List of introduced species

A complete list of introduced species for even quite small areas of the world would be dauntingly long. Humans have introduced more different species to new environments than any single document can hope to record. This list is generally for established species with truly wild populations— not kept domestichally—that have been seen numerous times, and have breeding populations. While most introduced species can cause a negative impact to new environments they reach, some can have a positive impact, just for conservation purpose.

Australia
See also: List of invasive species in Australia and Invasive species in Australia

Mammals

Birds

Fish

Reptiles

Amphibians

Arthropods

Molluscs

Echinoderms

Worms

Plants

Around 15% of Australia's flora is made up of introduced species.[57] The following is a non-inclusive list of some of the more significant plant species.

See also: List of invasive species in Australia § Plants

British Isles and other European islands
See also: Invasive species in the British Isles

Further information can be found at the,[58] which has a free tool kit of resources on non-native species, including a photo gallery, ID sheets, risk assessments, projects database, case studies and resources for local action groups.

Mammals

Birds
Main article: List of non-native birds of Great Britain

Fish

Amphibians

Reptiles

Crustaceans

Insects

Butterflies and moths

Ants

Coleoptera (beetles)

Arachnids

Molluscs

Worms

Other Animals

Plants

Hawaiian Islands
See also: Invasive species in Hawaii, List of animal species introduced to the Hawaiian Islands, and List of bird species introduced to the Hawaiian Islands

Mammals

*Wild pig

Birds

Primary source for this list is Robert L. Pyle and Peter Pyle, The Birds of the Hawaiian Islands[109] unless otherwise stated

Reptiles

Amphibians

Primary source for this list is Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database[123] unless otherwise stated.

Fish

Primary source for this list is Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database[123] unless otherwise stated.

Arthropods

* Adoretus sinicus (Chinese rose beetle) [124]

Plants

Other species

New Zealand
See also: Invasive species in New Zealand

Mammals

Birds

Reptiles

Amphibians

Fish

Insects

Arachnids

Other Animals

Plants

Up to 26,000 plants have been introduced into New Zealand. This list is a few of the more common and more invasive species.

United States and Canada
See also: List of invasive species in North America

Mammals

Birds

Reptiles

Amphibians

Primary source for this list is Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database[123] unless otherwise stated.

Fish

Primary source for this list is Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database[123] unless otherwise stated.

Crustaceans

Primary source for this list is Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database[123] unless otherwise stated.

Mollusks

Marine[123]

Freshwater[123]

Terrestrial

Worms

Insects

[316]

Beetles and relatives

[317]

Crickets

Flies and allies

[317]

Termites

Sawflies

Aphids, whiteflies, and scale insects

Ants

Bees

[356]

Wasps

Moths and butterflies

[317]

