23][34][2]
- Free America Rally (2014)[32]
- Free American (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[32][10][23][34][2]
- Free Edgar Steele (2014, 2015)[32][10]
- Freestartr (2018)[2]
- GoyFundMe (2017)[34]
- H.L. Mencken Club (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019)[32][10][23][34][2][13]
- Heritage and Destiny (2014, 2015, 2016)[32][10][23]
- Identity Vanguard (2015)[10][23]
- Kinist Institute (2014)[32]
- Legion of St. Ambrose (2019)[13]
- Malevolent Freedom (2014, 2015)[32][10]
- Middle American News (2014)[32]
- National Assembly (2019)[13]
- National Association for the Advancement of America (2014, 2015)[32][10]
- National Policy Institute (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019)[32][10][23][34][2][13]
- National Right (2018)[2]
- National Youth Front (2014, 2015)[32][10]
- Nationalist Movement (2014, 2015)[32][10]
- New Albion (2017, 2018)[34][2]
- New Century Productions – A Conversation About Race (2014)[32]
- New Jersey European Heritage Association (2019)[13]
- Northwest Front (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019)[32][10][23][34][2][13]
- Occidental Dissent (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019)[32][10][23][34][2][13]
- Occidental Observer/Occidental Quarterly/Charles Martel Society (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019)[32][10][23][34][2][13]
- Operation Homeland (2017)[34]
- Our Fight Clothing (2019)[13]
- Pacifica Forum (2014, 2015)[32][10]
- Patriot Front (2017, 2018, 2019)[34][2][13]
- Patriotic Flags (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019)[32][10][34][13]
- Phalanx (2016)[23]
- Pioneer Fund (2014)[32]
- Pioneer Little Europe (Montana)/Pioneer Little Europe Kalispell Montana (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019)[32][10][23][34][2][13]
- Political Cesspool, the (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019)[32][10][23][34][2][13]
- Protestant White Nationalist Party of Kentucky/Uncreated Light (2014)[32]
- Racial Nationalist Party of America (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019)[32][10][23][34][2][13]
- Radix Journal (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019)[10][34][2][13]
- Real Republic of Florida (2017, 2018, 2019)[34][2][13]
- Red Ice (2017, 2018, 2019)[34][2][13]
- Red October (2014)[32]
- Renaissance Horizon (2019)[13]
- Renegade Broadcasting (2015)[10]
- Right Brand Clothing (2018, 2019)[2][13]
- Right Wing Resistance (2015)[10]
- Rise Above Movement (2017, 2018, 2019)[34][2][13]
- RootBocks (2017)[34]
- Scott-Townsend Publishers (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019)[32][10][23][34][2][13]
- Shieldwall Network (2018, 2019)[2][13]
- Social Contract Press, The (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019) – listed in the anti-immigrant category in 2014, and the white nationalist category thereafter[35][10][23][34][2][13]
- Sons & Daughters of Liberty (2016)[23]
- South Africa Project (2014, 2015, 2016)[32][10][23]
- South Knox Ten Milers (2014)[10]
- Southern European Aryans League Army (2014)[32]
- Stormfront (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019)[32][10][23][34][2][13]
- The Base (2019)[13]
- The Colchester Collection (2019)[13]
- The Foundry (2019)[13]
- The New Byzantium Project (2017)[34]
- The Right Stuff (2016, 2017, 2018, 2019)[23][34][2][13]
- Traditionalist Workers Party (2015, 2016) (an offshoot of the Traditionalist Youth Network)[10][23]
- Traditionalist Youth Network (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017)[32][10][23][34]
- Tribal Theocrat (2019)[13]
- True Cascadia (2017, 2018)[34][2]
- Tyr 1 Security (2017, 2018)[34][2]
- Unity and Security for America (2018)[2]
- Vandal Brothers, LLC (2018, 2019)[2][13]
- VDARE Foundation (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019)[32][10][23][34][2][13]
- Voice of Reason Broadcast Network (2014)[32]
- Washington Summit Publishers (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019)[32][10][23][34][2][13]
- WeSearchr (2017, 2018)[34][2]
- Western Outlands Supply Company (2017, 2018)[34][2]
- Whitakeronline (2014, 2015)[32][10]
- White Advocacy Movement (2014, 2015)[32][10]
- White Boy Society (2014, 2016, 2017, 2018)[32][23][34][2]
- White Lives Matter (2016)[23]
- White Man's March (2014)[32]
- White New York (2016)[23]
- White Rabbit Radio (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019)[32][10][23][34][13]
- White Trash Rebel (2015)[10]
- White Student Union of Tarrant County (2014)[32]
- White Voice, The (2014, 2015)[32][10]
- Wolves of Vinland (2015, 2016)[10][23] – moved to Neo-Völkisch category in 2017[33]
- World View Foundations (2014, 2015)[32][10]
- WTM Enterprises (2014, 2015, 2016)[32][10][23]
Racist skinheads
Year | Number listed |
---|---|
2003 | 39 |
2004 | 48 |
2005 | 56 |
2006 | 78 |
2007 | 90 |
2008 | 98 |
2009 | 122 |
2010 | 136 |
2011 | 133 |
2012 | 138 |
2013 | 126 |
2014 | 119 |
2015 | 95 |
2016 | 78 |
2017 | 71 |
2018 | 63 |
The SPLC defines racist skinhead as "a particularly violent element of the white supremacist movement," often "referred to as the 'shock troops' of the hoped-for revolution."[2] An offshoot of the skinhead subculture, racist skinheads promote antisemitism in addition to white supremacy.[37][38] While racist skinhead groups continue to commit violent acts (against both outsiders and participants in the movement), the number of skinhead groups has declined since 2012, losing ground to "the racist 'alt-right' and new, younger neo-Nazi and white nationalist groups who are organizing themselves across diffuse social networking sites and platforms."[2]
The following groups have been listed as active racist skinhead groups in the SPLC's annual reports (years in parentheses refer to the year in which the group is included):
- AC Skins (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[39][10][23][36][2]
- AC/OC (2018)[2]
- American Front (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[39][10][23][36][2]
- American Patriot Brigade (2017, 2018)[36][2]
- American Vikings (2016, 2017)[23][36]
- American Viking Clothing Co. (2015, 2018)[10][2]
- Aryan Strikeforce (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017)[39][10][23][36]
- Aryan Terror Brigade (2014, 2015)[39][10]
- Be Active Front USA (2016, 2017, 2018)[23][36][2]
- Bergen County Hooligans (2014)[39]
- Blood & Honour U.S.A. (2014, 2015, 2017, 2018) and Blood and Honour America Division (2016, 2017, 2018)[39][10][23][36][2]
- Blood and Honour Social Club (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[10][23][36][2]
- California Skinheads (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[10][23][36][2]
- Confederate 28 (2017)[36]
- Confederate Hammerskins (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[10][23][36][2]
- Crew 38 (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[39][10][23][36][2]
- Die Auserwahlten (2014, 2017)[39][36]
- Eastern Hammerskins (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[10][23][36][2]
