List of deaths from legal euthanasia and assisted suicide

Euthanasia is the practice of intentionally ending a life in order to relieve pain and suffering,[1] while assisted suicide, also known as physician-assisted suicide, is suicide committed with the aid of a physician. Assisted suicide is often confused with euthanasia. In cases of euthanasia the physician administers the means of death, usually a lethal drug. In assisted suicide, it is required that the person voluntarily expresses their wish to die, and also makes a request for medication for the purpose of ending their life. Assisted suicide thus involves a person’s self-administration of deadly drugs that are supplied by a doctor.[2]

The legality of euthanasia and assisted suicide varies. Non-voluntary euthanasia (patient's consent unavailable) and involuntary euthanasia is illegal in all countries. Voluntary euthanasia is legal in the Netherlands,[3] Belgium,[4] Canada,[5] Colombia[6] and Luxembourg,[7] and was previously legal in the Northern Territory.[8] Assisted suicide is legal in Switzerland, Germany and Japan. It is also legal in the Australian states of Victoria and Western Australia, and in the US jurisdictions of Washington, Oregon, Colorado, Vermont, Montana, Hawaii, Maine, New Jersey, Washington DC and California. This list contains notable people who have died via either legal voluntary euthanasia or assisted suicide. The criterion for notability is an article on the individual in the English Wikipedia.

Name Born Died Nationality Place of death Profession Ref.
Arthur Black 1943 2018 Canadian Canada Broadcaster and author [9]
Michèle Causse 1936 2010 French Dignitas Theorist, translator and author [10]
Hugo Claus 1929 2008 Belgian Belgium Author [11]
Christian de Duve 1917 2013 Belgian Belgium Cytologist and biochemist [12]
Edward Downes 1924 2009 English Dignitas Conductor [13]
Herbert Fux 1927 2007 Austrian Dignitas Actor and politician [14]
David Goodall 1914 2018 Australian Switzerland Botanist and Ecologist [15]
John Hicklenton 1967 2010 British Dignitas Comics artist [16]
Pieter Hintjens 1962 2016 Belgian Belgium Software developer [17]
Friedhelm Konietzka 1938 2012 German Switzerland Football striker and manager [18]
Brittany Maynard 1984 2014 American Oregon Teacher [19]
Elisabeth Rivers-Bulkeley 1924 2006 Austrian Dignitas Stockbroker [20]
Adi Talmor 1953 2011 Israeli Dignitas Journalist and news presenter [21]
Marieke Vervoort 1979 2019 Belgian Belgium Paralympic athlete [22]
Pamela Weston 1921 2009 English Switzerland Clarinetist, teacher and writer [23]
Thomas Bernhard 1931 1989 Austrian Austria Novelist, playwright, poet [24]

References
  1. Harris, NM. (Oct 2001). "The euthanasia debate". J R Army Med Corps. 147 (3): 367–70. doi:10.1136/jramc-147-03-22. PMID 11766225.
  2. Materstvedt, LJ; Kaasa, S (2002). "Euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide in Scandinavia Ð with a conceptual suggestion regarding international research in relation to the phenomena". Palliative Medicine. 16: 19.
  3. Janssen, André (2002). "The New Regulation of Voluntary Euthanasia and Medically Assisted Suicide in the Netherlands". Int J Law Policy Family. 16 (2): 260–269. doi:10.1093/lawfam/16.2.260. PMID 16848072.
  4. Adams M, Nys H (2003). "Comparative reflections on the Belgian Euthanasia Act 2002". Med Law Rev. 11 (3): 353–76. doi:10.1093/medlaw/11.3.353. PMID 16733879.
  5. "Canada's parliament passes assisted suicide bill". BBC News. June 18, 2016. Archived from the original on April 25, 2017. Retrieved April 25, 2017.
  6. "Euthanasia regularly practiced in Colombia". NBC News. July 31, 2005. Archived from the original on April 25, 2017. Retrieved April 25, 2017.
  7. Julien Ponthus (February 20, 2008). "Luxembourg parliament adopts euthanasia law". Reuters. Archived from the original on April 25, 2017. Retrieved April 25, 2017.
  8. Brooks, Sally (May 25, 2015). "Euthanasia advocates call for change 20 years after Northern Territory Parliament passed historic laws". ABC News. Archived from the original on April 25, 2017. Retrieved April 25, 2017.
  9. "Islander, Author, Broadcaster Arthur Black Dies". Gulf Islands Driftwood. February 21, 2018. Retrieved February 23, 2018.
  10. "Décès de Michèle Causse, écrivain et militante lesbienne". Le Télégramme.
  11. "Author Claus dies by euthanasia". BBC News. March 21, 2008. Archived from the original on April 19, 2013. Retrieved April 25, 2017.
  12. Gellene, Denise (May 6, 2013). "Christian de Duve, 95, Dies; Nobel-Winning Biochemist". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 25, 2017. Retrieved April 25, 2017.
  13. Appel, Jacob M. (July 16, 2009). "Next: Assisted Suicide for Healthy People". The Huffington Post. Archived from the original on December 4, 2012.
  14. Schulthess, Von Adrian (January 20, 2012). "ZÜRICH – In seinen TV-Rollen trotzte Herbert Fux (79) meist dem Tod. Im wahren Leben suchte ihn der Österreicher sogar – bei den Sterbehelfern von Dignitas in Zürich". Blick (in German). Archived from the original on July 20, 2012. Retrieved April 25, 2017.
  15. Backmann, Helena; Stanglin, Doug (May 10, 2018). "David Goodall, 104, takes final journey at Swiss assisted-suicide clinic". USA Today. Archived from the original on May 10, 2018.
  16. Gurner, Richard (March 26, 2010). "Johnny Hicklenton dies at Swiss euthanasia clinic". Brighton Argus. Archived from the original on September 13, 2012. Retrieved April 25, 2017.
  17. Moore, Madison (October 4, 2016). "ZeroMQ founder Pieter Hintjens dies". San Diego Times. Archived from the original on July 23, 2019.
  18. "Scorer of first Bundesliga goal dies by assisted suicide". Dawn. 12 March 2012. Archived from the original on 25 April 2017. Retrieved April 25, 2017.
  19. Egan, Nicole (November 2, 2014). "Terminally Ill Woman Brittany Maynard Has Ended Her Own Life". People. Archived from the original on April 25, 2017. Retrieved April 25, 2017.
  20. Adams, Lucy (February 8, 2007). "Death on her own terms". The Herald. Archived from the original on March 26, 2017. Retrieved March 26, 2017.
  21. "Radio personality Adi Talmor dies at 58". The Jerusalem Post. August 8, 2011. Archived from the original on April 25, 2017. Retrieved April 25, 2017.
  22. "Marieke Vervoort: Tribute to the Paralympian, who ended her life through euthanasia". 23 October 2019. Archived from the original on 23 October 2019. Retrieved 23 October 2019 – via BBC News.
  23. Shenton, Kenneth (October 22, 2009). "Pamela Weston: Clarinettist, music historian and inspirational teacher". The Independent. Archived from the original on September 4, 2012. Retrieved April 25, 2017.
  24. Franklin, Ruth. "The Art of Extinction". The New Yorker. Archived from the original on January 1, 2020.
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