List of ancient doctors

The following is a list of ancient doctors who were known to have practised medicine in some form before AD 700:

Name	Time period	Ethnicity	Known for
Abascantus	AD 2nd century	Greek	invented antidote against serpent bites
Adamantius Judaeus	AD 5th century	Greek
Aegimus	5th century BC	Greek	first person who wrote a treatise on the pulse
Aemilia Hilaria	AD 4th century	Roman	female physician. Wrote books on gynecology and obstetrics.
Aeschrion of Pergamon	AD 2nd century	Greek	pharmaceutist
Aëtius of Amida	AD 5th–6th century	Byzantine Greek
Agathinus	AD 1st century	Greek	founder of the Eclectic school of medicine
Albucius	AD 1st century	Roman	wealthy physician, with annual income of 250,000 sesterces
Alcon (classical history)	AD 1st century	Greek	surgeon
Alexander of Tralles	AD 6th century	Byzantine Greek	chief work titled Twelve Books on Medicine
Amenhotep	13th century BC	Egyptian	chief physician of the early 19th Dynasty
Androcydes	4th century BC	Greek
Andromachus	AD 1st century	Greek
Anonymus Londinensis	AD 1st century	Greek	author of the physiological work On Medicine
Antipater	1st century BC	Greek	author of a work titled On the Soul
Antipater	AD 2nd century	Greek	gave an account of the morbid symptoms that precede death
Antiphanes of Delos	AD 2nd century	Greek	"the sole cause of diseases in man was the too great variety of his food"
Antonius Castor	AD 1st century	Roman	herbal remedies
Antyllus	AD 2nd century	Greek	surgeon, treatment of aneurysms became standard until the 19th century
Apollonius Claudius	AD 2nd century	Greek
Apollonius Cyprius	AD 1st century	Greek
Apollonius Organicus	AD 2nd century	Greek
Apollonius Pergamenus	AD 3rd century	Greek
Apollonius Pitaneus	AD 1st century	Greek
Apollonius Senior	AD 1st century	Greek
Apollonius Tarensis	AD 1st century	Greek
Apollonius Ther	AD 1st century	Greek
Apollonius Glaucus	3rd century BC	Greek	On Internal Diseases
Apollonios of Kition	1st century BC	Greek Cypriot	most important work is On Joints
Archigenes	AD 1st–2nd century	Greek	very high reputation for his professional skill
Arcyon	AD 1st century	Greek	surgeon
Aretaeus	AD 1st century	Greek	general treatise on diseases
Aristotle	4th century BC	Greek
Asclepiades Pharmacion	AD 1st–2nd century	Greek	skill and knowledge of pharmacy
Asclepiades of Bithynia	2nd–1st century BC	Greek	built a new theory of disease
Aspasia the Physician	AD 4th century	Greek	Female gynecologist
Athenaeus of Attalia	AD 1st century	Greek	founder of the Pneumatic school of medicine
Bian Que	4th century BC	Chinese	earliest known Chinese physician
Bolus of Mendes	3rd century BC	Greek
Caelius Aurelianus	AD 5th century	Roman	medical translator
Cassius Felix	AD 3rd century	Roman African	medical writer
Cato the Elder	2nd century BC	Roman
Aulus Cornelius Celsus	AD 1st century	Roman	De Medicina
Charaka	6th–2nd century BC	Indian	one of the principal contributors to Ayurveda
Saints Cosmas and Damian	AD 3rd century	Arab	persecuted by Diocletian
Criton of Heraclea	AD 1st–2nd century	Greek	Chief physician of emperor Trajan
Ctesias	5th century BC	Greek
Damocrates	AD 1st century	Greek	wrote pharmaceutical works in Greek iambic verse
Demetrius of Apamea	2nd century BC	Greek	studied sexual organs
Demosthenes Philalethes	AD 1st century	Greek	author of the Ophthalmicus, the most influential work of ophthalmology in antiquity
Dexippus of Cos	4th century BC	Greek	pupil of Hippocrates
Dieuches	4th century BC	Greek	Dogmatic school of medicine
Diocles of Carystus	4th century BC	Greek	practical medicine, especially diet and nutrition
Saint Diomedes	AD 3rd century	Greek	arrested by Diocletian
Pedanius Dioscorides	AD 1st century	Greek	De Materia Medica
Dong Feng	AD 3rd century	Chinese
Erasistratus	3rd century BC	Greek	founded a school of anatomy in Alexandria
Erotianus	AD 1st century	Greek	Collection of Hippocratic Words
Eudemus (physician)	AD 1st–2nd century	Greek	two persons, the first the poisoner of Drusus Julius Caesar, the second an acquaintance of Galen
Saint Fabiola	AD 4th century	Roman	nurse
Gaius Stertinius Xenophon	AD 1st century	Greek	personal physician of emperor Claudius
Galen	AD 2nd–3rd century	Greek	developer of anatomy, physiology, pathology, pharmacology, and neurology
Ge Hong	AD 4th century	Chinese	originator of First Aid in TCM
Heliodorus	AD 1st century	Greek	wrote on medical technique
Heraclides of Tarentum	2nd century BC	Greek	physician of the Empiric school
Herodotus (physician)	AD 1st–2nd century	Greek	Two doctors, the first a Pneumaticist, the second an Empiricist