Other insects

Arachnids

Jellyfishes

Other animals

Plants

This is a non-exhaustive list of some of the more significant plant species

Oomycetes

Central America, Caribbean islands and Mexico

Mammals

Birds

Reptiles

Amphibians

Fish

Insects

Arachnids

Worms

Crustaceans

Mollusks

South America

Mammals

Birds

Amphibians

Fish

Insects

Arachnids

Crustaceans

Mollusks

Continental Europe

Mammals

Birds

Reptiles

Amphibians

Fish

Crustaceans

Insects

Molluscs

Other Animals

Asia excluding Japan
See also: List of invasive species in Asia

Mammals

Birds

Reptiles

Amphibians

Fish

Insects

Other arthropods

Molluscs

Other Animals

Japan
See also: Invasive species in Japan

Mammals

Birds

Reptiles

Amphibians

Fish

Insects

Other Arthropods

Molluscs

Other Animals

Africa
Main article: List of invasive species in Africa

Mammals

Birds

Reptiles

Amphibians

Fish

Crustaceans

Insects

Molluscs

Worms

Other Animals

Plants

Oceania and remote islands

Mammals

Birds

Reptiles

Amphibians

Insects

Molluscs

Worms

See also

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  300. "Amphibalanus improvisus (bay barnacle)". www.cabi.org.
  301. "Limnoria quadripunctata (gribble)". www.cabi.org.
  302. "Musculista senhousia | The Exotics Guide". www.exoticsguide.org.
  303. "MarLIN - The Marine Life Information Network - Slipper limpet (Crepidula fornicata)". www.marlin.ac.uk.
  304. "Crepidula fornicata (American slipper limpet)". www.cabi.org.
  305. "Littorina littorea | The Exotics Guide". www.exoticsguide.org.
  306. "Myosotella myosotis | The Exotics Guide". www.exoticsguide.org.
  307. "Corbula amurensis | The Exotics Guide". www.exoticsguide.org.
  308. "Venerupis philippinarum | The Exotics Guide". www.exoticsguide.org.
  309. "Deroceras reticulatum (grey field slug)". www.cabi.org.
  311. "Ficopomatus enigmaticus | The Exotics Guide". www.exoticsguide.org.
  312. "GISD". www.iucngisd.org.
  313. "Anguillicoloides crassus". www.cabi.org.
  314. "Lumbricus rubellus". www.cabi.org.
  315. "Lumbricus terrestris". www.cabi.org.
  316. "List of non-native arthropods in North America. - BugGuide.Net". bugguide.net.
  317. "List of non-native arthropods in North America. Part II - BugGuide.Net". bugguide.net.
  318. "Xyleborus dispar (pear blight beetle)". www.cabi.org.
  319. "Xyleborus similis". www.cabi.org.
  320. "Eucalyptus Longhorned Borer". Center for Invasive Species Research.
  321. "Epitrix tuberis (tuber flea beetle)". www.cabi.org.
  322. Frank, J. H.; Fish, D. (2008). "Potential Biodiversity Loss in Florida Bromeliad Phytotelmata due to Metamasius callizona (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae), an Invasive Species". Florida Entomologist. 91: 1–8. doi:10.1653/0015-4040(2008)091[0001:PBLIFB]2.0.CO;2. ISSN 0015-4040.
  323. "mole crickets - Neoscapteriscus spp". entnemdept.ufl.edu.
  324. "Tipula paludosa (European crane fly)". www.cabi.org.
  325. "Anastrepha suspensa (Caribbean fruit fly)". www.cabi.org.
  326. "Rhagoletis pomonella (apple maggot)". www.cabi.org.
  327. "Ash Whitefly". Center for Invasive Species Research.
  328. "Aleurocanthus woglumi (citrus blackfly)". www.cabi.org.
  329. "Ficus Whitefly". Center for Invasive Species Research.
  330. "Giant Whitefly". Center for Invasive Species Research.
  331. "Black Olive Scale". Center for Invasive Species Research.
  332. "Citricola Scale". Center for Invasive Species Research.
  333. "Red Gum Lerp Psyllid". Center for Invasive Species Research.
  334. "Asian Wooly Hackberry Aphid". Center for Invasive Species Research.
  335. "Vine Mealybug". Center for Invasive Species Research.
  336. "Phenacoccus solenopsis (cotton mealybug)". www.cabi.org.
  337. "GISD". www.iucngisd.org.
  338. "GISD". www.iucngisd.org.
  340. "Solenopsis richteri Forel". mississippientomologicalmuseum.org.msstate.edu.
  341. "GISD". www.iucngisd.org.
  342. "GISD". www.iucngisd.org.
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  345. "GISD". www.iucngisd.org.
  346. "GISD". www.iucngisd.org.
  347. "GISD". www.iucngisd.org.
  348. "tawny crazy ant - Nylanderia pubens (Forel)". entnemdept.ufl.edu.
  349. "GISD". www.iucngisd.org.
  350. "GISD". www.iucngisd.org.
  351. "GISD". www.iucngisd.org.
  353. "GISD". www.iucngisd.org.
  354. "little fire ant - Wasmannia auropunctata (Roger)". entnemdept.ufl.edu.
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  356. "Anthophila (Apoidea) - Bees - BugGuide.Net". bugguide.net.
  357. "Blue Gum Galling Wasp". Center for Invasive Species Research.
  358. "Acrolepiopsis assectella (leek moth)". www.cabi.org.
  359. "Archips fuscocupreanus". www.cabi.org.
  360. "Crocidosema plebejana (cotton tipworm)". www.cabi.org.
  361. "Light Brown Apple Moth". Center for Invasive Species Research.
  362. "Red Bug". Center for Invasive Species Research.
  363. "Avocado Lace Bug". Center for Invasive Species Research.
  364. "Taeniothrips inconsequens | Browse Species | Thrips of California". keys.lucidcentral.org.
  365. "Avocado Thrips". Center for Invasive Species Research.
  367. "European Spider". Center for Invasive Species Research.
  368. "Persea Mite". Center for Invasive Species Research.
  369. "Acarapis woodi (honeybee mite)". www.cabi.org.
  370. "freshwater jellyfish, Craspedacusta sowerbyi Hydroida: Olindiidae". www.invasive.org.
  372. "Diadumene lineata | The Exotics Guide". www.exoticsguide.org.
  373. "Botrylloides violaceus | The Exotics Guide". www.exoticsguide.org.
  374. "Botryllus schlosseri | The Exotics Guide". www.exoticsguide.org.
  375. "Styela clava | The Exotics Guide". www.exoticsguide.org.
  376. "Ailanthus altissima | Invasive Species List and Scorecards for California". ice.ucdavis.edu.
