List of countries implementing pool testing strategy against COVID-19

If not otherwise stated, the virological status of sample pools is evaluated through PCR tests.

Screening strategies

General population

Large-scale screening strategies

Country	Institution	Date	Total sampled	Number in pools	Specimen Type	References
United States  California	Stanford Medical Center	06/03/2020	2,888 (3 positives)	10	Nasopharyngeal swab	[1]
United States  Nebraska	University of Nebraska	20/04/2020	1,700/week	5	Nasopharyngeal swab	[2]
United States  Kansas	Clinical Reference Laboratory, Lenexa	31/08/2020	6,000/week	5	Saliva	[3]
Spain	Fundación Biomédica Galicia Sur, CHUVI	10/08/2020	100,000/month	20	Saliva	[4][5]
Israel	Rambam Clinical Microbiology Laboratory	18/03/2020	N.A.	up to 64	Nasopharyngeal swab	[6][7] [8]
Germany	Saarland University Medical Center	29/04/2020	22,000	30	Nasopharyngeal swab	[9][10]
China	Wuhan Centre for Disease Control	08/06/2020	>1M	5-10	Nasal/Oral swabs	[11] [12]
China	Qingdao	08/06/2020	7M	To confirm	To confirm	[13]
China	Kashgar City	26/11/2020	4.5M	To confirm	To confirm	[14]
Portugal	Algarve Biomedical Centre	24/04/2020	17,000	10	Nasopharyngeal swab	[15] [16]
Australia	Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Melbourne	25/08/2020	10,312	2-8	Nasopharyngeal swab	[17]
Singapore	Ministry of Health	02/2020	9,000	10	N.A.	[18]
Ghana	Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research	04/2020	30,000	10	Mixed origin	[19] [20]
Philippines	Makati Health Department	15/08/2020	10,000	Unknown	Unknown	[21]
Vietnam	Danang Center for Disease Control	05/08/2020	>10,000	Unknown	Unknown	[22]
Ecuador	Universidad de Las Americas	05/08/2020	1,500	3	Nasopharyngeal swabs	[23]
South Korea	Jeonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju	14/07/20				[24] [25] [26] [27]
India Uttar Pradesh	King George's Medical University, Lucknow					[28] [29]
India West Bengal						[30]
India Punjab						[31]
India Chhattisgarh						[32]
India Maharashtra						[33]
Malaysia	International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur	27/04/2020	2,732 (52 positives)	10	Nasopharyngeal swab	[34]
Uruguay	Pan American Health Organisation (PAHO).	22/09/2020		10		[35]
Morocco	Casablanca	09/06/2020		5-10		[36]
Brazil	Florianópolis	05/05/2020	19,535 (246 positives)	16	Nasopharyngeal swab	[37]

Campus screening strategies

Screening strategies in University Campus

Country	Campus	Date	Total sampled	Number in pools	Specimen Type	References
UK	Nottingham University	25/09/2020			self-collected saliva	[38]
UK	Cambridge University	25/09/2020	expected: 16 000/week		self-collected nasopharyngeal	[39][38]
Belgium	Université de Liège	26/06/2020	expected: 30,000/week	8	self-collected saliva	[40] [41]
United States	College of Mount Saint Vincent	09/2020		5 to 24	self-collected saliva	[42]
United States	Duke University	08/2020		5 to 10	self-collected nasal	[43]
United States	Michigan State University	08/2020	14,000/week	8 or 10	self-collected saliva	[44]
United States	Syracuse University	07/2020	20,000/week	25	self-collected saliva	[45]
United States	University of South Florida	08/2020	?	5 to 10	?	[46]
United States	Colorado School	03/11/2020	(expected: 3,000/week)	8	self-collected saliva	[47]
United States	Shenandoah University	15/10/2020	2,000		self-collected saliva	[48]

SUNY campuses are implementing a pool testing strategy based on saliva samples, including Cornell,[49][50] SUNY Fredonia or SUNY Oneonta.[51]

The University of Tennessee[52] is also implementing a saliva pool testing strategy.

Researchers from Yale University,[53] Georgia Augusta University,[54] the University of Illinois,[55][56] are also considering or implementing pool testing strategies.

Small-scale screening or experimental protocols

Smaller scale screening or experimental protocols

Country	Institution	Date	Total sampled	Number in pools	Specimen Type	References
France	Hôpital Bichat	03/06/2020	448	16	nasopharyngeal swab	[57]
Spain	Hospital Clínico Universitario, Institute for Research, Valencia	04/05/2020	N.A.	5-10	nasopharyngeal swab	[5]
Spain	Universidade de Santiago, Santiago	02/06/2020	N.A.	5-20	nasopharyngeal swab	[58]
Chile	Universidad Austral de Chile	06/2020	610	20	nasopharyngeal swab	[59]
Kenya	Pwani University & Oxford	13/08/2020 0	1500	6	nasopharyngeal swab	[60]
Thailand	Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok	13/08/2020	N.A.	10	nasopharyngeal swab	[61]
Rwanda	University of Rwanda, Kigali	30/04/2020	N.A.	20-100	oropharyngeal swab	[62]
Italy	Sant'Andrea Hospital and Sapienza University, Rome	03/08/2020	>2035	5	naso-oropharyngeal swab	[63]
Thailand	Mahidol University, Bangkok	25/08/2020	N.A.	5-10	saliva	[64]

References

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24. "[Coronavirus] Verified 'sample pooling' introduced to prevent herd infection in S. Korea". ajudaily.com. 9 April 2020. Retrieved 19 April 2020.
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30. Sumati Yengkhom. "West Bengal to start pool testing of samples in low-risk zones". The Times of India. Retrieved 19 April 2020.
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33. "Maharashtra to go for pool testing to defeat coronavirus". Deccan Herald. 12 April 2020. Retrieved 19 April 2020.
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36. "Un laboratoire mobile à Casablanca pour le dépistage du Covid-19". Deccan Herald. 12 April 2020. Retrieved 19 April 2020.
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39. "Stay Safe Cambridge Uni". Cambridge University. September 25, 2020. Retrieved October 1, 2020.
40. "Dépistage Covid : une capacité de 30.000 à 60.000 tests par jour à l'ULiège". New ULiège. June 26, 2020. Retrieved June 26, 2020.
41. "L'université de Liège testera tous ses étudiants grâce à ses propres tests salivaires : les explications du vice-recteur". AEF Info. August 25, 2020. Retrieved August 25, 2020.
42. "Mount Saint Vincent COVID-19 Pool Testing Plan". Mount Saint Vincent website. November 3, 2020. Retrieved November 3, 2020.
43. "Duke to begin pool testing of undergraduates next week". The Chronicle. August 14, 2020. Retrieved August 14, 2020.
44. "MSU researchers develop COVID surveillance program using spit test kits". Wilx10. August 5, 2020. Retrieved August 10, 2020.
45. "How will Syracuse University test 20,000 students for coronavirus? By pooling their saliva". Syracuse.com. July 9, 2020. Retrieved July 9, 2020.
46. "Dr. Deborah Birx urges Florida to start pool testing for coronavirus. Here's what that means". Click Orlando. July 2, 2020. Retrieved July 2, 2020.
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50. "What Happens if Someone Throws a Party? Questions and Answers on the Model Reopening Campus". The Cornell Daily Sun. July 2, 2020. Retrieved July 2, 2020.
51. "Surveillance/Pool Testing FAQ". SUSY Fredonia. September 2, 2020. Retrieved September 3, 2020.
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See also

• Group testing
• COVID-19 testing