List of Himalayan peaks and passes
Overall, the Himalayan mountain system is the world's highest, and is home to 10 of 14 of the world's highest peaks, the Eight-thousanders, and a further 50 peaks over 7,000 metres (23,000 ft). The Karakoram and Hindu Kush are regarded as separate ranges. In the table below sorting by coordinates sorts by longitude (i.e. West to East) and "HP" = High point.
Peaks
| Global Rank | Peak Name | Other names and meaning | Elevation | Prominence (metres) |
Isolation | Region | Coordinates | Country | First Ascent |
Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| m | ft | ||||||||||
| 1 | Mount Everest | Sagarmatha, Chomolungma | 8,848.86 | 29,031 | 8,848 | infinite | Mahalangur | Nepal | 1953 | HP World | |
| 2 | K2 | Godwin Austin, Chhogori "Savage Mountain" | 8,611 | 28,251 | 4,020 | 136 | Karakoram | 35°52′57″N 76°30′48″E | Pakistan | 1954 | Highest peak in Pakistan |
| 3 | Kanchenjunga | "Five treasures of great snow" | 8,586 | 28,169 | 3,922 | 124.3 | Nepal/India | 27°42′12″N 88°08′51″E | India • Nepal | 1955 | second highest peak in India, Easternmost 8000m peak |
| 4 | Lhotse | "South Peak" | 8,516 | 27,940 | 610 | 2.7 | Mahalangur | 27°57′42″N 86°55′59″E | Nepal • China | 1956 | Part of Everest massif |
| 5 | Makalu | "The Great Black" | 8,485 | 27,838 | 2,378 | 17.2 | Mahalangur | 27°53′23″N 87°05′20″E | Nepal • China | 1955 | East of Mt. Everest |
| 6 | Cho Oyu | "Turquoise Goddess" | 8,281 | 27,162 | 2,430 | 28.5 | Mahalangur | 28°05′39″N 86°39′39″E | Nepal • China | 1954 | Easiest 8000m peak |
| 7 | Dhaulagiri I | "White Mountain" | 8,176 | 26,825 | 3,357 | 317.6 | Central | 28°41′48″N 83°29′35″E | Nepal | 1960 | West of Gandaki River |
| 8 | Manaslu | Kutang, "Mountain of the Spirit" | 8,163 | 26,781 | 3,092 | 105.6 | Central | 28°33′00″N 84°33′35″E | Nepal | 1956 | |
| 9 | Nanga Parbat | Diamir, "Naked Mountain" | 8,126 | 26,660 | 4,608 | 188.5 | Gilgit-Baltistan (GB) region | 35°14′14″N 74°35′21″E | Pakistan | 1953 | Westernmost peak of Himalayas, rises 7000m above Indus River. |
| 10 | Annapurna I | "Goddess of the Harvests" | 8,100 | 26,568 | 2,984 | 33.9 | Central | 28°35′44″N 83°49′13″E | Nepal | 1950 | North of Pokhara |
| 14 | Shishapangma | "Crest above the grassy plains", Gosainthan | 8,064 | 26,450 | 2,897 | 91.3 | Central | 28°21′12″N 85°46′43″E | Nepal • China | 1964 | About 10 km north of Nepal border. |
| 15 | Gyachung Kang | Buddha's Peak | 7,995 | 26,224 | 672 | 7.6 | Mahalangur | 28°05′53″N 86°44′32″E | Nepal • China | 1964 | Highest mountain under 8,000m |
| 16 | Nuptse | "West Peak" in Tibetan | 7,950 | 26,076 | 305 | 3.4 | Mahalangur | 27°57′59″N 86°53′24″E | Nepal | 1961 | sub peak of Lhotse |
| 23 | Nanda Devi | "Bliss-giving Goddess" | 7,925 | 25,994 | 3,139 | 388.7 | Garhwal | 30°22′33″N 79°58′15″E | India | 1936 | HP Uttarakhand. Highest peak entirely within India. |
| 28 | Namcha Barwa | 7,833 | 25,692 | 4,160 | 707.8 | Arunachal Pradesh | 29°37′52″N 95°03′19″E | India • China | 1992 | Eastern end of Himalaya | |
| 29 | Kamet | 7,800 | 25,584 | 2,825 | 70.3 | Garhwal | 30°55′12″N 79°35′30″E | India | 1931 | ||
| 34 | Gurla Mandhata | 7,744 | 25,400 | 2,788 | 127.5 | West Tibetan | 30°26′19″N 81°17′48″E | India • China | 1985 | ||