  377. "Acacia nilotica (gum arabic tree)". www.cabi.org.
  378. "Acacia auriculiformis (northern black wattle)". www.cabi.org.
  379. "Acacia crassicarpa (northern wattle)". www.cabi.org.
  380. "Acacia saligna (Port Jackson wattle)". www.cabi.org.
  381. "Acacia melanoxylon (Australian blackwood)". www.cabi.org.
  382. "Schefflera actinophylla (umbrella tree)". www.cabi.org.
  383. "Falcataria moluccana (batai wood)". www.cabi.org.
  384. "Albizia saman (rain tree)". www.cabi.org.
  385. "Prunus cerasifera | Invasive Species List and Scorecards for California". ice.ucdavis.edu.
  389. "GISD".
  390. "Bambusa vulgaris (Common bamboo)".
  391. "Phyllostachys aurea (Golden bamboo)".
  392. "Phyllostachys aureosulcata (Yellow groove bamboo)".
  393. "Allium vineale | Invasive Species List and Scorecards for California".
  394. "Daucus carota | Invasive Species List and Scorecards for California".
  395. "Raphanus sativus | Invasive Species List and Scorecards for California".
  396. "Nothoscordum inodorum | Invasive Species List and Scorecards for California".
  397. "Robinia pseudoacacia (black locust)". www.cabi.org.
  398. "Gleditsia triacanthos (honey locust)". www.cabi.org.
  400. "USDA APHIS | Home Landing Page" (PDF).
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  402. "GISD". www.iucngisd.org.
  403. "Official Home of the Swimming Pigs".
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  406. "GISD".
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  410. "Monkeys break free in great escape from research facility in Puerto Rico". The Guardian. Associated Press. 2015-06-28.
  411. "Puerto Rico's Monkey Island Lures Scientists for Generations".
  412. "GISD".
  413. "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  414. "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  415. "Turkey Vulture (Cathartes aura)".
  416. "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  417. "Chukar (Alectoris chukar)".
  418. "Crested Bobwhite (Colinus cristatus)".
  420. Blackburn, Tim M.; Lockwood, Julie L.; Cassey, Phillip (2009-06-25). Avian Invasions: The Ecology and Evolution of Exotic Birds. ISBN 9780199232543.
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  426. "Orange-cheeked Waxbill (Estrilda melpoda)".
  427. "Bronze Mannikin (Spermestes cucullata)".
  428. "Saffron Finch (Sicalis flaveola)".
  429. "Grassland Yellow-finch (Sicalis luteola)".
  430. "Cuban Grassquit (Phonipara canora)".
  431. "Venezuelan Troupial (Icterus icterus)".
  432. "Carib Grackle (Quiscalus lugubris)".
  433. "Molothrus bonariensis (Shiny cowbird)".
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  435. "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
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  442. "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  443. "Brown-throated Parakeet (Eupsittula pertinax)".
  444. "Hispaniolan Amazon (Amazona ventralis)".
  445. "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  446. "Common Caiman (Caiman crocodilus) - Species Profile".
  447. "GISD".
  448. "Micropterus salmoides (largemouth bass)". www.cabi.org.
  449. "Xiphophorus maculatus (southern platyfish)". www.cabi.org.
  450. "GISD".
  452. "Toxoptera citricida (Black citrus aphid)".
  453. "Euglandina rosea (Rosy predator snail)".
  454. "GISD".
  455. "Melanoides tuberculata (red-rimmed melania)". www.cabi.org.
  456. "Pomacea canaliculata (golden apple snail)". www.cabi.org.
  457. "Falklands' endemic bird species".
  458. "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  459. "White-winged Parakeet (Brotogeris versicolurus)".
  460. "European Greenfinch (Chloris chloris)". www.hbw.com.
  461. "Common Waxbill (Estrilda astrild)".
  462. "Village Weaver (Ploceus cucullatus)".
  463. "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  464. "Distribution of arapaima (Arapaima gigas) (Pisces: Arapaimatidae) in Bolivia: Implications in the control and management of a non-native population".
  465. Coronado-Carrascal, Víctor; Acero p, Arturo; García-Urueña, Rocío. "Reef fish community in presence of the lionfish (Pterois volitans) in Santa Marta, Colombian Caribbean". Revista MVZ Córdoba. 20: 4989–5003.
  466. "Salmo trutta (sea trout)". www.cabi.org.
  467. "FAO Fisheries & Aquaculture - Introductions of Aquatic Species".
  468. Avendaño, Carlos Mario Marín; Ramírez, Néstor Jaime Aguirre (2017). "Spatial and temporal variation of fish assemblage associated with aquatic macrophyte patches in the littoral zone of the Ayapel Swamp Complex, Colombia". Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia. 29. doi:10.1590/s2179-975x6016.
  469. "Aedes albopictus (Asian tiger mosquito)". www.cabi.org.
  470. "Anastrepha fraterculus (South American fruit fly)".
  471. "Bemisia tabaci (tobacco whitefly)". www.cabi.org.
  472. "Linepithema humile (Argentine ant)". www.cabi.org.
  474. "Raoiella indica (red palm mite)". www.cabi.org.
  475. "Cherax cainii (smooth marron)". www.cabi.org.
  476. "Cherax quadricarinatus (redclaw crayfish)". www.cabi.org.
  478. "Macrobrachium rosenbergii (Giant freshwater prawn)".
  479. "Penaeus monodon (giant tiger prawn)". www.cabi.org.
  480. "European Exotic and Introduced Mammals". World of European Exotic and Introduced Species.
  481. "Chinese water deer photo - Hydropotes inermis - G35772 | ARKive". Archived from the original on 2014-03-05.
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  483. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2017-01-13. Retrieved 2017-01-12.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  484. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2017-01-13. Retrieved 2017-01-12.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  485. "Lepus europaeus (European hare)". www.cabi.org.