- Firm 22 (2016, 2017)[23][36]
- Golden State Skinheads (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[10][23][36][2]
- Golden State Solidarity (2014)[39]
- Golden-State 45/Kindred 45 (2017)[36]
- Hammerskins (2014)[39]
- Hated and Proud Skins (2014)[39]
- Keystone State Skinheads (2014, 2015, 2016, 2018)[39][10][23][2]
- Keystone United (2017)[36]
- Lone Star United (2014)[39]
- Maryland State Skinheads (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017)[39][10][23][36]
- Midland Hammerskins (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[10][23][36][2]
- Nord Herrenvolk (2014)[39]
- Northern Hammerskins (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[10][23][36][2]
- Northwest Hammerskins / Northwestern Hammerskins (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[10][23][36][2]
- Old Glory Skinheads (2014, 2015)[39][10]
- Orange County Skins (2014)[39]
- Sacto Skins/Sacto Skinheads (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[39][10][23][36][2]
- Sadistic Souls Skinheads[10]
- Supreme White Alliance (2014, 2015, 2016)[39][10][23]
- The Hated (2014, 2015)[39][10]
- United Society of Aryan Skinheads (2014)[39]
- United Southern Skins (2018)[2]
- Vinland Clothing (2016)[23]
- Vinlanders / Vinlanders Social Club (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[39][10][23][36][2]
- Warlord Skins (2015)[10]
- Warrior's Pride Clothing (2017, 2018)[36][2]
- Western Hammerskins (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[10][23][36][2]
Extreme antigovernment movement
Year | Number listed |
---|---|
2014 | 874 |
2015 | 998 |
2016 | 623 |
2017 | 689 |
2018 | 612 |
In 2018, the SPLC identified 612 groups that belonged to the extreme antigovernment movement; about a quarter of these were part of the American militia movement.[2] A subset within this movement is the "sovereign citizen" movement. The SPLC states that "Generally, antigovernment groups define themselves as opposed to the 'New World Order, engage in groundless conspiracy theorizing, or advocate or adhere to extreme antigovernment doctrines. Antigovernment groups do not necessarily advocate or engage in violence or other criminal activities, though some have. Many warn of impending government violence or the need to prepare for a coming revolution. Many antigovernment groups are not racist."[40]
The SPLC has listed a number of antigovernment groups, including Oath Keepers, various 3 Percenters groups (also styled III%ers), the John Birch Society, Renew America, the Moorish Science Temple of America 1928.[40][2]
Black separatist/nationalist
Year | Number listed |
---|---|
2003 | 136 |
2004 | 108 |
2005 | 106 |
2006 | 88 |
2007 | 81 |
2008 | 112 |
2009 | 121 |
2010 | 149 |
2011 | 140 |
2012 | 151 |
2013 | 115 |
2014 | 113 |
2015 | 180 |
2016 | 193 |
2017 | 233 |
2018 | 264 |
Black nationalist groups espouse black separatism, a movement seeking to create separate institutions for black people. The SPLC notes: "Most forms of black nationalism are strongly anti-white, antisemitic and anti-LGBT. Some religious versions assert that black people are the biblical 'chosen people' of God."[2] The following groups have been listed as active black separatist groups in the SPLC's annual reports (years in parentheses refer to the year in which the group is included):
- All Eyes on Egypt Bookstore or All Eyes on Egipt Bookstore – see Nuwaubian Nation (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[42][10][23][41][2]
- Ambassadors of Christ (2017, 2018)[41][2]
- Ancient Egyptian Distribution Company (2017, 2018)[41][2]
- Army of Israel (2017, 2018)[41][2]
- Black Hebrew Israelites (2015)[10]
- Black Riders Liberation Party (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[42][10][23][41][2]
- Great Millstone (2017, 2018)[41][2]
- House of David/House of David Camp (2017, 2018)[41][2]
- House of Israel (2017, 2018)[41][2]
- International Society of Indigenous Sovereigns (2018)[2]
- Israel United In Christ (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[10][23][41][2]
- Israelite Church of God in Jesus Christ, The (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[42][10][23][41][2]
- Israelite School of Universal Practical Knowledge (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[10][23][41][2]
- Israelite the Branches (2018)[2]
- Israelite Saints of Christ (2018)[2]
- Lion of Judah - Jeshurun Lions (2018)[2]
- Lions of Israel (2017)[41][2]
- Luxor Couture (2018)[2]
- Masharah Yasharahla (2018)[2]
- Mountains of Israel (2018)[2]
- National Black Foot Soldier Network (2014)[42]
- Nation of Islam (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[42][10][23][41][2]
- Nation of Kings and Priests (2017, 2018)[41][2]
- New Black Liberation Militia (2018)[2]
- New Black Panther Party (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[42][10][23][41][2]
- New Black Panther Party for Self Defense (2016, 2017, 2018)[23][41][2]
- Northern Kingdom Prophets (2018)[2]
- OneBody in Yahawashi (2017, 2018)[41][2]
- Revolutionary Black Panther Party (2018)[2]
- Sicarii 1715 (2016, 2017, 2018)[23][41][2]
- True Nation Israelite Congregation (2018)[2]
- Trumpet in Philly (2018)[2]
- United Kingdom of Israel Congregation (2017, 2018)[41][2]
- United Nuwaubian Nation of Moors/All Eyes on Egipt (2017, 2018)[41][2]
- War On The Horizon (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[42][10][41][23]
- Watchmen of Israel (2018)[2]
Neo-Confederate
Year | Number listed |
---|---|
2003 | 91 |
2004 | 97 |
2005 | 99 |
2006 | 102 |
2007 | 104 |
2008 | 93 |
2009 | 68 |
2010 | 42 |
2011 | 32 |
2012 | 30 |
2013 | 36 |
2014 | 37 |
2015 | 35 |
2016 | 43 |
2017 | 31 |
2018 | 36 |
The SPLC classifies neo-Confederate groups as those with "a reactionary, revisionist predilection for symbols of the Confederate States of America, typically paired with a strong belief in the validity of the failed doctrines of nullification and secession — in the specific context of the antebellum South."[43]
The following groups have been listed as active neo-Confederate groups in the SPLC's annual reports (years in parentheses refer to the year in which the group is included):
- ACTBAC NC (2016, 2017)[23][43]
- Dixie Republic (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[44][10][23][43][2]
- FreeMississippi (2016)[23]
- Identity Dixie (2017, 2018)[43][2]
- Kingdom Treasure Ministries (2014, 2015)[44][10]
- League of the South (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[44][10][23][43][2]
- Livin' the Legacy (2014)[44]
- Mary Noel Kershaw Foundation (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017)[44][10][23][43]
- Pace Confederate Depot (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017)[44][10][23][43]
- Southern Culture Center (2014)[44]
- Southern Future (2016, 2017)[23][43]
- Southern National Congress (2014, 2015, 2016)[44][10][23]
- Southern Nationalist Network (2015)[10]
- Southern Patriot Shoppe (2015)[10]
- Southern Revivalist (2018)[2]
