List of Japanese loanwords in Indonesian

Japanese is an East Asian language spoken by about 126 million people, primarily in Japan, where it is the official language and national language. The influx of Japanese loanwords can be classified into two periods, Japanese colonial administration period (1942–1945) and globalisation of Japanese popular culture (1980-now). As Indonesian is written using Latin script, Japanese romanisation systems influence the spelling in Indonesian.

Spelling

Consonants

Consonants
Japanese IPA Example, Hiragana Example, Romanization Indonesian IPA Indonesian Indonesian Example Notes
b しょ, basho, kabin b b bola[1]
びょうき byōki bʲ by
ç , ひょ hito, hyō h h habis, tokoh
ɕ , っしょ shita, isshō ʃ sy syarat[2]
sh
d うも, dōmo, dōdō d d dari[1]
dz[3] っと, , ッズ zutto, zenzen, kizzu[4] z z zaman[2]
z[3] , aza, tsuzuku
[3] ぶん, ょじょ, ッジ jibun, jojo, ejji[4] j jari
ʑ[3] かい, じょ mijikai, jojo
ɸ fuji f f fikir, visa[2]
ɡ[5] っこう, ごご, んこう gakkō, gogo, ginkō ɡ g galah[6]
ɡʲ[5] ぎょ kigyō ɡʲ gy
h , はは hon, haha h h habis, tokoh
j くしゃ, ゆゆしい yakusha, yuyushii j y yakin, kaya
k , っき kuru, hakki k k kalah[1][6]
きょうかい, っきょ kyōkai, kekkyoku kʲ ky
m かん, ぱい, もんも mikan, senpai, monmon m m makan
みゃ myaku mʲ my
n っとう, たん nattō , kantan n n nakal
ɲ , んにゃ, ちょう niwa, konnyaku, kinchō ɲ ny nyaman
ŋ , きょく ringo, nankyoku ŋ ng ngarai
ɴ にほ nihon n n nakal
p , たんぽぽ pan, tampopo p p pola[1]
っぴょ happyō pʲ py
ɾ , roku, sora r r raja, dari, pasar
ɾʲ りょうり ryōri rʲ ry
s , さっそ suru, sassō s s saya
t べる, とって taberu, totte t t tari[1]
ts なみ, っつ tsunami, ittsui[4] s ts
ʃ
かい, っちゃ chikai, ketchaku[4] c cari
ɰ[7] さび wasabi w w waktu, Jawa
ɰ̃[8] いき, , しん fun'iki, denwa, anshin n n nakal
ʔ あつ atsu'! ʔ k bapak, rakyat [1][6]

Vowels

Most vowels are retained without significant change in Indonesian, except in vowels length and pitch accent (there are no vowels length distinction and no pitch accent in Indonesian).

Vowels
Japanese
IPA
Hiragana Transliteration Indonesian
IPA
Indonesian
Transliteration
a a a a
e e e é
ɛ è
i i i i
[9]
o o o o
ɯ[10] u u u
ɯ̥[10][9]

Loanwords

A

Indonesian
Word
Indonesian
Meaning
Japanese
New Form
Japanese
Old Form
Japanese
Transliteration
Japanese
Meaning
Note Ref
aikido aikido 合気道 合氣道 aikidō aikido
ajinomoto flavour enhancer 味の素 味の素 ajinomoto ajinomoto the trademarked product name for monosodium glutamate (MSG), a flavour enhancer, held by Ajinomoto Co.
anata second-person pronoun あなた あなた anata second-person pronoun
貴方 貴方
貴女 貴女
貴男 貴男
animé anime アニメ アニメ anime animation contraction from アニメーション (animēshon), a loanword from English for animation
arigato thank you ありがとう ありがとう arigatō thank you
有り難う 有り難う
有難う 有難う
aza hamlet aza a section of a village

B

Indonesian
Word
Indonesian
Meaning
Japanese
New Form
Japanese
Old Form
Japanese
Transliteration
Japanese
Meaning
Note Ref
bakéro stupid, Japanese swear word ばかやろう ばかやろう bakayarō stupid 1. see baka.
2. variation are included バカやろう, バカヤロウ, バカヤロオ and バカヤロー.
3. ultimately from Portuguese vaqueiro or Spanish vaquero
馬鹿野郎 馬鹿野郎
banggo number 番号 番號 bangō number (Military-related term)
banzai long life cheers 万歳 萬歲 banzai long life cheers lit. "ten thousand years," such as 天皇陛下万歳 (Tennōheika Banzai!) "Long live His Majesty the Emperor"
bento bento 弁当 辨當 bento lunch box
bogodan Japanese police assistant in Sumatra 防護 防護 bōgodan protection + unit (Military-related term)
bokugo air-raid shelter 防空壕 防空壕 bōkūgō air-raid shelter (Military-related term)
boshi hat, cap 帽子 帽子 bōshi hat, cap (Military-related term)
bonsai miniature potted plant 盆栽 盆栽 bonsai tray plantting, bonsai
buco departmental head 部長 部長 buchō departmental head
budan platoon budan platoon (Military-related term) 分隊 (buntai) = platoon
budanco platoon commander budanchō platoon commander (Military-related term) 分隊 (buntai) = platoon
bupin goods, material 物品 物品 buppin goods, material (Military-related term)
bushido bushido 武士道 武士道 bushidō bushido (Military-related term) 1. way of warrior,
2. code of conduct for Japanese samurai
butai troops, a unit 部隊 部隊 butai troops, a unit (Military-related term)