  486. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2018-02-16. Retrieved 2017-10-03.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  488. "Red-legged Partridge (Alectoris rufa)". www.hbw.com.
  489. "Barbary Partridge (Alectoris barbara)".
  490. "Grey Partridge (Perdix perdix)".
  491. "Mainá-de-crista (Acridotheres cristatellus)".
  492. "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  493. "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
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  496. "GISD".
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  498. "Sahel chameleon - Chamaeleo africanus - ARKive". Archived from the original on 2009-02-12.
  499. "Lampropeltis californiae".
  500. "European Reptiles and Amphibians - non native and Introduced Species".
  501. Baduy, Flávia; Guerreiro, Pedro M.; Canário, Adelino V.; Saraiva, João L. (2017). "Social organization and endocrine profiles of Australoheros facetus, an exotic freshwater fish in southern Portugal". Acta Ethologica. 20 (3): 263–277. doi:10.1007/s10211-017-0271-6. S2CID 28422338.
  502. "Carassius auratus auratus (goldfish)". www.cabi.org.
  503. "Carassius gibelio (Prussian carp)". www.cabi.org.
  504. "Cyprinus carpio (common carp)". www.cabi.org.
  505. "Esox lucius (Pike)".
  506. "Oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout)". www.cabi.org.
  507. "Sander lucioperca (pike-perch)". www.cabi.org.
  508. "Bay barnacle (Balanus improvisus)" (PDF). Främmande arter i svenska hav. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 12, 2010. Retrieved April 18, 2010.
  509. "Limnomysis benedeni". www.cabi.org.
  510. "Limnoria lignorum (gribble)". www.cabi.org.
  511. Holdich, D. and Black, J. 2007, The spiny-cheek crayfish, Orconectes limosus (Rafinesque, 1817) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Cambaridae), digs into the UK
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  513. "Palaemon elegans (rock shrimp)". www.cabi.org.
  514. Invasive Alien Species Fact Sheet: Paralithodes camtschaticus, North European and Baltic Network on Invasive Alien Species. Retrieved on 2009-04-10.
  515. "Pontogammarus robustoides". www.cabi.org.
  516. Procambarus clarkii alien range, Global Invasive Species Database. Retrieved on 2009-04-10.
  517. "Adelges piceae (balsam woolly adelgid)". www.cabi.org.
  518. "Aleurodicus dispersus (whitefly)". www.cabi.org.
  519. "Aromia bungii (red necked longicorn)". www.cabi.org.
  520. "Cacyreus marshalli (pelargonium butterfly)". www.cabi.org.
  521. "Cydalima perspectalis (box tree moth)". www.cabi.org.
  522. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-03-20. Retrieved 2017-09-23.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  523. Harmonia axyridis alien range. Global Invasive Species Database. Retrieved on 2009-04-10.
  524. Invasive Alien Species in Northern Ireland: Leptinotarsa decemlineata, Archived 2011-05-19 at the Wayback Machine. National Museums Northern Ireland. Retrieved on 2009-04-10.
  526. "Phoracantha semipunctata (eucalyptus longhorned borer)". www.cabi.org.
  527. "Rhagoletis cingulata (cherry fruit fly)". www.cabi.org.
  528. "GISD". www.iucngisd.org.
  529. "Corbicula fluminalis". www.cabi.org.
  530. Morais, P.; et al. (2009). "The Asian clam Corbicula fluminea (Müller, 1774) in the Guadiana River Basin (southwestern Iberian Peninsula): Setting the record straight" (PDF). Aquatic Invasions. 4 (4): 681–684. doi:10.3391/ai.2009.4.4.14.
  531. Popa, O.; Popa, L. O. (2006). "Sinanodonta woodiana (Lea, 1834), Corbicula fluminea (O. F. Müller, 1774), Dreissena bugensis (Andrusov, 1897) (Mollusca: Bivalvia): Alien invasive species in Romanian fauna" (PDF). Travaux du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle "Grigore Antipa". 49: 7–12. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-02-20. Retrieved 2017-09-21.
  532. "Dreissena rostriformis bugensis (quagga mussel)". www.cabi.org.
  533. "100 of the worst invasive species in Europe".
  534. "Bugula neritina (brown bryozoan)". www.cabi.org.
  535. "Ficopomatus enigmaticus (tubeworm)". www.cabi.org.
  536. "Globodera rostochiensis (yellow potato cyst nematode)". www.cabi.org.
  537. "Marenzelleria neglecta (red gilled mud worm)". www.cabi.org.
  538. "Microcosmus squamiger". www.cabi.org.
  539. "Polyandrocarpa zorritensis". www.cabi.org.
  540. "Schizoporella errata (branching bryozoan)". www.cabi.org.
  541. Styela clava alien range. Global Invasive Species Database. Retrieved on 2009-04-10.
  542. "Tricellaria inopinata". www.cabi.org.
  543. "Black rat，Roof rat, oriental house rat / Invasive Species of Japan". www.nies.go.jp.
  544. Scally, Patrick (April 2, 2013). "Rhinos reintroduced to Yunnan". GoKunming.
  545. "Ovis aries (sheep)". www.cabi.org.
  546. "Crested Myna (Acridotheres cristatellus)". www.hbw.com.
  547. "Red Avadavat (Amandava amandava)". www.hbw.com.
  548. "Eclectus Parrot (Eclectus roratus)". www.hbw.com.
  549. "Chinese Francolin (Francolinus pintadeanus)". www.hbw.com.
  550. "Garrulax canorus (Chinese hwamei)". www.cabi.org.
  551. "Zebra Dove (Geopelia striata)". www.hbw.com.
  552. "Chestnut Munia (Lonchura atricapilla)". www.hbw.com.
  553. International), BirdLife International (BirdLife (October 1, 2016). "IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Eurasian Tree Sparrow". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  554. "Daurian Partridge (Perdix dauurica)". www.hbw.com.
  555. "Psittacula krameri (rose-ringed parakeet)". www.cabi.org.