- Wildman's Civil War Surplus and Herb Shop (2018)[2]
Christian Identity
Year | Number listed |
---|---|
2003 | 31 |
2004 | 28 |
2005 | 35 |
2006 | 37 |
2007 | 36 |
2008 | 39 |
2009 | 37 |
2010 | 26 |
2011 | 55 |
2012 | 54 |
2013 | 37 |
2014 | 21 |
2015 | 19 |
2016 | 21 |
2017 | 20 |
2018 | 17 |
Christian Identity is a label applied to a wide variety of loosely affiliated believers and churches with a white supremacist and antisemitic theology that claims that White people are the true descendants of the Lost Tribes of Israel.[46]
The following groups have been listed as Christian Identity hate groups in the SPLC's annual reports (years in parentheses refer to the year in which the group is included):
- 11th Hour Remnant Messenger (2014)[47]
- America's Promise Ministries (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[47][10][23][45][2]
- Christian American Ministries (2016, 2017, 2018)[23][45][2]
- Christian Identity Church – Aryan Nations (2014)[47]
- Christian Revival Center (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[10][23][45][2]
- Church of Israel (2016, 2017, 2018)[23][45][2]
- Church of the Sons of YHVH or Church of the Sons of YHWH (2014, 2015)[47][10]
- Covenant Nation Church of the Lord Jesus Christ (2017)[45]
- Covenant People's Ministry (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[47][10][23][45][2]
- Divine International Church of the Web (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[47][10][23][45][2]
- Divine Truth Ministries (2016, 2017)[23][45]
- Ecclesiastical Council for the Restoration of Covenant Israel (ECRCI) (2014, 2015)[47][10]
- Euro Folk Radio (2016, 2017, 2018)[23][45][2]
- Faith Baptist Church and Ministry (2015)[10]
- Fellowship of God's Covenant People (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[47][10][23][45][2]
- Holy Order Ministry (2014)[47]
- Identity Nation (2014)[47]
- Kingdom Identity Ministries (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[47][10][45][2]
- Kinsman Redeemer Ministries (2014, 2015, 2016)[47][10][23]
- Knights of the Holy Identity (2014)[47]
- Mission to Israel (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[47][10][23][45][2]
- Non-Universal Teaching Ministries/Christogenea (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[47][10][23][45][2]
- Our Place Fellowship (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[47][10][23][45][2]
- Restored Assembly of Elohim (2018)[2]
- Sacred Truth Publishing & Ministries (2016, 2017, 2018)[23][45][2]
- Scriptures for America Ministries/Scriptures for America Worldwide Ministries (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[47][10][45][2]
- Thomas Robb Ministries (2014, 2015)[47][10]
- Truth in History (2017)[45]
- Virginia Publishing Company (2014, 2015, 2016)[47][10][23]
- Watchmen Bible Study Group (2014, 2015)[47][10]
- Weisman Publications (2014, 2015, 2016)[47][10][23]
- Yahushua Dual Seed Christian Identity Ministry (2016, 2017, 2018)[23][45][2]
- Yahweh's Truth (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[47][10][23][45][2]
Anti-LGBT
Anti-LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender) or anti-gay can refer to activities in certain categories (or combinations of categories): attitudes against or discrimination against LGBT people, violence against LGBT people, LGBT rights opposition and religious opposition to homosexuality.
The following groups have been listed as active anti-LGBT hate groups in the SPLC's annual reports (years in parentheses refer to the year in which the group is included):
- Abiding Truth Ministries (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[48][10][23][49][2]
- Alliance Defending Freedom (2016, 2017, 2018, 2019)[23][49][2][13]
- All Scripture Baptist Church (2019)[13]
- American College of Pediatricians (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[48][10][23][49][2]
- American Family Association (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[48][10][23][49][2]
- American Vision (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[48][10][23][49][2]
- Americans for Truth About Homosexuality (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[48][10][23][49][2]
- ATLAH World Missionary Church (All The Land Anointed Holy) (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[10][50][23][49][2]
- Bible Believers Fellowship (2017, 2018)[49][2]
- Campus Ministry USA, The (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[10][23][49][2]
- Center for Family and Human Rights (C-FAM, formerly the Catholic Family and Human Rights Institute) (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[48][10][23][49][2]
- Chalcedon Foundation (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[48][10][23][49][2]
- Church Militant/St. Michael's Media (2018)[2]
- Christian Civil Rights Watch (2017)[49]
- Christ the King Church (Larkspur, Colorado)[48][10]
- Citizens for Community Values (2015, 2016)[10][23]
- Concerned Christian Citizens (2018)[2]
- Conservative Republicans of Texas (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[10][23][49][2]
- D. James Kennedy Ministries (formerly Truth in Action Ministries) (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[48][10][23][49][2]
- Faith Baptist Church (formerly Sons of Thundr) (2014, 2015, 2016)[48][10]
- Faith2Action (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[10][23][49][2]
- Faithful Word Baptist Church (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018) - formerly also listed in "general hate" category[48][51][10][23][49][2]
- Family Research Council (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[48][10][23][49][2]
- Family Research Institute (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[48][10][23][49][2]
- Family Watch International (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[48][10][23][49][2]
- Friendship Assembly of God Church (2015)[10]
- Generations / Generations With Vision (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[48][10][23][49][2]
- Help Rescue Our Children (2014)[48]
- Heterosexuals Organized for a Moral Environment (H.O.M.E.) (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[48][10][23][49][2]
- Illinois Family Institute (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[48][10][23][49][2]
- Jewish Political Action Committee (2014)[10]
- Liberty Counsel (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[48][10][23][49][2]
- MassResistance (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[48][10][23][49][2]
- Mission: America (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[48][10][23][49][2]
- Pacific Justice Institute (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[48][10][23][49][2]
- Parents Action League (2014)[48]
- Pass the Salt Ministries (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[48][10][23][49][2]
- Pilgrims Covenant Church (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[48][10][23][49][2]
- Pray in Jesus Name Project, The (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[48][10][23][49][2]