C

Indonesian
Word
Indonesian
Meaning
Japanese
New Form
Japanese
Old Form
Japanese
Transliteration
Japanese
Meaning
Note Ref
canoyu Japanese tea ceremony 茶の湯 茶の湯 chanoyu tea ceremony The Japanese tea ceremony, also called the Way of Tea, is a Japanese cultural activity involving the ceremonial preparation and presentation of matcha (抹茶), powdered green tea.
cudan company chūdan company (Military-related term)
cudanco company commander chūdanchō company commander (Military-related term)
cugako junior high school 中学校 中學校 chūgakkō junior high school
cusetsu submission to the fatherland 忠節 忠節 chūsetsu loyalty;  allegiance;  fidelity (Military-related term)
cuto secondary, intermediate 中等 中等 chūtō medium, middle

D

Indonesian
Word
Indonesian
Meaning
Japanese
New Form
Japanese
Old Form
Japanese
Transliteration
Japanese
Meaning
Note Ref
dai great, large dai great, large such as 大日本 (dai nippon)
daidan battalion daidan battalion
daidanco battalion commander daidanchō battalion commander
daihonéi imperial headquarter 大本営 大本營 daihonei imperial headquarter (Military-related term)
dakocan air-filled black plastic dolls ダッコ
-ちゃん
ダッコ
-ちゃん
dakko-chan a mascot the company mascot of Takara
dan rank for judo, karate, and kenpo dan dan, an East Asia ranking system
dan unit dan unit
danco unit commander danchō unit commander
dohyo dohyō 土俵 土俵 dohyō dohyō dohyō, sumo ring
dokuritsu independence 独立 獨立 dokuritsu independence, separation such as in Badan Penyelidik Usaha Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia (独立準備調査会, Dokuritsu Junbi Chōsa-kai) and Panitia Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia (独立準備委員会, Dokuritsu Junbi Inkai)
doméi dōmei 同盟 同盟 dōmei union, alliance shorthand of 同盟通信社 (dōmei tsūshinsha, lit. Federated News Agency) Imperial Japanese News Agency
dojo dojo 道場 道場 dōjō dojo karate training place
doyo

E

Indonesian
Word
Indonesian
Meaning
Japanese
New Form
Japanese
Old Form
Japanese
Transliteration
Japanese
Meaning
Note Ref
ebi dried shrimp えび えび ebi prawn,  shrimp,  lobster,  crayfish
海老 海老
éisé hygiene, health 衛生 衛生 eisei hygiene, sanitary, health
emoji Japanese emoticon, emoji 絵文字 繪文字 emoji emoji Emoji are ideograms and smileys used in electronic messages and web pages.
éndaka strong yen 円高 圓高 endaka strong yen
énsyu practice, training 演習 演習 enshū exercise, drill, practice

F

Indonesian
Word
Indonesian
Meaning
Japanese
New Form
Japanese
Old Form
Japanese
Transliteration
Japanese
Meaning
Note Ref
fujinkai women association 婦人 婦人 fujinkai women association
fukan adjutant 副官 副官 fukkan adjutant, aide-de-camp Adjutant is a military appointment given to an officer who assists the commanding officer with unit administration.
fungkaico assistant chairperson 副会長 副會長 fukukaichou assistant chairperson
fusimban night guard fushinban night watch;  vigilance

G

Indonesian
Word
Indonesian
Meaning
Japanese
New Form
Japanese
Old Form
Japanese
Transliteration
Japanese
Meaning
Note Ref
gakari duty kakari (person in) charge,  duty through rendaku form -gakari
gako school 学校 學校 gakko school
gakutotai student militia gakutotai student militia (Military-related term)
geisha geisha 芸者 藝者 geisha geisha traditional Japanese female entertainer
génjumin native (pejorative) 原住民 原住民 genjūmin aborigine sensitive. 先住民 is more acceptable.
gigaku gigaku 伎楽 伎樂 gigaku gigaku Gigaku refers to an extinct genre of masked drama-dance performance, imported into Japan during the Asuka period.
giyugun Pembela Tanah Air 義勇軍 義勇軍 giyūgun volunteer army see Pembela Tanah Air (郷土防衛義勇軍, kyōdo bōei giyūgun)
giyuhéi volunteer 義勇兵 義勇兵 giyūhei volunteer soldier
go go 囲碁 i-go go Go is an abstract strategy board game for two players, in which the aim is to surround more territory than the opponent.
gobo Arctium lappa 牛蒡 牛蒡 gobō Arctium lappa
ゴボウ ゴボウ
gongyo buddhist liturgy gon-gyō buddhist liturgy
gun district gun district see Administrative divisions of Japan
gunco district chief (wedana) 郡長 郡長 gunchō district chief see Administrative divisions of Japan
gunséibu Japanese military administration 軍政 軍政 gunseibu military government refers to Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies
gunseikan Japanese military government (chief) 軍政 軍政 gunseikan military government official refers to Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies
gunsyiréikan army commander gunshireikan army commander (Military-related term)

