List of major and official Austronesian languages
This is a list of major and official Austronesian languages, a language family originating from Taiwan, that is widely dispersed throughout the islands of Southeast Asia and the Pacific, with a few members spoken on continental Asia and Madagascar.
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Map showing the distribution of language families; the pink color shows where Austronesian languages are spoken.
Official languages
Sovereign countries
| Language | Speakers | Native name | Official status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chamic languages | 5,000,000 | Bahsa Acèh/بهسا اچيه/Bahsa Cam/بهسا تشام |  Vietnam  Indonesia |
| Fijian | 639,210 | Na Vosa Vakaviti |  Fiji |
| Tagalog (Filipino) | 20,000,000 (L1) 80,000,000 (L2) | Wikang Filipino/Tagalog |  Philippines |
| Formosan languages | 171,855 | many variants |  Taiwan |
| Gilbertese | 103,000 | Taetae ni Kiribati |  Kiribati |
| Hiri Motu | 120,000 (L2) | Hiri Motu |  Papua New Guinea |
| Malay (Malaysian/Indonesian) | 250,000,000 | Bahasa Melayu/Bahasa Malaysia/Bahasa Indonesia/بهاس ملايو |  Malaysia Indonesia  Singapore  Brunei |
| Malagasy | 18,000,000 | Fiteny Malagasy |  Madagascar |
| Māori | 150,000 | Te Reo Māori |  New Zealand |
| Marshallese | 55,000 | Kajin M̧ajeļ |  Marshall Islands |
| Nauruan | 6,000 | Dorerin Naoero |  Nauru |
| Palauan | 15,000 | Tekoi er a Belau |  Palau |
| Samoan | 510,000 | Gagana Sāmoa |  Samoa |
| Tetum | 800,000 | Lia-Tetun |  East Timor |
| Tongan | 108,000 | Lea Faka-Tonga |  Tonga |
| Tuvaluan | 13,000 | Te Ggana/Gagana Tuuvalu |  Tuvalu |
Territories
| Language | Speakers | Native name | Official status | Country |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Carolinian | 5,700 | Refaluwasch |  Northern Mariana Islands |  United States |
| Chamorro | 95,000 | Fino' Chamoru |  Guam Northern Mariana Islands | United States |
| Cook Islands Māori | 14,000 | Māori Kūki 'Āirani Te Reo Ipukarea |  Cook Islands | New Zealand |
| Hawaiian | 24,000 | ʻŌlelo Hawaiʻi |  Hawaii | United States |
| Kanak |  New Caledonia |  France | ||
| Niuean | 8,000 | Ko e Vagahau Niuē |  Niue | New Zealand |
| Rapa Nui | 5,000 | Vananga Rapa Nui |  Easter Island |  Chile |
| Samoan | 55,000 | Gagana Sāmoa |  American Samoa | United States |
| Sonsorolese | 600 | Ramari Dongosaro |  Sonsorol | Palau |
| Tahitian | 120,000 | Reo Mā'ohi/Tahiti |  French Polynesia | France |
| Tobian | 100 | Ramarih Hatohobei |  Hatohobei | Palau |
| Tokelauan | 3,500 | Gagana Tokelau |  Tokelau | New Zealand |
Major languages
- Languages with at least 3 million native speakers
- Javanese (100 million)
- Malay (Malaysian/Indonesian) (77 million native, ~250 million total)
- Tagalog (Filipino) (47 million native, ~100 million total)
- Sundanese (42 million)
- Cebuano (19 million native, ~30 million total)
- Malagasy (17 million)
- Madurese (14 million)
- Ilokano (8 million native, ~10 million total)
- Hiligaynon (Ilonggo) (7 million native, ~11 million total)
- Batak (8.5 million, all dialects)
- Minangkabau (7 million)
- Bugis (5 million)
- Bikol (4.6 million, all dialects)
- Banjar (4.5 million)
- Acehnese (3.5 million)
- Balinese (3 million)
Dialects and creoles
- Dialects of major Austronesian languages
- Banyumas Javanese (15,000,000 native, Indonesia)
- Osing Javanese (300,000 native, Indonesia)
- Batak Alas language (200,000 native, Indonesia)
- Batak Angkola language (750,000 native, Indonesia)
- Batak Karo language (600,000 native, Indonesia)
- Batak Mandailing language (1,100,000 native, Indonesia)
- Batak Simalungun language (1,200,000 native, Indonesia)
- Batak Pakpak language (1,200,000 native, Indonesia)
- Batak Toba language (2,000,000 native, Indonesia)
- Central Bikol language (2,500,000 native, Philippines)
- Albay Bikol language (1,900,000 native, Philippines)
- Itbayat language (3,500 native, Philippines)
- Pattani Malay (1,500,000 native, Thailand)
- Kelantan Malay (1,600,000 native, Malaysia)
- Terengganu Malay (1,100,000 native, Malaysia)
- Pahang Malay (1,000,000 native, Malaysia)
- Perak Malay (1,400,000 native, Malaysia)
- Jambi Malay (700,000 native, Indonesia)
- Kedah Malay (5,000,000 native, Malaysia)
- Palembang Malay (3,100,000 native, Indonesia)
- Creoles and pidgins based on Austronesian languages
- Betawi language (3,000,000 native, Indonesia)
- Sri Lanka Malay (50,000, Sri Lanka)
- Cocos Malay (4,000, Australia and Malaysia)
- Baba Malay (500,000, Indonesia and Malaysia)
- Sabah Malay (3,000,000, Malaysia)
- Ambonese Malay (250,000 native, Indonesia)
- Papuan Malay (500,000, Indonesia)
- Manado Malay (850,000, Indonesia)
- North Moluccan Malay (700,000, Indonesia)
- Broome Pearling Lugger Pidgin (40?, Australia)
- Chetty Malay (300?, Malaysia)
- Bahasa Rojak (Malaysia)
References
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