- Probe Ministries (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[48][10][23][49][2]
- Providence Road Baptist Church (2014, 2015, 2016)[48][10][23]
- Public Advocate of the United States (see Eugene Delgaudio) (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[48][10][23][49][2]
- Ruth Institute (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[48][10][23][49][2]
- SaveCalifornia.com / Save California (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[48][10][23][49][2]
- Stedfast Baptist Church (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[48][10][23][49][2]
- Sure Foundation Baptist Church (2018)[2]
- TC Family (Traverse City Family) (2014, 2015, 2016)[48][10][23]
- Tom Brown Ministries (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[48][10][23][49][2]
- Traditional Values Coalition (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017)[48][10][23][49]
- True Light Pentecost Church (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[48][10][23][49][2]
- United Families International (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[48][10][23][49][2]
- Verity Baptist Church (2016, 2017, 2018)[23][49]
- Warriors for Christ (2018)[2]
- Westboro Baptist Church (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[48][10][23][49][2]
- Windsor Hills Baptist Church (2014, 2015, 2016)[48][10][23]
- World Congress of Families/Howard Center for Family, Religion and Society/International Organization for the Family (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[48][10][23][49][2]
Anti-immigrant
The SPLC categories "the most extreme" nativist and vigilante groups as anti-immigrant hate groups, those which espouse xenophobia.[52][2] The group classifies the Center for Immigration Studies (CIS), Federation for American Immigration Reform (FAIR) and NumbersUSA, as the "big three" groups in the anti-immigrant movement.[2]
- American Border Patrol/Voice of Citizens Together (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[35][10][23][53][2]
- American Children First (2017)[53]
- Americans for Legal Immigration (ALIPAC) (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[35][10][53][2]
- American Immigration Control Foundation/Americans for Immigration Control (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[35][10][23][53][2]
- Americans Have Had Enough (2014, 2015)[35][10]
- Borderkeepers of Alabama (2016, 2017)[23][53]
- California Coalition for Immigration Reform (2014)[35]
- Californians for Population Stabilization (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[10][23][53][2]
- Camp LoneStar (2015)[10]
- Center for Immigration Studies (2016, 2017, 2018)[23][53][2]
- Colorado Alliance for Immigration Reform (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[10][23][53][2]
- Concerned Citizens and Friends of Illegal Immigration Law Enforcement (2014, 2015, 2016)[35][51][10][23]
- Federation for American Immigration Reform (FAIR)/Immigration Reform Law Institute (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[35][10][23][53][2]
- Legal Immigrants for America (2016, 2017, 2018)[23][53][2]
- National Coalition for Immigration Reform (formerly CCIR) (2015, 2016)[10][23]
- Michiganders for Immigration Control and Enforcement (2017)[53]
- Mountain Minutemen (2018)[2]
- New Yorkers for Immigration Control and Enforcement (NYICE) (2014, 2015, 2016)[35][10][23]
- North Carolinians for Immigration Reform and Enforcement (2017)[53]
- Oregonians for Immigration Reform (2017, 2018)[53][2]
- ProEnglish (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[35][10][23][53][2]
- Respect Washington (2017, 2018)[53]
- San Diegans for Secure Borders (2017, 2018)[53][2]
- Team America Political Action Committee (2017)[53] – also listed in the anti-Muslim category
- Texans for Immigration Control and Enforcement/Texans for Immigration Reduction and Enforcement (2017, 2018)[53][2]
- The Dustin Inman Society (2017, 2018)[53][2]
- The Remembrance Project (2017, 2018)[53][2]
- US Border Guard/US Border Guard & Border Rangers (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017)[35][10][23][53]
- United for a Sovereign America (2014)[35]
Holocaust denial
Holocaust denial groups are those which reject or deny the history of the Holocaust.[54]
The following groups have been listed as active Holocaust denial groups in the SPLC's annual reports (years in parentheses refer to the year in which the group is included):
- Barnes Review/Foundation for Economic Liberty, Inc. (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[10][23][55][2]
- Campaign for Radical Truth in History (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017)[56][10][55]
- carolynyeager.net (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018) – listed in the white nationalist category in 2014 and 2015, and listed in the Holocaust denial category thereafter[32][10][23][55][2]
- Castle Hill Publishers (2014, 2015)[56][10]
- Committee for Open Debate on the Holocaust (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[56][10][23][55][2]
- Deir Yassin Remembered (2016, 2017, 2018)[23][55][2]
- Inconvenient History (2014, 2015)[56][10]
- Independent History & Research (2018)[2]
- Institute for Historical Review/Institute for Historical Review Store (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[56][10][23][55][2]
- Irving Books (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017)[56][10][23][55]
- Noontide Press (2014, 2015)[56][10]
- The International Conspiratological Association (2014, 2015)[56][10]
- The Realist Report (2016, 2017, 2018)[23][55][2]
Male supremacy
The SPLC added misogynistic male supremacy groups to its hate groups list for the first time in its 2017 report (issued in 2018), stating, "The vilification of women by these groups makes them no different than other groups that demean entire populations, such as the LGBT community, Muslims or Jews, based on their inherent characteristics."[57]
- A Voice for Men (2017, 2018)[57][2]
- Return of Kings (2017, 2018)[57][2]
Neo-Völkisch
In its 2017 report (issued in 2018), the SPLC added neo-Völkisch Asatru pagan groups to its hate group list for the first time. The SPLC described these groups as "[b]orn out of an atavistic defiance of modernity and rationalism" and characterized by "organized ethnocentricity and archaic notions of gender."[33]
- Asatru Folk Assembly (2017, 2018)[33][2]
- Folkgard of Holda and Odin (2017, 2018)[33][2]
- Gallows Tree Wotansvolk Alliance (2017, 2018)[33][2] – listed in previous years in neo-Nazi category
- Gallows Tree Wotansvolk (2017)[33]
- Hoosier Headhunters Fight Club (2017)[33]
- Pacific Northwest Wolfpack Kindred (2018)[2]
- The Gallowglasses Fight Club (2017)[33]
- The Varangians Fight Club (2017)[33]
- Wolf Age (2017, 2018)[33][2]
- Wolves of Vinland (2017, 2018)[33][2] – listed in previous years in white separatist/nationalist category
Hate music