| 40 | Gangkhar Puensum | Gankar Punzum, "Three Mountain Siblings" | 7,700 | 25,256 | 3,025 | 228.1 | Bhutanese | 28°02′50″N 90°27′19″E | Bhutan | unclimbed | HP Bhutan. World's highest unclimbed peak. Off-limits. |
| 45 | Kula Kangri | 7,600 | 24,928 | 1,654 | 25.4 | Bhutanese | 28°13′37″N 90°36′59″E | China (Bhutan)[1] | 1986 | ||
| 62 | Yangra | Ganesh I | 7,500 | 24,600 | 2,352 | 48.1 | Central | 28°23′29″N 85°07′38″E | Nepal • China | 1955 | |
| 75 | Labuche Kang | 7,396 | 24,259 | 1,957 | 38.3 | Central | 28°18′15″N 86°21′03″E | Nepal • China | 1987 | ||
| 78 | Jomolhari | 7,326 | 24,035 | 2,065 | 106 | Bhutanese | 27°49′36″N 89°16′04″E | Bhutan • China | 1937 | ||
| 84 | Gyala Peri | 7,294 | 23,930 | 2,942 | 20.4 | Assam[2] | 29°48′52″N 94°58′07″E | India • China | 1986 | ||
| 98 | Langtang Lirung | 7,225 | 23,698 | 1,534 | 24.5 | Central | 28°15′22″N 85°31′01″E | Nepal | 1978 | ||
| 102 | Tongshanjiabu | 7,200 | 23,616 | 1,757 | 38.8 | Bhutanese | 28°11′12″N 89°57′27″E | Bhutan • China[3] | unclimbed | ||
| 104 | Noijin Kangsang | 7,190 | 23,583 | 2,160 | 88.4 | East Tibetan | 28°56′48″N 90°10′42″E | India • China • Bhutan | 1986 | ||
| 120 | Nun | 7,135 | 23,409 | 2,404 | 166.7 | Punjab | 33°58′48″N 76°01′18″E | India | 1953 | ||
| 148 | Kangto | 7,060 | 23,163 | 2,195 | 189.6 | Arunachal Pradesh | 27°51′54″N 92°31′57″E | India • China | |||
| Machapuchare | "Fish Tail" | 6,993 | 22,943 | 1233 | 9.2 | Central | 28°29′42″N 83°56′57″E | Nepal | 1957(short of summit) | Sacred to Shiva, off-limits. | |
| Dorje Lakpa | "Langtang Himal" | 6,966 | 22,854 | 796 | 15.1 | Central | 28°10′26″N 85°46′45″E | Nepal | 1992 | NW of Kathmandu. | |
| Kedarnath | "The Great God" | 6,940 | 22,763.2 | 1027 | 10.3 | Himalayas | 30°47′42″N 79°04′10″E | India | 1947 | ||
| Kedarnath (mountain) | "Kedarnath II" | 6,831 | 22405.68 | 1027 | 10.3 | Himalayas | 30°48′31″N 79°04′44″E | India | 1947 | ||
| Ama Dablam | "Mother And Her Necklace" | 6,814 | 22,349.92 | 1027 | 10.3 | Mahalangur | 27°51′40″N 86°51′40″E | Nepal | 1961 | ||
| Badrinath | "The Kind God" | 6,798 | 22297.44 | 1027 | 10.3 | Himalayas | 30°47′42″N 79°04′10″E | India | 1947 | ||
| Mount Kailash | Kang Rinpoche (Precious Snow Peak) | 6,638 | 21,778 | 1319 | 66.0 | West Tibetan[4] | 31°4′0″N 81°18′45″E | Nepal | Unclimbed | Sacred to four religions, near sources of four major rivers. | |
| Mana Peak | "Manaswini" | 6,561 | 21520.08 | 1027 | 10.3 | Himalayas | 31°05′13″N 79°27′06″E | India | 1972 | ||
| Bandarpunch | "Mahalangur Hanuman" | 6,498 | 21313.44 | 1027 | 10.3 | Mahalangur | 30°47′42″N 79°04′10″E | India | 1947 | ||
| Gangotri | "Origin of Shri Mata Ganga" | 6,400 | 20992 | 1027 | 10.3 | Himalayas | 31°N 79°E | India | ???? | ||
| Yamunotri | "Origin of Shri Mata Yamuna" | 6,381 | 20929.68 | 1027 | 10.3 | Himalayas | 31°10′N 78°59′E | India | ???? | ||
Passes and routes
The rugged terrain makes few routes through the mountains possible. Some routes through the Himalaya include:
| Notable passes and routes | Notes | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pass or route | Elevation | Coordinates | ||
| m | ft | |||
| Banihal Pass | 2,832 | 9,291 | 33°31′N 75°16′E | Connecting the hill areas of Jammu to the Kashmir Valley |
| Zoji La | 3,528 | 11,575 | 34°16′44″N 75°28′19″E | Between the vale of Kashmir and the Kargil district, and is the only Western entrance to the highlands of Ladakh |