  556. "Eastern Spotted Dove (Spilopelia chinensis)". www.hbw.com.
  557. "Blue-naped Parrot (Tanygnathus lucionensis)". www.hbw.com.
  558. International), BirdLife International (BirdLife (August 9, 2018). "IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Coconut Lorikeet". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  559. "Coconut Lorikeet (Trichoglossus haematodus) - BirdLife species factsheet". datazone.birdlife.org.
  560. Dijk (N/A), Peter Paul van (August 2, 2010). "IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Snapping Turtle". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  561. "IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Yellow-bellied Slider Turtle". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. August 1, 2010.
  562. "Trachemys scripta elegans / Invasive Species of Japan". www.nies.go.jp.
  563. "GISD". www.iucngisd.org.
  564. "Brahminy blind snake / Invasive Species of Japan". www.nies.go.jp.
  565. "GISD". www.iucngisd.org.
  566. . October 16, 2008 https://web.archive.org/web/20081016092349/http://www.arkive.org/arapaima/arapaima-gigas/. Archived from the original on 2008-10-16. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  567. "Abbottina rivularis (Chinese false gudgeon)". www.cabi.org.
  568. "Convict cichlid / Invasive Species of Japan". www.nies.go.jp.
  569. "Clarias gariepinus". www.cabi.org.
  570. "FAO Fisheries & Aquaculture - Introductions of Aquatic Species". www.fao.org.
  571. "Redbelly tilapia / Invasive Species of Japan". www.nies.go.jp.
  572. "Mosquitofish, Topminnor / Invasive Species of Japan". www.nies.go.jp.
  573. "Hemibarbus maculatus (spotted steed)". www.cabi.org.
  574. "Ictalurus punctatus / Invasive Species of Japan". www.nies.go.jp.
  575. "Lepomis macrochirus (bluegill)". www.cabi.org.
  576. "Cichlasoma urophthalmum (Mayan cichlid)". www.cabi.org.
  577. "Micropterus dolomieu (smallmouth bass)". www.cabi.org.
  578. "Oreochromis niloticus / Invasive Species of Japan". www.nies.go.jp.
  579. "Poecilia reticulata / Invasive Species of Japan". www.nies.go.jp.
  580. "Molly / Invasive Species of Japan". www.nies.go.jp.
  581. "Pseudorasbora parva (topmouth gudgeon)". www.cabi.org.
  582. "Suckermouth armored catfishes, Vermiculated sailfin catfish / Invasive Species of Japan". www.nies.go.jp.
  583. "Rhodeus ocellatus ocellatus (rosy bitterling)". www.cabi.org.
  584. "Green swordtail / Invasive Species of Japan". www.nies.go.jp.
  585. Novoselsky, Tanya; Chen, Ping-ping; Nieser, Nico (2018). "A review of the giant water bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Nepomorpha: Belostomatidae) of Israel". doi:10.5281/zenodo.2529002. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  586. "Bemisia argentifolii / Invasive Species of Japan". www.nies.go.jp.
  587. "Chrysomya bezziana (Old World screw-worm)". www.cabi.org.
  588. "Dendroctonus pseudotsugae (Douglas-fir beetle)". www.cabi.org.
  589. "Western flower thrips / Invasive Species of Japan". www.nies.go.jp.
  590. "Hypera postica / Invasive Species of Japan". www.nies.go.jp.
  591. "Linepithema humile / Invasive Species of Japan". www.nies.go.jp.
  592. "Liriomyza sativae / Invasive Species of Japan". www.nies.go.jp.
  593. "Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus / Invasive Species of Japan". www.nies.go.jp.
  594. "Oracella acuta (loblolly pine mealybug)". www.cabi.org.
  595. "Phenacoccus manihoti (cassava mealybug)". www.cabi.org.
  596. "Quadrastichus erythrinae (Erythrina gall wasp)". www.cabi.org.
  597. "Solenopsis geminata / Invasive Species of Japan". www.nies.go.jp.
  598. "Solenopsis invicta (red imported fire ant)". www.cabi.org.
  599. "Trialeurodes vaporariorum / Invasive Species of Japan". www.nies.go.jp.
  600. "Vespa velutina (Asian hornet)". www.cabi.org.
  601. "Xyleborus volvulus". www.cabi.org.
  602. "Latrodectus geometricus / Invasive Species of Japan". www.nies.go.jp.
  603. "striped barnacle / Invasive Species of Japan". www.nies.go.jp.
  604. "Threeband gardenslug, greenhouse slug / Invasive Species of Japan". www.nies.go.jp.
  605. "Cannibal snail, Rosy wolf snail / Invasive Species of Japan". www.nies.go.jp.
  606. "Limnoperna fortunei (golden mussel)". www.cabi.org.
  607. "Decollate snail / Invasive Species of Japan". www.nies.go.jp.
  608. "Ruditapes philippinarum (Japanese carpet shell)". www.cabi.org.
  609. "/ Invasive Species of Japan". www.nies.go.jp.
  610. "Bursaphelenchus xylophilus / Invasive Species of Japan". www.nies.go.jp.
  611. "Potato-cyst nematode / Invasive Species of Japan". www.nies.go.jp.
  612. "/ Invasive Species of Japan". www.nies.go.jp.
  613. "IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Formosan Rock Macaque". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. June 30, 2008.
  614. "Macaca mulatta / Invasive Species of Japan". www.nies.go.jp.
  615. "Feral dog, Domestic dog / Invasive Species of Japan". www.nies.go.jp.
  616. "Yellow marten, Japanese marten / Invasive Species of Japan". www.nies.go.jp.
  617. "Japanese weasel / Invasive Species of Japan".
  618. "Siberian weasel / Invasive Species of Japan".
  619. "Raccoon Dog / Invasive Species of Japan".
  620. "GISD". www.iucngisd.org.
  621. "Masked Musang， Masked Palm Civet / Invasive Species of Japan".
  622. "特定外来生物の解説：ハリネズミ属の全種 [外来生物法]". www.env.go.jp.
  623. "Erinaceus SPP. / Invasive Species of Japan".
  624. "Japanese pipistrelle / Invasive Species of Japan".
  625. "Dsinezumi shrew, Japanese white-toothed shrew / Invasive Species of Japan".
  626. "Siberian chipmunk / Invasive Species of Japan".
  627. "Mus musculus / Invasive Species of Japan".