White power music is music that promotes white nationalism and expresses racism against non-whites. Genres include Nazi punk, Rock Against Communism, hatecore and National Socialist black metal.[58][59][60]
The following groups have been listed as active racist music/hate music groups in the SPLC's annual reports (years in parentheses refer to the year in which the group is included):
- American Defense Records (2016, 2017, 2018)[23][61][2]
- BeaSSt Productions (2018)[2]
- Behold Barbarity Records & Distro (2016, 2017)[23][61]
- Desastrious Records (2014)[62]
- Elegy Records (2017, 2018)[61][2]
- Get Some 88 (2014)[62]
- Hate Crime Streetwear Productions (2016)[23]
- Heritage Connection (2014, 2015)[62][10]
- Hypgnosis Records (2018)[2]
- Hostile Class Productions (2016, 2017, 2018)[23][61][2]
- ISD Records (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[62][10][23][61][2]
- Label 56 (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[62][10][23][61][2]
- Micetrap Distribution (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017)[62][10][23][61]
- MSR Productions (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[62][10][23][61][2]
- NSM88 Records (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[10][23][61][2]
- Poker Face (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017)[62][10][23][61]
- Resistance Records (2015, 2016, 2017)[10][23][61]
- Soleilmoon Recordings (2016)[23][63]
- Stahlhelm Records (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[10][23][61][2]
- Tightrope (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[62][10][23][61][2]
- United Riot Records (2016, 2017, 2018)[23][61][2]
- Vinlandic Werwolf Distribution (2018)[2]
- Wolf Tyr Productions (2016, 2017, 2018)[23][61][2]
- Wolf's Head Records (2018)[2]
Radical traditional Catholicism
According to the SPLC, radical traditionalist Catholics who "may make up the largest single group of serious anti-Semites in America", subscribe to an ideology that is rejected by the Vatican.[64]
The following groups have been listed as active radical traditional Catholic hate groups in the SPLC's annual reports (years in parentheses refer to the year in which the group is included):
- Alliance for Catholic Tradition (2014, 2015)[65][10]
- Catholic Action Resource Center (2014, 2015)[65][10]
- Catholic Counterpoint (2014, 2015, 2016)[65][10][23]
- Catholic Family News/Catholic Family Ministries, Inc. (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[65][10][23][66][2]
- Christ or Chaos (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[65][10][23][66][2]
- IHM Media (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[65][10][23][66][2]
- IHS Press (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[65][10][23][66][2]
- In the Spirit of Chartres Committee (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[65][10][23][66][2]
- Most Holy Family Monastery (2014, 2015, 2016)[65][10][23]
- OMNI Christian Book Club (2014, 2015, 2016)[65][10][23]
- Robert Sungenis (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[10][23][66] – leader of Catholic Apologetics International[67][2]
- Slaves of the Immaculate Heart of Mary (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[65][10][23][66][2]
- St. Michael's Parish/Mount St. Michael (2014, 2015)[65][10]
- The Fatima Crusader/International Fatima Rosary Crusade (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[65][10][23][66][2]
- The Remnant/The Remnant Press (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[65][10][23][66][2]
- Tradition in Action (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[10][23][66][2]
Anti-Muslim
Anti-Muslim hate groups are described by the SPLC as groups which exhibit extreme hostility against Muslims, by depicting Muslims as "fundamentally alien, ... irrational, intolerant and violent" and accusing Islam of "sanctioning pedophilia, coupled with intolerance for homosexuals and women."[68] Anti-Muslim hate groups espouse conspiratorial views of American Muslims, viewing them "as a fifth column intent on undermining and eventually replacing American democracy and Western civilization with Islamic despotism, a conspiracy theory known as 'civilization jihad.'"[68] The following groups have been listed as anti-Muslim hate groups in the SPLC's annual reports (years in parentheses refer to the year in which the group is included):
- III% Security Force (2016)[23]
- ACT! for America (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[10][23][69][2]
- Altra Firearms (2016)[23]
- American Constitution Center (2016)[23]
- American Defence League (2014, 2015)[70][10]
- American Freedom Alliance (2016, 2017, 2018)[23][69][2]
- American Freedom Defense Initiative (also known as Freedom Defense Initiative and Stop Islamization of America) (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[70][10][23][69][2]
- American Freedom Law Center (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[10][23][69][2]
- American Public Policy Alliance (2017, 2018)[69][2]
- American Security Rally of Montana (2016, 2017)[23][69]
- Americans for America (2017)[69]
- Atlas Shrugs (2014, 2015)[70][10]
- Bare Naked Islam (2014, 2015, 2016)[70][10][23]
- Bomb Islam, operated by Robert Sterkeson (2016, 2017, 2018)[23][69][2][71]
- Bureau on American Islamic Relations (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[10][69][2]
- Casa D'Ice Signs (2014, 2015)[70][10]
- Center for Security Policy (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[10][23][69][2]
- Christian Action Network (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[70][10][23][69][2]
- Christian Guardians (2014, 2015)[70][10]
- Christian Phalange (2014)[70]
- Christians and Jews United for Israel (Hillsborough, New Hampshire) (2017)[69]
- Citizens' Action Group of South Florida (2017, 2018)[69][2]
- Citizens for National Security (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[70][10][23][69][2]
- Citizens for the St. Croix Valley (2017, 2018)[69][2]
- Citizen Warrior (2014, 2015)[70][10][23]
- Clarion Project (2016, 2017, 2018)[23][69][2]
- Committee to End the CSI Refugee Center (2016, 2017)[23][69]
- Concerned American Citizens (2014)[70]
- Concerned Citizens for the First Amendment (2014)[70]
- Conservative Forum of Silicon Valley (2017)[69]
- Counter Jihadist Coalition of Southern California/Counter Jihadist Coalition (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[70][10][23][69][2]
- Counter Terrorism Cell (2017)[69]
- Cultures In Context Incorporated/Turning Point Project (2017, 2018)[69][2]
- Cumberland Conservatives (2017)[69]
- David Horowitz Freedom Center (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[10][23][69][2]
- Escaping Islam (2014)[70]
- Faith Freedom (2014, 2015, 2016)[70][10][23]
- Faith Leaders for America (2017, 2018)[69][2]
- Family Security Matters (2016, 2017, 2018)[23][69][2]
- Florida Family Association (2014, 2015, 2017, 2018) - initially listed in the "general hate" category[51][10][69][2]
- Fortress of Faith (2016, 2017, 2018)[23][69][2]