| Rohtang Pass | 3,973 | 13,035 | 32°22′17″N 77°14′47″E | Himachal Pradesh, India. |
| Kunzum Pass | 4,590 | 15,060 | 32°23′56″N 77°38′8″E | Himachal Pradesh, India |
| Shipki La Pass | 4,500 | 14,764 | On the road between Shipki town and Shimla in Himachal Pradesh state, India | |
| Baralacha La Pass | 4,450 | 14,600 | On the road between the China border and Sangla Town, Himachal Pradesh | |
| Mohan Pass | 1,800 | 5,900 | 30°14′N 77°58′E | The principal pass in the Siwalik Hills, the southernmost and geologically youngest foothills running parallel to the main Himalayas in Sikkim. |
| Kora La | 4,594 | 15,072 | 29°18′14″N 83°58′7″E | On the Nepal-Tibet border at the upper end of Mustang. The Kali Gandaki Gorge (a graben),[5] transects the main Himalaya and Transhimalayan ranges. Kora La is the lowest pass through both ranges between K2 and Everest, but some 300 metres (980 ft) higher than Nathula and Jelepla passes further east between Sikkim and Tibet |
| Arniko Rajmarg/Friendship Highway route | 5,260 | 17,260 | From Kathmandu, Nepal crossing into Tibet at Kodari/Zhangmu, to Nyalam, Lalung-La pass (5,050m/16,570 ft), Tingri, Shelkar, Gyatso La pass, to Lhatse on the Yarlung Tsangpo/Brahmaputra River about 460 road km west of Lhasa | |
| Lipulekh Pass | 4,400 | 14,436 | On the road between Kalapani and Kailash Mansarovar Lake Road in Uttarakhand state, India | |
| Nathu La | 4,310 | 14,140 | 27°20′N 88°37′E | in Sikkim to Lhasa in Tibet, via the Nathula and Jelepla passes (offshoots of the ancient Silk Road) |
| Jelep La | 4,252 | 13,950 | On the road between Kupup town and Baba Hanuman Singh Mandir in Sikkim state, India | |
| Umling La | 5,883 | 19,301 | Connecting Demchok and Chisumle villages, 230 km from Leh Town in Ladakh. Stretching for 86 km, the temperature ranges from -10°C to -20°C. Oxygen level is 50% less than normal range. [6] | |
| Thorong La | 5,416 | 17,769 | 28°47′37″N 83°56′14″E | The high point of the Annapurna Circuit, it connects the Manang District to the Mustang District in Nepal. |
| Mana Pass | 5,632 | 18,478 | 31°04′06″N 79°25′00″E | On the border between India and Tibet. 2nd Highest motorable Road in India and in the world. |
| Khardung La Pass | 5,600 | 18,373 | On the road between Diskit town and Galwan Valley in Ladakh state, India. 3rd highest motorable road in India and in the world. | |
| Sela Pass | 4,225 | 13,862 | On the road between Bomdila town and Tawang Town in Arunachal Pradesh state, India | |
| Changla Pass | 5,036 | 16,522 | On the road between Pangong Tso and Leh Town in Ladakh state, India. | |
References
- Wholly claimed by China as a part of its Tibet Autonomous Region; Actually Bhutan • China
- Strictly not in the Himalaya, but in the Nyenchen Tanglha Shan in East Tibet
- Wholly claimed by Bhutan, but on the border of the Tibet Autonomous Region according to China.
- Strictly not in the Himalaya, but in the Transhimalaya on the Tibetan plateau
- Godin, L.; et al. (1999). Allison MacFarlane; Rasoul B. Sorkhabi; Jay Quade (eds.). "High strain zone in the hanging wall of the Annapurna detachment". Himalaya and Tibet: Mountain Roots to Mountain Tops. GSA (328): 201.
- [https://www.makemytrip.com/blog/worlds-highest-motorable-pass-ladakh#:~:text=If%20you%20agree%E2%80%94and%20if,height%20of%20over%2019%2C300%20feet.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.