H

Indonesian
Word
Indonesian
Meaning
Japanese
New Form
Japanese
Old Form
Japanese
Transliteration
Japanese
Meaning
Note Ref
haiku haiku 俳句 俳句 haiku haiku Haiku (俳句) is a very short Japan poem with seventeen syllables and three verses.
hakugékiho trench mortar 迫撃砲 迫撃砲 hakugekihō mortar (Military-related term)
hanco squad leader 班長 班長 hanchō squad leader (Military-related term)
hanséi reflection, reconsideration 反省 反省 hansei reflection, reconsideration
harakiri harakiri 腹切 腹切 harakiri harakiri Seppuku, sometimes referred to as harakiri, is a form of Japanese ritual suicide by disembowelment.
hayabusa type of Japanese warplane hayabusa peregrine falcon (Military-related term)
heiho Japanese colonial auxiliaries heiho auxiliaries
hentai 1. pornographic (adj.)
2. pornographic anime, manga or Japanese computer game.
変態 變態 hentai 1. metamorphosis, transformation
2. abnormality
3. pervert, hentai
1. Pervert meaning in Japanese based on contraction of 変態性欲 (hentai seiyoku, lit. perverse sexual desire).
2. The original meaning in the Japanese language is transformation or metamorphosis.
hikoki aeroplane 飛行機 飛行機 hikōki aeroplane
hinomaru national flag of Japan 日の丸 日の丸 hinomaru national flag of Japan
hiragana hiragana 平仮名 平仮名 hiragana hiragana Hiragana is a Japanese syllabary.
ひらがな ひらがな
hokokai Japanese colonial mobilisation group 奉公 奉公 hōkōkai public service association such as Jawa Hokokai.
honbu headquarters 本部 本部 honbu headquarters
honda moped, autocycle; pickup truck 本田 本田 honda Honda, name of vehicle manufacturer.
hoso kyoku broadcasting station 放送局 放送局 hōsōkyoku broadcasting station

I

Indonesian
Word
Indonesian
Meaning
Japanese
New Form
Japanese
Old Form
Japanese
Transliteration
Japanese
Meaning
Note Ref
iaido iaido 居合 居合 iaidō iaido Iaidō (居合道), abbreviated with iai (居合), is a Japanese martial art that emphasizes being aware and capable of quickly drawing the sword and responding to a sudden attack.
iaidoka iaido practitioner 居合 居合 iaidōka iaido practitioner
ici one ichi one
iciban most 一番 一番 ichiban most
ikebana ikebana 生花 生花 ikebana ikebana Ikebana (生け花, "living flowers") is the Japanese art of flower arrangement.
ipon crushing victory 一本 一本 ippon 1.  one point,
2.  a blow
see ippon

J

Indonesian
Word
Indonesian
Meaning
Japanese
New Form
Japanese
Old Form
Japanese
Transliteration
Japanese
Meaning
Note Ref
jibaku,
berjibaku
1. suicide bomber
2. reckless, desperate attack
自爆 自爆 jibaku suicide bombing, self-destruction 1. see also kamikaze.
2. Common use with prefix ber- in form of berjibaku.
jibakutai suicide squad 柔道 柔道 jibakutai suicide squad
jinci fortification, position 陣地 陣地 jinchi encampment, position
johobu intelligence section 情報 情報 jōhōbu 1. information bureau, 
2. intelligence department
joto first class 上等 上等 jōtō first class
ju rifle, gun gun
judo judo 柔道 柔道 jūdō judo Judo (柔道 jūdō, meaning "gentle way") was created as a physical, mental and moral pedagogy in Japan, in 1882, by Jigoro Kano (嘉納治五郎). Its most prominent feature is its competitive element, where the objective is to either throw or takedown an opponent to the ground, immobilize or otherwise subdue an opponent with a pin, or force an opponent to submit with a joint lock or a choke.
judogi judo uniform 柔道 柔道 jūdōki judo uniform
judoka judo practitioner 柔道 柔道 jūdōka judo practitioner
judokang judo hall 柔道 柔道 jūdōkan judo hall
jugun-ianfu comfort women 従軍慰安婦 從軍慰安婦 jūgun-ianfu comfort women
jujitsu jujutsu 柔術 柔術 jujutsu jujutsu see also yuyitsu.
juki rifle, firearm; heavy machine-gun 銃器 jūki small arms
jukikanju heavy machine-gun 重機関銃 jūkikanjū heavy machine gun
jukén bayonet 銃剣 銃劍 jūken bayonet

