List of Calderón's plays in English translation
Pedro Calderón de la Barca was a Spanish Golden Age playwright who — from the beginning of his theatrical career in the 1620s to his death in 1681 — wrote about 120 comedias and about 80 autos sacramentales.[1] About 40 of these have been translated into English, at least three during Calderón's own lifetime; La vida es sueño (Life is a Dream), "a work many hold to be the supreme example of Spanish Golden Age drama",[2] exists in around 20 English versions.[3]
Early trends in translation
1600s and 1700s: cape and sword
Calderón evidently exerted no direct influence on English playwrights before 1660, although one play by John Fletcher and one by Philip Massinger are probably based to some extent on Spanish originals, and James Shirley's The Young Admiral and The Opportunity are adaptations of plays by Calderón's contemporaries Lope de Vega and Tirso de Molina respectively.[4]
The wild success of Sir Samuel Tuke's The Adventures of Five Hours,[5] a 1663 adaptation of a play by Spanish playwright Antonio Coello, began a fashion for Spanish adaptations on the English Restoration stage. Within 4 years, George Digby had translated 3 comedies by Calderón. After this "bubble" based on Calderón's reputation as a popular playwright, his direct influence vanishes almost entirely from the English stage for over a century.
1800s: the Spanish Shakespeare
At the beginning of the 19th century, international interest in Calderón was resurrected by August Schlegel, and English translation resumed. Now, Calderón was more often seen as a philosophical, literary, or religious — rather than a popular — dramatist. The two giants of 19th-century Calderón translation exhibit opposing approaches to the "Spanish Shakepeare". Edward Fitzgerald, turning Calderón into a pseudo-Elizabethan, states:
I do not believe an exact translation of this poet can be very successful… I have, while faithfully trying to retain what was fine and efficient, sunk, reduced, altered, and replaced, much that seemed not…[6]
Denis Florence MacCarthy exhibiting a more formal "bardology" writes:
All the forms of verse have been preserved; while the closeness of the translation may be inferred from the fact, that not only the whole play but every speech and fragment of a speech are represented in English in the exact number of lines of the original, without the sacrifice, it is to be hoped, of one important idea.[7]
It might be said that Fitzgerald's translations were quite English, but not Calderón; while Mac-Carthy's were Calderón, but not quite English.[8]
Other echoes
Besides full translations, Calderón's plays have provided, as it were, raw materials for some English plays (not included in the table below).
Though the ultimate source of John Dryden's An Evening's Love; or, The Mock Astrologer (1668) is Calderón's El Astrologo Fingido, scholars have not determined how much of his writing (if any) is based directly on Calderón, how much on Thomas Corneille's Le Feint Astrologue (a French translation of Calderón's work, which Dryden also acknowledges as a source), and how much on any of several other related French and English sources; whatever the sources, he used them freely, and his entire fifth act is original.[9]
The "high" plot (one of several) in William Wycherley's Love in a Wood (1672) is based on Mañanas de abril y mayo (Mornings of April and May).[10] The basic idea (though not particular scenes) of his Gentleman Dancing-Master (1673) hails from Calderón's El maestro de Danzar.[11] Isaac Bickerstaff writes in 1770 that:
Calderon ... through Molière, Corneille, Le Sage, Boissy, etc. has provided Vanbrugh, Centlivre, Cibber, and Steel [sic], with The Mistake, The False Friend,[12] The Wonder, The Busy Body, The Kind Impostor, The Lady's Philosophy, and The Lying Lover, all English Comedies, which have been received upon the stage with the warmest marks of approbation.[13]
Similarly, John Howard Payne's The Last Duel in Spain (apparently from about 1822-30, and unproduced), although based ultimately on Calderón's El Postrer Duelo de España was probably actually derived from D'Esménard's French prose translation, Le Dernier Duel en Espagne, published in 1822.[14]
Translations
Key
- Spanish Title — The original comedia or auto that serves as the basis of the English text.