- Foundation for Advocating Christian Truth (2016, 2017, 2018)[23][69][2]
- G416 Patriots (2017, 2018)[69][2]
- Glazov Gang Productions (2018)[2]
- Global Faith Institute (2017, 2018)[69][2]
- Gold is Money (2014)[70]
- Islam: Making a True Difference in the World – One Body at a Time (2014, 2015)[70][10]
- Islam: the Religion of Peace (and a big stack of dead bodies) (2014, 2015)[70][10]
- Islamthreat.com (2014, 2015, 2016)[70][10][23]
- Jihad Watch (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[70][10][23][69][2]
- Keep South Dakota Safe PAC (2016, 2017, 2018)[23][69][2]
- Last Chance Patriots (2019)[2]
- Lincoln County Citizen Action Network (2016, 2017)[23][69]
- North Carolina Pastors Network (2018)[2]
- Pig Blood Bullets (2016, 2017)[23][69]
- Political Islam (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[70][10][23][69][2]
- Proclaiming Justice to the Nations (2017, 2018)[69][2]
- Prophet of Doom (2014, 2015)[70][10]
- Radio Jihad/Global Patriot Radio (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[70][10][23][69][2]
- Religious Awareness Network (2015, 2016)[10][23]
- Religious Freedom Coalition (2017)[69]
- Refugee Resettlement Watch (2016, 2017, 2018)[23][69][2]
- Secure Michigan (2016, 2017)[23][69]
- Security Studies Group (2017)[69]
- Sharia Awareness Action Network (2014)[70]
- Sharia Crime Stoppers (2018)[2]
- Silver Bullet Gun Oil (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017)[70][10][23][69]
- Soldiers of Odin (2016, 2017, 2018)[23][69]
- Southeast Michigan Tea Party (2017, 2018)[69][2]
- Stop the Islamization of America (SIOA) (2015)[10]
- Stop the Islamization of Nations (SION) (2014)[70]
- Stop the Islamization of the World (2015, 2016)[10][23]
- Sultan Knish, a blog by Daniel Greenfield (2014, 2015, 2016)[70][10][23]
- Sunshine on Government (SONG) Alliance (2017, 2018)[69][2]
- Team America PAC (2016)[23] – also listed in the anti-immigrant category
- Tennessee Eagle Forum (2017)[69]
- Tennessee Freedom Coalition (2014, 2015)[10]
- Treasure Valley Refugee Watch (2016)[23]
- The Crusaders (2016)[23]
- The Shoebat Foundation (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[10][23][69][2]
- The Straight Way and More (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[10][23][69][2]
- The United West (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[70][10][23][69][2]
- Truth in Love Project (2016, 2017, 2018)[23][69][2]
- Truth in Textbooks (2017, 2018)[69][2]
- Unconstrained Analytics (2017, 2018)[69][2]
- Understanding the Threat (2016, 2017, 2018)[23][69][2]
- United States Defense League (2014)[70]
- United States Justice Foundation (2014)[70]
- Virginia Christian Alliance (2016, 2017, 2018)[23][69][2]
- What Did Mohammad Do? (2015)[10]
Other
The following groups have been listed as other or miscellaneous hate groups in the SPLC's annual reports (years in parentheses refer to the year in which the group is included):
- 211 Bootboys (2017, 2018)[72][2]
- a2z Publications (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[51][10][23][72][2]
- Active Democracy (2015, 2016)[10][23]
- Aggressive Christianity (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017) – was also listed in the anti-Muslim category[70][51][10][23][72]
- American Clarion (2016, 2017)[23][72]
- American Free Press (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[51][10][23][72][2]
- American Guard (2017, 2018)[72][2]
- Artisan Publishers (2014, 2015)[51][10]
- As-Sabiqun / Masjid al Islam (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018) - initially listed separately, then together[51][10][23][72][2]
- Bill Keller Ministries (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[51][10][23][72][2]
- Chick Publications (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[51][10][23][72][2]
- Christian Anti-Defamation Commission (2014, 2015, 2016)[51][10][23]
- Christian Ministries (2015)[10]
- Concerned Citizens and Friends of Illegal Immigration Law Enforcement (2017, 2018)[72][2]
- Cultural Studies Press (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[51][10][23][72][2]
- Dixie Giftshop (2018)[2]
- Dove World Outreach Center (2014)[51]
- European-American Evangelistic Crusades (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[51][10][23][72][2]
- Fraternal Order of Alt-Knights (2017)[72]
- Fundamentalist Latter Day Saints (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[51][10][23][72][2]
- Geauga Constitutional Council (2014, 2015)[51][10]
- Hatreon (2017, 2018)[72][2]
- Hell Shaking Street Preachers (2018)[2]
- Holy Nation of Odin (2014, 2015, 2016)[51][10][23]
- Insight USA (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[51][10][23][72][2]
- Invictus Books (2014, 2015, 2016)[51][10][23]
- Jamaat al-Muslimeen (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[51][10][23][72][2]
- Jewish Defense League (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[51][10][23][72][2]
- Jewish Task Force (2016, 2017, 2018)[23][72][2]
- Kingston Group (2017, 2018)[72][2]
- Last Frontier Evangelism – Repent Alaska (2017, 2018)[72][2]
- Lordship Church (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[10][23][72][2]
- National Prayer Network (2014, 2015, 2016)[51][10][23]
- Nationalist Liberty Union (2018)[2]
- New Nation Productions (2015)[10]
- Official Street Preachers (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[51][10][23][72][2]
- Ozark Craft LC (2014, 2016, 2017, 2018)[51][23][72][2]
- Patriot Movement AZ (2018)[2]
- Power of Prophecy (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[51][10][23][72][2]
- Proud Boys (2017, 2018)[72][2]
- Reformation-Bible Puritan-Baptist Church/Vatican Assassins (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[51][10][23][72][2]
- Rense Radio Network (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[10][23][72][2]
- Repent Amarillo (2015, 2016)[10][23]
- Samanta Roy Institute of Science and Technology (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[51][10][23][72][2]
- Sharkhunters International (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[51][10][72][2]
- Society for the Practical Establishment and Perpetuation of the Ten Commandments (2014, 2015)[51][10]
- Sons of Aesir Motorcycle Club (2014, 2015)[51][10]
- Sons of Liberty Media (formerly You Can Run But You Cannot Hide International) (2014, 2016, 2017, 2018) – listed in anti-LGBT category in 2014 and the general hate category thereafter[48][23][72][2]
- Tea Party Nation (2014, 2015)[51][10]
- The Brother Nathanael Foundation (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[51][10][23][72][2]
- The Church at Kaweah (2014)[51]
- The Dakota Voice (2014, 2015)[51][10]
- Tony Alamo Christian Ministries (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018)[51][10][23][72][2]
- Truth At Last (2014, 2015)[51][10]
- White Pride Home School Resource Center (2014, 2015)[51][10]
See also
References
- "Hate Map". Southern Poverty Law Center. Retrieved February 24, 2018.