  628. "Rattus exulans / Invasive Species of Japan".
  629. "Norway rat, brown rat / Invasive Species of Japan".
  630. "Eurasian red squirrel / Invasive Species of Japan".
  631. "Callosciurus erythraeus subspp. / Invasive Species of Japan".
  632. "Callosciurus finlaysonii (Finlayson's squirrel)". www.cabi.org.
  633. "Myocastor coypus / Invasive Species of Japan".
  634. "Muskrat / Invasive Species of Japan".
  635. "Cattle / Invasive Species of Japan".
  636. "Feral goat / Invasive Species of Japan".
  637. "Reeves's (Or Chinese) Muntjac / Invasive Species of Japan".
  638. "Wild boar, Eurasia Wild Pig / Invasive Species of Japan".
  639. "Crested myna, Chinese crested myna, Chinese jungle myna, Tufted myna, Chinese starling / Invasive Species of Japan".
  640. "Acridotheres tristis / Invasive Species of Japan".
  641. "Red avadavat, Red munia, Avadavat, Strawberry finch, Red waxbill, Scarlet amandava, Amandava / Invasive Species of Japan".
  642. "Branta canadensis moffitti / Invasive Species of Japan".
  643. "Colinus virginianus / Invasive Species of Japan".
  644. "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  645. "Rock dove, Feral pigeon / Invasive Species of Japan".
  646. "Cygnus atratus / Invasive Species of Japan".
  647. "Cygnus olor / Invasive Species of Japan".
  648. "Melodius laughing thrush, Hawamei, Chinese thrush / Invasive Species of Japan".
  649. "Garrulax cineraceus / Invasive Species of Japan".
  650. "White-browed laughing thrush / Invasive Species of Japan".
  651. "Pied starling, Asian pied starling / Invasive Species of Japan".
  652. "Leiothrix lutea / Invasive Species of Japan".
  653. "Chestnut mannikin / Invasive Species of Japan".
  654. "Tricolored mannikin, Three-coloured mannikin / Invasive Species of Japan".
  655. "Java sparrow / Invasive Species of Japan".
  656. "White-rumped munia, Striated munia, Striated mannikin, Hodgson's munia, White-backed munia, Sharp-tailed munia, Sharp-tailed mannikin, Bengalese finch / Invasive Species of Japan".
  657. "Budgerigar / Invasive Species of Japan".
  658. "Red-crested cardinal, Brazilian cardinal / Invasive Species of Japan".
  659. "Common peafowl, Peafowl, Indian peafowl, Blue peafowl / Invasive Species of Japan".
  660. "Ring-necked Pheasant / Invasive Species of Japan".
  661. "Red-breasted parakeet, Indian moustached parakeet, Moustached parakeet / Invasive Species of Japan".
  662. "Alexandrine parakeet / Invasive Species of Japan".
  663. "Ring-necked parakeet / Invasive Species of Japan".
  664. "Red-wiskered bulbul, Red-eared bulbul / Invasive Species of Japan".
  665. "Light-vented bulbul / Invasive Species of Japan".
  666. "Pin-tailed whydah / Invasive Species of Japan".
  667. "Yellow-margined box turtle / Invasive Species of Japan".
  668. "Reeves' pond turtle / Invasive Species of Japan".
  669. "Chelydra serpentina subspp. / Invasive Species of Japan".
  670. "Chinese softshell turtle / Invasive Species of Japan".
  671. "Green anole / Invasive Species of Japan".
  672. "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  673. "Hokou gecko / Invasive Species of Japan".
  674. "House gecko / Invasive Species of Japan".
  675. "Tree gecko / Invasive Species of Japan".
  676. "Japalura swinhonis / Invasive Species of Japan".
  677. "Mourning gecko / Invasive Species of Japan".
  678. "Beauty snake / Invasive Species of Japan".
  679. "Sakisima habu / Invasive Species of Japan".
  680. "Taiwan habu / Invasive Species of Japan".
  681. "Polypedates leucomystax / Invasive Species of Japan".
  682. "African Clawed Toad, Common Clawed Frog, Common Platanna / Invasive Species of Japan".
  683. "Chinese Giant Salamander / Invasive Species of Japan".
  684. "Striped bitterling / Invasive Species of Japan".
  685. "Acheilognathus macropterus / Invasive Species of Japan".
  686. "Kanehira / Invasive Species of Japan".
  687. "Zenitanago / Invasive Species of Japan".
  688. "Snakehead / Invasive Species of Japan".
  689. "Channa asiatica / Invasive Species of Japan".
  690. "Walking catfish / Invasive Species of Japan".
  691. "Clarias batrachus (walking catfish)". www.cabi.org.
  692. "Whitespotted clarias, Hong Kong catfish / Invasive Species of Japan".
  693. "Blotched snakehead / Invasive Species of Japan".
  694. "Ctenopharyngodon idella / Invasive Species of Japan".
  695. "Common carp, Asian carp / Invasive Species of Japan".
  696. "Pearl danio / Invasive Species of Japan".
  697. "Zebrafish, Zebra danio / Invasive Species of Japan".
  698. "Silver bighead, Silver carp / Invasive Species of Japan".
  699. "Striped bighead / Invasive Species of Japan".
  700. "Bluegill / Invasive Species of Japan".
  701. "Paradise fish / Invasive Species of Japan".
  702. "Smallmouth bass / Invasive Species of Japan".
  703. "Largemouth bass / Invasive Species of Japan".
  704. "Swamp eel / Invasive Species of Japan".
  705. "Mylopharyngodon piceus / Invasive Species of Japan".
  706. "Argentinian silverside / Invasive Species of Japan".
  707. "Rainbow trout, Steelhead / Invasive Species of Japan".
  708. "/ Invasive Species of Japan".
  709. "Indian glassy fish / Invasive Species of Japan".
  710. "Paramisgurnus dabryanus / Invasive Species of Japan".
  711. "Rosy bitterling / Invasive Species of Japan".
  712. "Brown trout / Invasive Species of Japan".
  713. "Brook trout / Invasive Species of Japan".
  714. "Lake trout / Invasive Species of Japan".
  715. "Silurus asotus / Invasive Species of Japan".
  716. "Numachichibu / Invasive Species of Japan".
  717. "Agriosphodrus dohrni / Invasive Species of Japan".
  718. "Anoplolepis gracilipes (yellow crazy ant)". www.cabi.org.
  719. "Aromia bungii / Invasive Species of Japan".