Herophilus	3rd century BC	Greek	deemed to be the first anatomist
Hicesius	1st century BC	Greek	head of a medical school established at Smyrna
Hippocrates	5th century BC	Greek	"Father of Medicine", wrote the Hippocratic Corpus
Hua Tuo	AD 2nd century	Chinese	abilities in acupuncture, moxibustion, herbal medicine and medical Daoyin exercises
Huangfu Mi	AD 3rd century	Chinese	compiled the Canon of Acupuncture and Moxibustion
Ji Ben	AD 3rd century	Chinese	physician who started a failed rebellion
Irynachet	22nd century BC	Egyptian	senior physician of the great house
Jivaka Komarabhacca	5th century BC	Indian	personal physician of King Bimbisara and Gautama Buddha
Leonidas (physician)	AD 2nd–3rd century	Greek	surgical writer, provided the first detailed description of a mastectomy
Leoparda	AD 4th century	Greek	female gynecologist
Madhava-kara	8th century BC	Indian	listed diseases along with their causes, symptoms, and complications
Marcellus Empiricus	AD 4th–5th century	Roman	author of pharmacological compendium De medicamentis
Marcellus of Side	AD 2nd century	Greek	wrote a long medical poem
Quintus Gargilius Martialis	AD 3rd century	Roman	writer on horticulture, botany and medicine
Meges of Sidon	1st century BC	Greek/Roman	surgeon
Menemachus	AD 2nd century	Greek	Methodic school of medicine
Menodotus of Nicomedia	AD 2nd century	Greek	Empiricist
Metrodora	AD 4th century	Greek	female gynecologist, author of On the Diseases and Cures of Women.
Merit-Ptah	27th century BC	Egyptian	early female physician
Mnesitheus	4th century BC	Greek	classification of diseases
Sextius Niger	1st century BC	Roman	pharmacology
Oribasius	AD 4th century	Greek	medical writer and person physician of Julian the Apostate
Paccius Antiochus	AD 1st century	Roman	wealthy commercial physician
Palladius (physician)	AD 6th century	Greek	professor of medicine at Alexandria
Paul of Aegina	AD 7th century	Byzantine Greek	Medical Compendium in Seven Books
Penthu	16th century BC	Egyptian	Chief Physician to Akhenaten
Peseshet	25th century BC	Egyptian	one of the earliest known female physicians
Philagrius of Epirus	AD 3rd century	Greek	medical writers
Philinus of Cos	3rd century BC	Greek	reputed founder of the Empiric school
Philistion of Locri	4th century BC	Greek	physician and writer of medicine
Philonides (physician)	AD 1st century	Greek	author of De Medicina
Philoxenus (physician)	3rd century BC	Greco-Egyptian	wrote several volumes on surgery
Philumenus	AD 3rd century	Greek
Plistonicus	4th–3rd century BC	Greek	wrote a work on anatomy
Posidonius	2nd–1st century BC	Greek	polymath
Praxagoras of Cos	4th century BC	Greek	theory of circulation
Aelius Promotus	AD 2nd century	Greek	author of Medicinalium Formularum Collectio
Qar	23rd century BC	Egyptian	Chief Physician during the Sixth dynasty
Raban Gamliel VI	AD 5th century	Hebrew	demonstrated a special remedy of the spleen
Rabâ-ša-Marduk	13th century BC	Kassite
Rufus of Ephesus	AD 1st–2nd century	Greek	wrote treatises on dietetics, pathology, anatomy, and patient care
Serenus Sammonicus	AD 3rd century	Roman	author of a didactic medical poem Liber Medicinalis
Scribonius Largus	AD 1st century	Roman	court physician to the Roman emperor Claudius
Serapion of Alexandria	3rd century BC	Greek	member of the Empiric school of medicine
Sextius Niger	AD 1st century	Roman	author of the pharmacologist work On material
Sextus Empiricus	AD 2nd century	Roman
Sextus Placitus	AD 4th century	Roman	author of Libri medicinae Sexti Placiti Papyriensis ex animalibus pecoribus et bestiis vel avibus Concordantiae
Shepseskaf-ankh	25th century BC	Egyptian	Chief Physician during the Fifth dynasty
Soranus of Ephesus	AD 2nd century	Greek	author of treatise on gynecology and On Acute and Chronic Diseases
Sushruta	7th century BC	Indian	author of the treatise The Compendium of Suśruta
Themison of Laodicea	1st century BC	Greek	founder of the Methodic school of medicine
Theodorus Priscianus	AD 4th century	Roman	author of Medical Matters in Four Books
Theophilus Protospatharius	AD 7th century	Greek
Theophrastus	4th–3rd century BC	Greek
Thessalus of Tralles	AD 1st century	Roman	Methodic school of medicine, court physician of Emperor Nero
Xenocrates of Aphrodisias	AD 1st century	Greek	pharmaceutical writer, including On Useful Things from Living Beings
Zhang Zhongjing	AD 150—219	Chinese	made great contributions to the development of Traditional Chinese Medicine
Zopyrus (physician)	AD 1st century	Greek	antidote inventor