- Beirich, Heidi (Spring 2019). The Year in Hate and Extremism: Rage Against Change (PDF). Intelligence Report (Report). Montgomery, Alabama: Southern Poverty Law Center. OCLC 796223066. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 28, 2020.
- "Intelligence Report". Southern Poverty Law Center. Retrieved December 7, 2015.
- Rory McVeigh. "Structured Ignorance and Organized Racism in the United States", Social Forces, Vol. 82, No. 3, (March 2004), p. 913 via JSTOR
- Chalmers, Mark David (2003). Backfire: how the Ku Klux Klan Helped the civil rights movement, Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield, ISBN 074252311X p. 188
- Brett A. Barnett (2007). Untangling the web of hate: are online "hate sites" deserving of First Amendment Protection?. Cambria Press. p. 20. ISBN 978-1934043912.
- Montgomery, David (November 8, 2018). "The State of Hate". The Washington Post Magazine. Retrieved December 28, 2018.
- "Hatewatch". Southern Poverty Law Center.
- "Active Hate Groups in the United States in 2014". Southern Poverty Law Center. March 10, 2015. Retrieved December 7, 2015.
- Active Hate Groups in the United States in 2015. Intelligence Report (Report). Montgomery, Alabama: Southern Poverty Law Center. February 4, 2016. OCLC 796223066. Archived from the original on December 30, 2017.
- "The Year in Hate and Extremism". Southern Poverty Law Center.
- "Hate groups in US grow for third straight year: SPLC". aljazeera.com.
- The Year in Hate and Extremism 2019 (PDF) (Report). Montgomery, Alabama: Southern Poverty Law Center. 2020. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 11, 2020.
- Williams, Casey (April 27, 2016). "How Anonymous Is Fighting White Supremacy Online". Huffington Post.
- Frumin, Ben (November 20, 2010). "Family Research Council Rips SPLC Over 'Slanderous' Hate Group Designation". talkingpointsmemo.com. Talking Points Memo. Retrieved May 3, 2017.
- Sherman, Amy (March 22, 2017). "Is the Center for Immigration Studies a hate group, as the Southern Poverty Law Center says?". Politifact Florida. Tampa Bay Times. Retrieved May 3, 2017.
- Bixby, Scott (January 16, 2019). "Anti-Immigration Group Uses Mafia Law to Attack SPLC". Retrieved February 20, 2019.
- Feuerherd, Ben (January 17, 2019). "Anti-immigration group sues SPLC over inclusion on hate list". New York Post. Retrieved February 20, 2019.
- U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia (September 13, 2019) "Memorandum & Opinion"
- Kunzelman, Michael (September 16, 2019). "Judge tosses lawsuit over law center's hate group labels". Associated Press. Retrieved September 16, 2019.
- Silverstein, Ken (March 22, 2010). "'Hate,' Immigration, and the Southern Poverty Law Center". Harpers.org. Harper's Magazine. Retrieved May 2, 2017.
- Jonsson, Patrik (February 23, 2011). "Annual report cites rise in hate groups, but some ask: What is hate?", Christian Science Monitor. accessed 2 May 2017.
- Active Hate Groups 2016. Intelligence Report (Report). Montgomery, Alabama: Southern Poverty Law Center. February 15, 2017. OCLC 796223066. Archived from the original on October 29, 2020.
- 2017 KKK hate groups, Southern Poverty Law Center.
- See, in general:
- O'Donnell, Patrick (Editor), 2006. Ku Klux Klan America's First Terrorists Exposed, p. 210; ISBN 1419649787.
- Chalmers, David Mark, 2003. Backfire: How the Ku Klux Klan Helped the Civil Rights Movement, p. 163. ISBN 978-0742523111.
- Berlet, Chip; Lyons, Matthew Nemiroff (2000). Right-wing populism in America: too close for comfort. Guilford Press. p. 60; ISBN 978-1572305625.
- Rory McVeigh, The rise of the Ku Klux Klan: right-wing movements and national politics organizations. University of Minnesota Press. 2009. ISBN 978-0816656196
- Charles Quarles, The Ku Klux Klan and related American racialist and antisemitic organizations: a history and analysis, McFarland, 1999. ISBN 978-0786438877
- Levin, Brian "Cyberhate: A Legal and Historical Analysis of Extremists' Use of Computer Networks in America" in Perry, Barbara (editor). Hate and Bias Crime: A Reader. p. 112 ISBN 978-0415944083
- Lee McGowan (2002). The Radical Right in Germany: 1870 to the Present. Pearson Education. pp. 9, 178. ISBN 0582291933. OCLC 49785551.
- Lee, Martin A. 1997. The Beast Reawakens. Boston: Little, Brown and Co, pp. 85–118, 214–34, 277–81, 287–330, 333–78. On Volk concept", and a discussion of ethnonationalist integralism, see pp. 215–18
- Ondřej Cakl & Klára Kalibová (2002). "Neo-Nazism". Faculty of Humanities at Charles University in Prague, Department of Civil Society Studies. Retrieved December 8, 2007.
Neo-Nazism: An ideology that draws upon the legacy of the Nazi Third Reich, the main pillars of which are an admiration for Adolf Hitler, aggressive nationalism ("nothing but the nation"), and hatred of Jews, foreigners, ethnic minorities, homosexuals and everyone who is different in some way.
- Werner Bergmann; Rainer Erb (1997). Anti-Semitism in Germany: The Post-Nazi Epoch Since 1945. Transaction Publishers. p. 91. ISBN 1560002700. OCLC 35318351.
In contrast to today, in which rigid authoritarianism and neo-Nazism are characteristic of marginal groups, open or latent leanings toward Nazi ideology in the 1940s and 1950s
- 2017 neo-Nazi hate groups, Southern Poverty Law Center.
- "Active Neo-Nazi Groups". Southern Poverty Law Center. Retrieved July 10, 2014.
- Active White Nationalist Groups (Report) (2014 ed.). Montgomery, Alabama: Southern Poverty Law Center. March 2, 2015. Archived from the original on January 16, 2016.
- 2017 neo-Volkisch hate groups, Southern Poverty Law Center.
- 2017 White Nationalist Hate Groups (PDF) (Report). Montgomery, Alabama: Southern Poverty Law Center. 2018. Archived from the original on April 4, 2018.
- "Active Anti-Immigrant Groups". Southern Poverty Law Center. Retrieved July 9, 2014.
- 2017 racist skinhead hate groups, Southern Poverty Law Center.
- "White Power Music". Anti-Defamation League. 2005. Archived from the original on October 11, 2007. Retrieved October 7, 2007.
- "Immigration Fueling White Supremacists". CBS News. February 6, 2007.