K

Indonesian
Word
Indonesian
Meaning
Japanese
New Form
Japanese
Old Form
Japanese
Transliteration
Japanese
Meaning
Note Ref
kabuki kabuki 歌舞伎 歌舞伎 kabuki kabuki A form of Japanese theatre in which elaborately costumed male performers use stylized movements, dances, and songs in order to enact tragedies and comedies.
kaigun navy 海軍 海軍 kaigun navy
kaitén human (suicide) torpedo 回天 回天 kaiten torpedo modified as a suicide weapon
kamikazé 1. divine wind (typhoon),
2. suicide attacks by military aviators from Japan in World War 2
神風 神風 kamikaze 1. divine wind,
2. suicide attacks by military aviators from Japan in World War 2
kampai lie supine, stretched out, irregular, powerless 完敗 完敗 kanpai complete defeat,  utter defeat,  annihilation
kanji kanji 漢字 漢字 kanji kanji 1. Kanji (漢字) are the adopted logographic Chinese characters that are used in the Japanese writing system.
2. see also Honji, from Chinese
karakuri karakuri, machine mechanism 絡繰り 絡繰り karakuri karakuri (lit. mechanism)
karaoke karaoke 空オケ 空オケ karaoke karaoke clipped compound of 空 (kara) empty and orchestra.
karate karate 空手 空手 karate karate
唐手 唐手
karategi karate uniform 空手 空手 karateki karate uniform
唐手 唐手
karateka karate practitioner 空手 空手 karateka karate practitioner
唐手 唐手
kata kata kata kata Kata are detailed choreographed patterns of movements practiced either solo or in pairs.
kéibitai guard troops, garrison unit 警備 警備 keibitai guard troops, garrison unit
kéibodan Japanese colonial police assistant 警防 警防 keibōdan civil defense unit
kéiri finance 経理 經理 keiri finance
kéiréi salute 敬礼 敬禮 keirei salute
kéisatsu police 警察 警察 keisatsu police
kéisatsutai police force 警察 警察 keisatsutai police force
keki light machine gun 軽機 輕機 keiki light machine gun
kémpého kempeitai auxiliaries 憲兵 憲兵 kenpeiho kempeitai auxiliaries
kémpétai Japanese military police 憲兵隊 憲兵隊 kenpeitai kempeitai 1. The Kenpeitai (憲兵隊, "Military Police Corps") was the military police arm of the Imperial Japanese Army from 1881 to 1945.
2. current Japan military police is called (keimutai)
ken fist, clench ken fist, clench
ken regency (large district) ken 1. prefecture (of Japan),
2. county (of China)
see Administrative divisions of Japan
kenco regent (large district) kenchō 1. prefecture (of Japan), head of,
2. county (of China), head of
see Administrative divisions of Japan
kèndo kendo 剣道 劍道 kendō kendo lit. sword way
kénpéi military police 憲兵 憲兵 kenpei military police
kénpéitaico head of kempeitai 憲兵隊 憲兵隊 kenpeitaichō head of kempeitai
kenpo, kempo kenpō 拳法 拳法 kenpō kenpō lit. fist method
kiai kiai 気合 氣合 kiai kiai Kiai is a Japanese term used in martial arts for the short yell or shout uttered when performing an attacking move.
kidobutai special task force 機動部隊 機動部隊 kidōbutai mobile troops;  mechanized unit
kimigayo kimigayo, national anthem of Japan 君が代 君が代 kimigayo kimigayo, national anthem of Japan
kimono 1. Japanese traditional dress,
2. Bathrobe
着物 着物 kimono 1. cloth
2. kimono
kinrohosyi labour service 勤労奉仕 勤勞奉仕 kinrōhōshi labour service
kiotsuké attention! 気を付け 気を付け kiwotsuke attention!
koo term of address for a sultan, prince, etc. marquis,  lord,  daimyo, prince
kooa cigarettes 興亜 興亜 kōa Asia development
koci special area, principality 侯地 侯地 kōchi "marquis,  lord,  daimyo, prince"+land
公地 公地
kodo imperial rule 皇道 皇道 kōdō imperial rule Imperial means Empire of Japan
kodomo children 子供 子供 kodomo children
koi koi carp koi carp
kokang bolt lever of a rifle 鋼管 鋼管 kōkan steel pipe
kotai change, relief (of guard) (mil.) 交代 交代 kōtai alternation, change,  relief,  relay,  shift,  substitution
交替 交替
koto high 高等 高等 kōtō high class
kotsubu registration of motor vehicles department 皇道 皇道 kōtsūbu transportation department
kozan mine 鉱山 鉱山 kōzan mine
ku sub-district ku ward, district see Administrative divisions of Japan
kuco head of sub-district kuchō head of ward, district see Administrative divisions of Japan
kumiai association, union 組合 組合 kumiai association, union
kumico people association leader 組長 組長 kumichō association leader
kyoikutai education branch 教育 教育 kyōikutai education unit
kyorén training, instruction 教練 教練 kyōren drill