- English Title — The title of the English text, as it appears in the particular translation. Because one Spanish title may suggest alternate English titles (e.g. Life is a Dream, Life's a Dream, Such Stuff as Dreams are Made Of), sorting by this column is not a reliable way to group all translations of a particular original together; to do so, sort on Spanish Title.
- Year — The year of the translation's first publication (except where * indicates "first production"). Some translations were written or produced earlier than this date, and some were republished subsequently, but this is not noted here.
- Publication — The publication in which the translation first appeared. When the publication consisted only of the single named play this information is not repeated, except in cases where the publication title is used as an external link to the work, or when it is matched with an ISBN.
- Notes — May indicate the style of translation or significant republications; "auto" indicates an auto sacramentale; all other works are comedias.
Table
Spanish Title | English Title | Year | Translator | Publication | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Peor está que estaba | Worse and Worse | 1664?* | Digby, George | not extant | blank verse (presumably); performed at the Duke's Theatre between 1662 and 1665[15] |
Mejor está que estaba | 'Tis Better than It Was | 1664?* | Digby, George | not extant | blank verse (presumably); performed at the Duke's Theatre July 1664[15] |
No siempre lo peor es cierto | Elvira: or, The Worst is Not Always True | 1667 | Digby, George | Elvira: or, The worst not always true at the HathiTrust Digital Library, downloadable at Google Books | blank verse; first performed at Lincoln's Inn Fields November 1664;[15] reprinted in Robert Dodsley's Select Collection of Old Plays Vol 12 at the Internet Archive |
La Dama Duende | Woman is a Riddle | 1718 | Bullock, Christopher (& others?) | Woman is a Riddle at the Internet Archive | prose |
El escondido y la tapada | 'Tis Well It's No Worse | 1770 | Bickerstaffe, Isaac | 'Tis Well It's No Worse at the Internet Archive | prose |
Peor está que estaba | From Bad to Worse | 1805 | Holcroft, Fanny | The Theatrical Recorder Vol 1. No. 4 (1805) at Google Books | prose; the two comedias translated by Holcroft, by chance or by design, correspond to Digby's two lost texts |
Mejor está que estaba | Fortune Mends | 1805 | Holcroft, Fanny | The Theatrical Recorder Vol. 2 No. 8 (1805) | prose; the two comedias translated by Holcroft, by chance or by design, correspond to Digby's two lost texts |
La Dama Duende | The Fairy Lady | 1807 | Holland, Lord (anonymously) | Three Comedies Translated from the Spanish at the Internet Archive | prose |
Nadie fie su secreto | Keep Your Own Secret | 1807 | Holland, Lord (anonymously) | Three Comedies Translated from the Spanish at the Internet Archive | prose |
El Magico Prodigioso | The Wonder-Working Magician (scenes) | 1824 | Shelley, Percy Bysshe | Posthumous Poems at the Internet Archive | blank verse; major fragments, comprising much of the main plot; reprinted in The Classic Theatre III: Six Spanish Plays, ed. Eric Bentley (1959) |
La Vida es Sueño | Life, a Dream | 1830 | Cowan, Malcolm (anonymously) | ||
La Vida es Sueño | Life is a Dream | 1842 | Oxenford, John | The Monthly Magazine (Vol XCVI, p. RA1-PA255, at Google Books: Nos DXLIX, DL, DLI) | blank verse |
El Magico Prodigioso | Justina | 1848 | "J. H." (Mac-Carthy, Denis Florence?) | Justina: a play at the Internet Archive | verse; retranslated as The Wonder-Working Magician in Calderon’s Dramas (1873) |
El pintor de su deshonra | The Painter of His Own Dishonor | 1853 | Fitzgerald, Edward | Six Dramas of Calderon | blank verse and prose, “freely adapted” ; reprinted in Eight Dramas of Calderon (1906) at the Internet Archive |