- "Active Racist Skinhead Groups". Southern Poverty Law Center. Retrieved July 10, 2014.
- Antigoverment Movement, Southern Poverty Law Center.
- 2017 black nationalist hate groups, Southern Poverty Law Center.
- "Active Black Separatist Groups". Southern Poverty Law Center. Retrieved July 9, 2014.
- 2017 neo-Confederate hate groups, Southern Poverty Law Center.
- "Active Neo-Confederate Groups". Southern Poverty Law Center. Retrieved July 10, 2014.
- 2017 Christian identity hate groups, Southern Poverty Law Center.
- For background see:
- Eck, Diane (2001). A New Religious America: How a "Christian Country" has become the world's most religiously diverse nation. New York: HarperCollins Publishers. p. 347.
- Buck, Christopher (2009). Religious Myths and Visions of America: How Minority Faiths Redefined America's World Role. Praeger. pp. 107–08, 213. ISBN 978-0313359590.
- "Christian Identity". Adl.org. Archived from the original on January 19, 2012. Retrieved January 24, 2012.
- Barkun, Michael (1996). "preface". Religion and the Racist Right: The Origins of the Christian Identity Movement. University of North Carolina Press. pp. x, xii, xiii. ISBN 0807823287.
- "Active Christian Identity Groups". Southern Poverty Law Center. Retrieved July 9, 2014.
- "Active Anti-LGBT Groups". Southern Poverty Law Center. Retrieved July 9, 2014.
- 2017 anti-LGBT hate groups, Southern Povety Law Center.
- "SPLC adds 'Sodomist Semen' pastor's church to list of anti-LGBTI hate groups". Gay Star News. May 16, 2015. Retrieved August 10, 2016.
- "Active Hate Groups in the United States in 2014 – General Hate". Southern Poverty Law Center. Retrieved February 4, 2016.
- "Extremist Files: Ideology: Anti-immigrant". Southern Poverty Law Center.
- 2017 anti-immigrant hate groups, Southern Poverty Law Center.
- In general see:
- Donald L Niewyk, The Columbia Guide to the Holocaust, Columbia University Press, 2000, p. 45 ISBN 978-0231112017
- Michael Shermer & Alex Grobman. Denying History: : who Says the Holocaust Never Happened and why Do They Say It?, University of California Press, 2000; ISBN 0520234693, p. 106.
- Deborah Lipstadt. Denying the Holocaust – The Growing Assault onTruth and Memory, Penguin, 1993; ISBN 0452272742, p. 27.
- Introduction: Denial as Anti-Semitism Archived June 4, 2011, at the Wayback Machine, "Holocaust Denial: An Online Guide to Exposing and Combating Anti-Semitic Propaganda", Anti-Defamation League, 2001; retrieved June 12, 2007.
- Lawrence N. Powell, Troubled Memory: Anne Levy, the Holocaust, and David Duke's Louisiana, University of North Carolina Press, 2000, ISBN 0807853747, p. 445.
- "How many Jews were murdered in the Holocaust? How do we know? Do we have their names?" Archived January 14, 2012, at the Wayback Machine, The Holocaust Resource Center Faqs, Yad Vashem website; accessed February 17, 2011.
- Mathis, Andrew E. Holocaust Denial, a Definition Archived June 9, 2011, at the Wayback Machine, The Holocaust History Project, July 2, 2004; retrieved December 18, 2006.
- Michael Shermer and Alex Grobman. Denying History: who Says the Holocaust Never Happened and why Do They Say It?, University of California Press, 2000; ISBN 0520234693, p. 3.
- Holocaust Denial, Anti-Defamation League, 2001. Retrieved June 28, 2007.
- The nature of Holocaust denial: What is Holocaust denial?, Institute for Jewish Policy Research, JPR report No. 3, 2000.
- 2017 Holocaust denial hate groups, Southern Poverty Law Center.
- "Active Holocaust Denial Groups". Southern Poverty Law Center. Retrieved July 9, 2014.
- "The Year in Hate: Trump buoyed white supremacists in 2017, sparking backlash among black nationalist groups". Southern Poverty Law Center. December 8, 2017. Retrieved February 21, 2018.
- Intelligence Report: a project of the Southern Poverty Law Center, Issues 133–136; Southern Poverty Law Center, Klanwatch Project, Southern Poverty Law Center. Militia Task Force, Publisher Klanwatch, 2009.
- Messner, Beth A., Art Jipson, Paul J. Becker and Bryan Byers. 2007. "The Hardest Hate: A Sociological Analysis of Country Hate Music: From Rebel Records to Prussian Blue: A History of White Racialist Music in the United States". Popular Music and Society. 30(4):513–31.
- Pulera, Dominic J.,Sharing the Dream: White Males in a Multicultural America, pp. 309–11.
- 2017 hate music groups, Southern Poverty Law Center.
- "Active Racist Music Groups". Southern Poverty Law Center. Retrieved July 10, 2014.
- Schmid, Thacher (February 21, 2017). "A Northeast Portland Record Label Lands on a National Hate-Group Registry: The Alberta Street company's top-selling product is the music of an alleged neo-Nazi band from England". Willamette Week. Retrieved May 9, 2017.
- Radical Traditional Catholicism, Intelligence Files, Southern Poverty Law Center, 2011.
- "Active Radical Traditional Catholicism Groups". Southern Poverty Law Center. Retrieved July 10, 2014.
- 2017 radical traditional Catholicism hate groups, Southern Poverty Law Center.
- Heidi Beirich, Radical Powerhouse, Intelligence Report, Southern Poverty Law Center (2015).
- "Anti-Muslim". Southern Poverty Law Center.
- 2017 anti-Muslim hate groups, Southern Poverty Law Center.
- "Active Anti-Muslim Groups". Intelligence Report. Southern Poverty Law Center. Spring 2015.
- "Self-proclaimed Nazi who says he flew a swastika flag at a Bernie Sanders rally still has a YouTube account". Media Matters for America. Retrieved March 11, 2020.
This would not be the first time Sterkeson — who also goes by his handle “Bomb Islam” — has spewed bigotry at a public event. In 2017, a fellow vlogger filmed Sterkeson yelling anti-Islam sentiments at a Council on American-Islamic Relations event featuring Women’s March co-founder Linda Sarsour in Mesa, Arizona. In the video, Sterkeson approached people with professional cameras and began shouting about his belief that “every single one of them has to go.” Later in the video, a man in a Pepe the frog mask goes inside the lobby of the event hosted at a hotel and tears up a Quran while the person holding the camera calls the Muslims assembled there “bearded monkeys,” saying they have “no place in America.”
- 2017 General Hate groups, Southern Poverty Law Center.