M

Indonesian
Word
Indonesian
Meaning
Japanese
New Form
Japanese
Old Form
Japanese
Transliteration
Japanese
Meaning
Note Ref
manga manga, Japanese-style comics 漫画 漫畫 manga manga, refer to cartooning, comics, and animation 1. lit. impromptu sketches
2. sometimes, manga-influenced comics, such as Chinese manhua (漫畫, 漫画) and Korean manhwa (만화), are included in.
mangaka mangaka 漫画家 漫畫家 mangaka manga artist Mangaka is the Japanese word for manga artist.
mikado Emperor of Japan 御門 御門 mikado Emperor of Japan The literal meaning of 御門 is "the honorable gate", that is, the gate of the Japanese imperial palace.
minséibu civil administration department 民生 民生 minseibu civil administration department
minséifu civil administration department (naval zone) 民生 民生 minseifu civil administration
mirin mirin 味醂 味醂 mirin mirin Mirin (味醂 or みりん) is an essential condiment used in Japanese cuisine from a type of rice wine similar to sake, but with a lower alcohol content and higher sugar content.
mitamasyiro spirit substitute mitamashiro spirit substitute
moci mochi mochi mochi Mochi (Japanese: 餅, もち) is Japanese rice cake made of mochigome, a short-grain japonica glutinous rice.
mocitsuki mochi preparation for Japanese new year mochitsuki mochi preparation for Japanese new year
mokto silent prayer 黙祷 默禱 mokutō silent prayer
mokuju wooden gun, rifle mokujū wooden gun

N

Indonesian
Word
Indonesian
Meaning
Japanese
New Form
Japanese
Old Form
Japanese
Transliteration
Japanese
Meaning
Note Ref
naimubu internal affairs department 内務 内務 naimubu internal affairs department
nansyinron nanshin-ron 南進論 南進論 nanshin-ron nanshin-ron The Southern Expansion Doctrine (南進論 Nanshin-ron) was a political doctrine in the Empire of Japan which stated that Southeast Asia and the Pacific Islands were Japan's sphere of interest and that the potential value to the Japanese Empire for economic and territorial expansion in those areas was greater than elsewhere.
nanyo nanyang 南洋 南洋 nanyō nanyang Nanyang is a sinocentric Chinese term for the warmer and fertile geographical region south of China, otherwise known as the 'South Sea' or Southeast Asia.
naoré eyes front! 名折れ 名折れ naore blot; disgrace; dishonor
nikkeiren Japanese labour union nikkeiren Japan Federation of Employers' Associations Nikkeiren is short form of Japan Federation of Employers' Associations (日本経営者団体連盟) which merged into Japan Business Federation.
ninja 1. ninja.
2. Unidentified killer with black clothes and mask
忍者 忍者 ninja ninja A ninja (忍者) or shinobi (忍び) was a covert agent or mercenary in feudal Japan.
noh noh noh Noh (能 Nō), derived from the Sino-Japanese word for "skill" or "talent", is a major form of classical Japanese musical drama that has been performed since the 14th century.
nipon, nippon Japan 日本 日本 nippon Japan nippon is more related to World War II and before; current reading prefers nihon than nippon.
nipongo Japanese language 日本語 日本語 nippongo Japanese language
niponjin Japanese people 日本人 日本人 nipponjin Japanese people
niponséishin Japanese spirit 日本精神 日本精神 nipponseishin Japanese spirit
nogyo kumiai agricultural cooperative 農業組合 農業組合 nōgyō kumiai agricultural cooperative
nori nori 海苔 海苔 nori nori

O

Indonesian
Word
Indonesian
Meaning
Japanese
New Form
Japanese
Old Form
Japanese
Transliteration
Japanese
Meaning
Note Ref
obi obi obi obi Obi is a sash for traditional Japanese dress, keikogi (uniforms for Japanese martial arts), and part of kimono outfits.
okura okra オクラ オクラ okura okra
秋葵 秋葵
onagata male actor in female kabuki roles 女形 女形 onnagata male actor in female kabuki roles
女方 女方
onigiri onigiri 御握 御握 onigiri onigiri Onigiri, also known as o-musubi, nigirimeshi or rice ball, is a Japanese food made from white rice formed into triangular or cylindrical shapes and often wrapped in nori (seaweed).
onsèn onsen 温泉 溫泉 onsen onsen An onsen (温泉) is a Japanese hot spring; the term also extends to cover the bathing facilities and traditional inns frequently situated around a hot spring.
origami origami 折紙 折紙 origami origami Origami is the art of paper folding, which is often associated with Japanese culture.
oritsuru crane-shaped origami 折鶴 折鶴 oriduru crane-shaped origami In Japanese, rendaku is applied so ori+tsuru changed into oriduru, while Indonesian kept non-rendaku pronunciation.

P

Indonesian
Word
Indonesian
Meaning
Japanese
New Form
Japanese
Old Form
Japanese
Transliteration
Japanese
Meaning
Note Ref
panko bread crumbs パン パン panko bread crumbs Panko (パン粉) is a variety of flaky bread crumb used in Japanese cuisine as a crunchy coating for fried foods, such as tonkatsu.
pesinban night guard fushinban night watch;  vigilance

R

Indonesian
Word
Indonesian
Meaning
Japanese
New Form
Japanese
Old Form
Japanese
Transliteration
Japanese
Meaning
Note Ref
ramen ramen ラーメン 拉麵 ramen soup noodle a kind of Japanese-style soup noodle originated from China
rengo trade union 連合 連合 rengo RENGO RENGO (連合 Rengō), which stands for Japanese Trade Union Confederation (日本労働組合総連合会 Nihon Rōdōkumiai Sōrengōkai), is a national trade union center in Japan.
rénséitai training units renseitai training units
練成 練成
rikugun army 陸軍 陸軍 rikugun army
romukyokai rōmusha recruitment committee 労務協会 協會 rōmukyōkai rōmusha committee see Rōmusha (労務者).
romusa, romusha, romusya rōmusha 労務者 rōmusha rōmusha Rōmusha (労務者) is a Japanese language word for "laborer", but has come to specifically denote forced laborers during the Japanese occupation of Indonesia in World War II.