  720. "German cockroach / Invasive Species of Japan".
  721. "Caverelius saccharivorus / Invasive Species of Japan".
  722. "Coptotermes formosanus (Formosan subterranean termite)".
  723. "Cylas formicarius / Invasive Species of Japan".
  724. "Delta pyriforme / Invasive Species of Japan".
  725. "Dryocosmus kuriphilus / Invasive Species of Japan".
  726. "Epilachna varivestis / Invasive Species of Japan".
  727. "Erionota torus (Banana skipper)".
  728. "Euscepes postfasciatus / Invasive Species of Japan".
  729. "Hestina assimilis / Invasive Species of Japan".
  730. "Liriomyza trifolii / Invasive Species of Japan".
  731. "Monomorium pharaonis (Pharaoh ant)".
  732. "Nealsomyia rufella / Invasive Species of Japan".
  733. "/ Invasive Species of Japan".
  734. "Paraglenea fortunei / Invasive Species of Japan".
  735. "Parasa lepida / Invasive Species of Japan".
  736. "Protaetia orientalis sakaii / Invasive Species of Japan".
  737. "Rhabdoscelus obscurus / Invasive Species of Japan".
  738. "Rhynchophorus ferrugineus / Invasive Species of Japan".
  739. "Sericinus montela subspp. / Invasive Species of Japan".
  740. "Melon thrips / Invasive Species of Japan".
  741. "Unaspis yanonensis / Invasive Species of Japan".
  742. "Vespa velutina / Invasive Species of Japan".
  743. "Xylocopa tranquebarorum / Invasive Species of Japan".
  744. "Tomato russet mite / Invasive Species of Japan".
  745. "/ Invasive Species of Japan".
  746. "Mediterranean green crab / Invasive Species of Japan".
  747. "Pacifastacus leniusculus / Invasive Species of Japan".
  748. "Procambarus clarkii / Invasive Species of Japan".
  749. "Tuberculate pear crab / Invasive Species of Japan".
  750. "Titan Acorn barnacle / Invasive Species of Japan".
  751. "Crangonyx floridanus / Invasive Species of Japan".
  752. "Asian clam, Prosperity clam / Invasive Species of Japan".
  753. "Onyx slippersnail / Invasive Species of Japan".
  754. "Limnoperna fortunei / Invasive Species of Japan".
  755. "Giant African snail / Invasive Species of Japan".
  756. "Nassarius snail / Invasive Species of Japan".
  757. "Green mussel, green-lipped mussel / Invasive Species of Japan".
  758. "Apple snail / Invasive Species of Japan".
  759. "SMLL brown mussel / Invasive Species of Japan".
  760. "/ Invasive Species of Japan".
  761. "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  762. "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  763. "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  764. "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  765. "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  766. "Ammotragus lervia (aoudad)". www.cabi.org.
  767. "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  768. Russell Mittermeier; et al. (2006). Lemurs of Madagascar (2nd ed.). pp. 272–274. ISBN 978-1-881173-88-5.
  769. "Fischer's Lovebird (Agapornis fischeri)".
  770. "Yellow-collared Lovebird (Agapornis personatus)".
  771. "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  772. "Yellow-fronted Canary (Crithagra mozambica)".
  773. "Red Fody (Foudia madagascariensis)".
  774. "Grey Francolin (Francolinus pondicerianus)".
  775. "Red Junglefowl (Gallus gallus)".
  776. "Scaly-breasted Munia (Lonchura punctulata)".
  777. "Quelea quelea (weaver bird)". www.cabi.org.
  778. "Cape Canary (Serinus canicollis)".
  780. "Tyto alba (Barn owl)". www.cabi.org.
  781. "Invasive Species South Africa - Protecting Biodiversity from Invasion - European pond turtle | Emys orbicularis".
  782. "Invasive Species South Africa - Protecting Biodiversity from Invasion - Stump-tailed gecko | Gehyra mutilata".
  783. South Africa: Reptiles. Global Invasive Species Database. ISSG.
  784. "Invasive Species South Africa - Protecting Biodiversity from Invasion - Mourning gecko | Lepidodactylus lugubris".
  785. "Invasive Species South Africa - Protecting Biodiversity from Invasion - Moorish wall gecko | Tarentola mauritanica".
  786. "Invasive Species South Africa - Protecting Biodiversity from Invasion - Alligator snapping turtle | Macrochelys temminckii". Archived from the original on 2019-08-26. Retrieved 2019-08-26.
  787. "Invasive Species South Africa - Protecting Biodiversity from Invasion - Guttural toad | Amietophrynus gutturalis".
  788. "Invasive Species South Africa - Protecting Biodiversity from Invasion - Grass carp | Ctenopharyngodon idella".
  789. "Invasive Species South Africa - Protecting Biodiversity from Invasion - Common carp | Cyprinus carpio".
  791. "Invasive Species South Africa - Protecting Biodiversity from Invasion - Mosquitofish | Gambusia affinis".
  792. "Invasive Species South Africa - Protecting Biodiversity from Invasion - Silver carp | Hypophthalmichthys molitrix".
  793. "Invasive Species South Africa - Protecting Biodiversity from Invasion - Bluegill sunfish | Lepomis macrochirus".
  794. "Invasive Species South Africa - Protecting Biodiversity from Invasion - Smallmouth bass | Micropterus dolomieu".
  795. "Invasive Species South Africa - Protecting Biodiversity from Invasion - Florida bass | Micropterus floridanus".
  796. "Invasive Species South Africa - Protecting Biodiversity from Invasion - Spotted bass | Micropterus punctulatus".
  797. "Invasive Species South Africa - Protecting Biodiversity from Invasion - Largemouth bass | Micropterus salmoides".
  798. "Invasive Species South Africa - Protecting Biodiversity from Invasion - Nile tilapia | Oreochromis niloticus".
  799. "Invasive Species South Africa - Protecting Biodiversity from Invasion - Perch | Perca fluviatilis".
  800. "Invasive Species South Africa - Protecting Biodiversity from Invasion - Vermiculated sailfin catfish | Pterygoplichthys disjunctivus".