S

Indonesian
Word
Indonesian
Meaning
Japanese
New Form
Japanese
Old Form
Japanese
Transliteration
Japanese
Meaning
Note Ref
sabo erosion, sedimentation, landslide control system 砂防 砂防 sabō erosion control
saikosyikikan Commander-in-chief 最高指揮官 最高指揮官 saikōshikikan Commander-in-chief
sake sake sake sake Sake, Japanese rice wine, is made by fermenting rice that has been polished to remove the bran.
sakura cherry blossom sakura cherry blossom A cherry blossom is the flower of any of several trees of genus Prunus, particularly the Japanese cherry, Prunus serrulata, which is called sakura after the Japanese (桜 or 櫻; さくら).
samurai samurai samurai samurai Samurai (侍) were the military nobility and officer caste of medieval and early-modern Japan.
sangyobu industrial department 産業 産業 sangyōbu industrial department
sashimi sashimi 刺身 刺身 sashimi sashimi Sashimi is a Japanese delicacy consisting of very fresh raw meat or fish sliced into thin pieces.
satori free from discrimination condition 悟り 悟り satori 1. comprehension,  understanding
2. enlightenment (Buddhism)
覚り 覚り
sayonara good bye さようなら さようなら sayōnara formal, final good bye
seikeirei profound obeisance 最敬礼 最敬礼 saikeirei a low, deep bow, a respectful bow
seko observer, scout, spy 斥候 斥候 sekkō scout, patrol, spy
sendenbu Japanese colonial propaganda office 宣伝部 宣伝部 sendenbu public relation departement
sensei Japanese teacher, including Japanese martial arts teacher 先生 先生 sensei elder, scholar, teacher, doctor see also sinse, Chinese loanword.
seinendan Japanese colonial youth association 青年 青年 seinendan youth association 青年 (seinen) = youth.
shinkansen 1. high-speed passenger train, bullet train
2. shinkansen
新幹線 新幹線 shinkansen shinkansen The Shinkansen, means new trunkline or new main line, colloquially known in English as the bullet train, is a network of high-speed railway lines in Japan.
Shinto shinto 神道 神道 shintō shinto Shinto is the traditional religion of Japan that focuses on ritual practices to be carried out diligently to establish a connection between present-day Japan and its ancient past.
soba soba, a buckwheat noodle 蕎麦 蕎麦 soba 1. buckwheat,
2. buckwheat noodle
Son Goku Son Goku Son Gokū Sun Wukong, Goku see also Sun Go Kong from Chinese.
sogi shogi 将棋 將棋 shōgi shogi Shogi, also known as Japanese chess or the Game of Generals, is a two-player strategy board game native to Japan in the same family as chess.
sogo 1. a giant trading company whose sales in retail,
2. Sogo, departement store chain
そごう そごう sogō Sogo, a department store chain Sogo is department store chain which was founded Ihei Sogo (十合 伊兵衛, Sogou Ihei).
soroban soroban 算盤 算盤 soroban soroban The soroban (算盤, そろばん, counting tray) is an abacus developed in Japan. see suanpan, Chinese loanword.
somubu general affairs department 総務 総務 sōmubu general affairs department
subuco Japanese colonial officer 部長 部長 subucho head of auxiliary departement
sudoku sudoku 数独 數獨 sūdoku sudoku Sudoku (数独 sūdoku, digit-single) ( originally called Number Place) is a logic-based, combinatorial number-placement puzzle.
suiseki suiseki 水石 水石 suiseki suiseki Suiseki (水石) are small naturally occurring or shaped rocks which are traditionally appreciated.
sukiyaki sukiyaki 鋤焼 sukiyaki sukiyaki Sukiyaki is a Japanese dish that is prepared and served in the nabemono (Japanese hot pot) style.
すき焼き
sumubu religious affairs department shūmubu religious affairs department
susyi sushi すし すし sushi sushi Sushi is a Japanese dish of specially prepared vinegared rice (鮨飯 sushi-meshi), usually with some sugar and salt, combined with a variety of ingredients (ネタ neta), such as seafood, vegetables, and occasionally tropical fruits.
寿司 寿司
sumo sumo 相撲 相撲 sumō sumo Sumo (wrestling) is a competitive full-contact wrestling sport where a rikishi (wrestler) attempts to force another wrestler out of a circular ring (dohyō) or into touching the ground with anything other than the soles of his feet.
syi municipality shi municipality
syico mayor 市長 市長 shichō mayor
syihobu judicial affairs department 司法部 司法部 shihōbu judicial affairs department
syodanco platoon commander shōdanchō platoon commander
syogun, shogun shōgun 将軍 将軍 shōgun shōgun The shōgun was the military dictator of Japan during the period from 1185 to 1868 (with exceptions).
syu residency shū state
syuco resident; residency 州長 州長 shūchō
syucokan resident; administrator 州長官 州長官 shūchōkan
syurikèn shuriken 手裏剣 手裏劍 shuriken shuriken A shuriken (Japanese 手裏剣; literally: "hidden hand blade") is a Japanese concealed weapon that was used as a hidden dagger to distract or misdirect.

T

Indonesian
Word
Indonesian
Meaning
Japanese
New Form
Japanese
Old Form
Japanese
Transliteration
Japanese
Meaning
Note Ref
taico unit commander 隊長 隊長 taichō leader, captain
taiho gun, cannon 大砲 大砲 taihō gun, cannon
taikén sword-armed taiken sword-armed
taisa colonel 大佐 大佐 taisa colonel
taiso Japanese gymnastics 体操 體操 taisho gymnastics,  physical exercises,  calisthenics
takeyari bamboo spear 竹槍 竹槍 takeyori bamboo spear
takoyaki takoyaki たこ焼き takoyaki takoyaki Takoyaki (たこ焼き or 蛸焼) is a ball-shaped Japanese snack made of a wheat flour-based batter and cooked in a special molded pan.
蛸焼 蛸焼
tama bullet, shell tama bullet, shell
tatami sport play area tatami tatami Tatami (畳) is a type of mat used as a flooring material in traditional Japanese-style rooms.
taté Stand up! 立て 立て tate Stand up!
téikoku empire 帝国 帝國 teikoku empire
tempura tempura 天ぷら tenpura tempura Tempura is Japanese dish usually consisting of seafood or vegetables that have been battered and deep fried.
天麩羅 天麩羅
téncosétsu Emperor's Birthday 天長 天長 tenchōsetsu Emperor's Birthday Emperor's Birthday was named 天長節 from 1868 to 1948, has been named 天皇誕生日 (tennōtanjōbi) since 1948.
ténko roll call 点呼 点呼 tenko roll call
tenno heika 1. Emperor of Japan,
2. Hirohito, Emperor Shōwa
天皇陛下 天皇陛下 tennō heika His Imperial Majesty (of Japan) 1. originally refer to current Emperor in Japan;
2. as the term introduced at World War II, the phrase refers to Hirohito, Emperor Shōwa (April 29, 1901 – January 7, 1989), the Emperor of Japan at that time.
3. 天皇 (tennō) = Japanese emperor, 陛下 (heika) = majesty
teno Emperor of Japan 天皇 天皇 tennō Emperor of Japan
teriyaki teriyaki 照り焼き teriyaki teriyaki Teriyaki is a cooking technique used in Japanese cuisine in which foods are broiled or grilled with a glaze of soy sauce, mirin, and sugar.
照焼 照燒
tekidanto grenade launcher 擲弾筒 擲彈筒 tekidantō grenade launcher
tépo gun, rifle 鉄砲 teppō gun
tobang military or police helper (or lackey) 当番 当番 tōban being on duty
tobiko tobiko 飛び子 飛び子 tobiko tobiko Tobiko (とびこ) is the Japanese word for flying fish roe.
tofu extra soft tofu 豆腐 豆腐 tōfu tofu see also tahu, loan word from Chinese.
tokubetsuhan special squad of staff officers 特別 特別 tokubetsuhan special unit
tomare Halt! 止まれ 止まれ tomare Halt!
tonarigumi neighbourhood association 隣組 隣組 tonarigumi neighbourhood association
toyota a Toyota jeep トヨタ トヨタ toyota Toyota Motor Corporation, usually shortened to Toyota, is a Japanese multinational automotive manufacturer headquartered in Toyota, Aichi, Japan which founded by Toyoda, Kiichirō (豊田 喜一郎).
tsunami tsunami 津波 津波 tsunami 1. tsunami, tidal wave,
2. tidal bore
tsuru crane-shaped origami tsuru crane

U

Indonesian
Word
Indonesian
Meaning
Japanese
New Form
Japanese
Old Form
Japanese
Transliteration
Japanese
Meaning
Note Ref
udon udon うどん udon udon Udon is a type of thick wheat flour noodle, used frequently in Japanese cuisine.
饂飩 饂飩
umami umami 旨味 旨味 umami umami Umami, lit. "pleasant savory taste", is one of the five basic tastes, has been described as savory, and characteristic of broths and cooked meats.