  802. "Invasive Species South Africa - Protecting Biodiversity from Invasion - Tench | Tinca tinca".
  803. "Invasive Species South Africa - Protecting Biodiversity from Invasion - Asian tiger mosquito | Aedes albopictus".
  804. "Aleurothrixus floccosus (Woolly whitefly)".
  805. "Invasive Species South Africa - Protecting Biodiversity from Invasion - Crazy ant | Anoplolepis gracilipes".
  806. "Aulacaspis yasumatsui (cycad aulacaspis scale)". www.cabi.org.
  807. "Bactrocera dorsalis (Oriental fruit fly)". www.cabi.org.
  808. "Bactrocera zonata (Peach fruit fly)".
  809. "Ceratitis rosa (Natal fruit fly)". www.cabi.org.
  810. "Chionaspis pinifoliae (Pine leaf scale)".
  811. "Invasive Species South Africa - Protecting Biodiversity from Invasion - Cypress aphid | Cinara cupressi".
  812. "Invasive Species South Africa - Protecting Biodiversity from Invasion - Banana root borer | Cosmopolites sordidus".
  813. "Eulachnus rileyi (Pine needle aphid)".
  814. "Invasive Species South Africa - Protecting Biodiversity from Invasion - Harlequin lady beetle | Harmonia axyridis".
  815. "Liriomyza trifolii (American serpentine leafminer)". www.cabi.org.
  816. "Orthotomicus erosus (Mediterranean pine beetle)". www.cabi.org.
  817. "Polistes dominula (European paper wasp)". www.cabi.org.
  818. "Invasive Species South Africa - Protecting Biodiversity from Invasion - Citrophilus mealybug | Pseudococcus calceolariae".
  819. "Trialeurodes ricini (Castor bean whitefly)".
  820. "Monomorium destructor (Singapore ant)".
  821. "Xyleborus perforans (island pinhole borer)". www.cabi.org.
  822. "Xylosandrus compactus (shot-hole borer)". www.cabi.org.
  823. "Invasive Species South Africa - Protecting Biodiversity from Invasion - Marbled tadpole snail | Aplexa marmorata".
  824. Herbert, David G (2010). The introduced terrestrial Mollusca of South Africa (PDF). Pretoria: South African National Biodiversity Institute. ISBN 978-1-919976-56-3.
  825. South Africa: Molluscs., Global Invasive Species Database. ISSG.
  827. "Invasive Species South Africa - Protecting Biodiversity from Invasion - Pacific mussel | Semimytilus algosus".
  828. "Invasive Species South Africa - Protecting Biodiversity from Invasion - Quilted malania | Tarebia granifera".
  829. "Invasive Species South Africa - Protecting Biodiversity from Invasion - Shell worm | Boccardia proboscidea".
  830. Ciona intestinalis (tunicate)., Global Invasive Species Database. ISSG.
  831. "Herpestes auropunctatus (small Indian mongoose)". www.cabi.org.
  832. "Mustela furo (ferret)". www.cabi.org.
  833. "Sciurus carolinensis (grey squirrel)". www.cabi.org.
  834. "Jungle Myna (Acridotheres fuscus)".
  835. "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  837. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2017-03-04. Retrieved 2017-10-03.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  838. "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  840. "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  841. "New Caledonian Crow (Corvus moneduloides)".
  842. "Yellow Canary (Crithagra flaviventris)".
  843. "Black Drongo (Dicrurus macrocercus)".
  844. "Common Diuca-finch (Diuca diuca)".
  845. "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  846. "Common Moorhen (Gallinula chloropus)". www.hbw.com.
  847. "Australian Magpie (Gymnorhina tibicen)". www.hbw.com.
  848. "Chestnut-breasted Mannikin (Lonchura castaneothorax)". www.hbw.com.
  849. "Red-browed Finch (Neochmia temporalis)". www.hbw.com.
  850. "Madagascar Turtle-dove (Nesoenas picturatus)". www.hbw.com.
  851. International), BirdLife International (BirdLife (October 1, 2016). "IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: House Sparrow". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  852. "Chimango Caracara (Phalcoboenus chimango)". www.hbw.com.
  853. International), BirdLife International (BirdLife (October 1, 2016). "IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Common Pheasant". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  854. "Red-necked Francolin (Pternistis afer)". www.hbw.com.
  855. "Rimatara Lorikeet (Vini kuhlii)". www.hbw.com.
  856. "Silvereye (Zosterops lateralis)". www.hbw.com.
  857. "IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Teira dugesii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. December 14, 2008.
  858. "Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog)". www.cabi.org.
  859. "Bactrocera cucurbitae (melon fly)". www.cabi.org.
  860. "Blattella germanica (German cockroach)".
  861. "Euwallacea destruens". www.cabi.org.
  862. "Euwallacea piceus". www.cabi.org.
  863. "Homalodisca vitripennis (glassy winged sharpshooter)". www.cabi.org.
  864. "Kallitaxila crini (green tropiduchid)". www.cabi.org.
  865. "Omorgus suberosus (hide beetle)". www.cabi.org.
  866. "Solenopsis geminata (tropical fire ant)". www.cabi.org.
  867. "Tapinoma minutum (dwarf pedicel ant)". www.cabi.org.
  868. "Gonaxis kibweziensis". www.cabi.org.
  869. "Mytilopsis sallei (Caribbean false mussel)". www.cabi.org.
  870. "Oxychilus alliarius (garlic snail)". www.cabi.org.
  871. "Perna viridis (Asian green mussel)". www.cabi.org.
  872. "Veronicella cubensis (Cuban slug)". www.cabi.org.
  • DAISIE (eds.). 2009. Handbook of Alien Species in Europe. Springer, Dordrecht. 399 p. ISBN 978-1-4020-8279-5
  • Macdonald, D. and P. Barrett (1993) Collins Field Guide: Mammals of Britain & Europe. HarperCollins, London.
  • Svensson, L., P.J. Grant, K. Mullarney and D. Zetterström (1999) Collins Bird Guide. HarperCollins, London. (ISBN 0-00-219728-6)
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