W

Indonesian
Word
Indonesian
Meaning
Japanese
New Form
Japanese
Old Form
Japanese
Transliteration
Japanese
Meaning
Note Ref
wagyu wagyu wagyū wagyu Wagyu (和牛 Wagyū, "Japanese cow") is any of four Japanese breeds of beef cattle.
wasabi wasabi わさび wasabi wasabi Wasabi (Eutrema japonicum or Wasabia japonica) is a plant of the family Brassicaceae, which also includes horseradish and mustard.
山葵 山葵
wazari winning score in judo 技あり waza-ari waza-ari, half-point
技有り

Y

Indonesian
Word
Indonesian
Meaning
Japanese
New Form
Japanese
Old Form
Japanese
Transliteration
Japanese
Meaning
Note Ref
yakitori yakitori 焼き鳥 焼き鳥 yakitori yakitori Yakitori is a Japanese type of skewered chicken.
yamaha ヤマハ ヤマハ yamaha Yamaha Corporation is a Japanese multinational corporation and conglomerate with a very wide range of products and services, predominantly musical instruments, electronics and power sports equipment which established by Torakusu Yamaha (山葉寅楠) in 1867.
yamato yamato 大和 大和 yamato yamato Yamato (大和) was originally the area around today's Sakurai City in Nara prefecture of Japan which became the Yamato Province and by extension a name for the whole of Japan.
yasume (Stand) at ease! 休め 休め yasume (Stand) at ease!
yen yen en 1. yen, money,
2. circle
yugékitai guerilla task force yūgekitai commando unit
yuyitsu jujutsu 柔術 柔術 jujutsu jujutsu see also jujitsu.

Z

Indonesian
Word
Indonesian
Meaning
Japanese
New Form
Japanese
Old Form
Japanese
Transliteration
Japanese
Meaning
Note Ref
zaibatsu zaibatsu 財閥 財閥 zaibatsu zaibatsu zaibatsu (財閥, "financial clique") is a Japanese term referring to industrial and financial business conglomerates in the Empire of Japan.
zaimubu financial department 財務 財務 zaimubu financial department
zen zen zen zen Zen is the Japanese variant of Chan Buddhism, a Mahayana school that strongly emphasizes dhyana concentration-meditation.
zimukyokuco head of the administrative section 事務局長 事務局長 jimukyokuchō head of secretariat
zinkozosan raising local production 人工 人工 jinkōzōsan artificial production increase

Bibliography

  • Badudu, J.S; Kamus Kata-kata Serapan Asing Dalam Bahasa Indonesia; Kompas, Jakarta, 2003
  • Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, Jakarta, Balai Pustaka: 1999, halaman 1185 s.d. 1188 berisikan Pendahuluan buku Senarai Kata Serapan dalam Bahasa Indonesia, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, Jakarta, 1996 (dengan sedikit penyaduran tanpa mengubah maksud dan tujuan seseungguhnya dari buku ini).

References

  1. /p/, /t/, /k/ are unaspirated, as in the Romance languages, or as in English spy, sty, sky. In final position, they are unreleased [p̚, t̪̚, ʔ̚], with final k being a glottal stop. /b, d/ are also unreleased, and therefore devoiced, [p̚, t̚]. There is no liaison: they remain unreleased even when followed by a vowel, as in kulit ubi "potato skins", though they are pronounced as a normal medial consonant when followed by a suffix.
  2. The fricatives [f, z, ʃ, x, ɣ] are found in loanwords only. Some speakers pronounce orthographic ‹v› in loanwords as [v]; otherwise it is [f]. The fricative [z] can also be an allophone of /s/ before voiced consonants.
  3. In dialects such as the Tokyo dialect, the voiced fricatives [z, ʑ] are generally pronounced as affricates [dz, ] in word-initial positions and after the moraic nasal /N/ (pronounced [n] before [dz] and [ɲ] before [dʑ]) or the sokuon /Q/ (spelled , only in loanwords). Actual realizations of these sounds vary among speakers (see Yotsugana).
  4. When an affricate consonant is geminated, only the closure component of it is repeated: [kiddzɯ], [eddʑi], [ittsɯi], [kettɕakɯ].
  5. A declining number of speakers pronounce word-medial /ɡ/ as [ŋ], but /ɡ/ is always represented by [ɡ] in this system.
  6. The glottal stop [ʔ] is an allophone of /k/ and /ɡ/ in the coda: baik, bapak. It is also used between identical vowels in hiatus. Only a few words have this sound in the middle, e.g. bakso (meatballs) and rakyat (alternative word of 'people' or 'society'). It may be represented by an apostrophe in Arabic derived words such as Al Qur'an.
  7. [ɰ], romanized w, is the consonant equivalent of the vowel [ɯ], which is pronounced with varying degrees of rounding, depending on dialect.
  8. The syllable-final n (moraic nasal) is pronounced as some kind of nasalized vowel before a vowel, semivowel ([j, ɰ]) or fricative ([ɸ, s, ɕ, ç, h]). [ɰ̃] is a conventional notation undefined for the exact place of articulation.
  9. In many dialects including the Tokyo dialect, close vowels [i] and [ɯ] become voiceless (marked by a ring under the symbol) when surrounded by voiceless consonants and not followed by a pitch drop.
  10. [ɯ], romanized u, exhibits varying degrees of rounding depending on dialect. In the Tokyo dialect, it is either unrounded or compressed ([ɯᵝ]), meaning the sides of the lips are held together without horizontal protrusion, unlike protruded [u].
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