Nadie fie su secreto | Keep Your Own Secret | 1853 | Fitzgerald, Edward | Six Dramas of Calderon | blank verse and prose, “freely adapted” ; reprinted in Eight Dramas of Calderon (1906) at the Internet Archive |
Luis Pérez, el gallego | Gil Perez, the Gallician | 1853 | Fitzgerald, Edward | Six Dramas of Calderon | blank verse and prose, “freely adapted” ; reprinted in Eight Dramas of Calderon (1906) at the Internet Archive |
Las tres justicias en una | Three Judgements at a Blow | 1853 | Fitzgerald, Edward | Six Dramas of Calderon | blank verse and prose, “freely adapted” ; reprinted in Eight Dramas of Calderon (1906) at the Internet Archive |
El Alcalde de Zalamea | The Mayor of Zalamea | 1853 | Fitzgerald, Edward | Six Dramas of Calderon | blank verse and prose, “freely adapted” ; reprinted in Eight Dramas of Calderon (1906) at the Internet Archive |
Guárdate del agua mansa | Beware of Smooth Water | 1853 | Fitzgerald, Edward | Six Dramas of Calderon | blank verse and prose, “freely adapted” ; reprinted in Eight Dramas of Calderon (1906) at the Internet Archive |
El Principe Constant | The Constant Prince | 1853 | Mac-Carthy, Denis Florence | Dramas of Calderon, Tragic, Comic, and Legendary, Vol 1 at the Internet Archive | imitative verse; reprinted with revisions by Henry W. Wells in Calderon de la Barca: Six Plays (1961) |
El Secreto a Voces | The Secret in Words | 1853 | Mac-Carthy, Denis Florence | Dramas of Calderon, Tragic, Comic, and Legendary, Vol 1 at the Internet Archive | imitative verse |
El médico de su honra | The Physician of His Own Honour | 1853 | Mac-Carthy, Denis Florence | Dramas of Calderon, Tragic, Comic, and Legendary, Vol 1 at the Internet Archive | imitative verse |
Amar despues de la Muerte | Love After Death | 1853 | Mac-Carthy, Denis Florence | Dramas of Calderon, Tragic, Comic, and Legendary, Vol 2 at the Internet Archive | imitative verse; reprinted with revisions by Henry W. Wells in Calderon de la Barca: Six Plays (1961) |
El Purgatorio de San Patricio | The Purgatory of St. Patrick | 1853 | Mac-Carthy, Denis Florence | Dramas of Calderon, Tragic, Comic, and Legendary, Vol 2 at the Internet Archive | imitative verse; revised version published in Calderon’s Dramas (1873) |
La Banda y la Flor | The Scarf and the Flower | 1853 | Mac-Carthy, Denis Florence | Dramas of Calderon, Tragic, Comic, and Legendary, Vol 2 at the Internet Archive | imitative verse |
La Vida es Sueño | Life's a Dream (passages) | 1856 | Trench, Richard Chenevix | Life's a Dream; The Great Theatre of the World at the Internet Archive | not a complete translation, but many significant passages with commentary interspersed |
El gran teatro del mundo | The Great Theatre of the World (passages) | 1856 | Trench, Richard Chenevix | Life's a Dream; The Great Theatre of the World at the Internet Archive | auto; not a complete translation, but many significant passages with commentary interspersed |
Los Encantos de la Culpa | The Sorceries of Sin | 1859 | Mac-Carthy, Denis Florence | The Atlantis: a Register of Literature and Science Vol II at the Internet Archive pp 277-323 | auto; imitative verse; bilingual edition; reprinted in Love the Greatest Enchantment, The Sorceries of Sin, The Devotion of the Cross. From the Spanish of Calderon (1861) at the Internet Archive |
El Mayor Encanto Amor | Love the Greatest Enchantment | 1861 | Mac-Carthy, Denis Florence | Love the Greatest Enchantment, The Sorceries of Sin, The Devotion of the Cross. From the Spanish of Calderon at the Internet Archive | imitative verse; bilingual edition |
La Devoción de la Cruz | The Devotion of the Cross | 1861 | Mac-Carthy, Denis Florence | Love the Greatest Enchantment, The Sorceries of Sin, The Devotion of the Cross. From the Spanish of Calderon at the Internet Archive | imitative verse; bilingual edition; reprinted with revisions by Henry W. Wells in Calderon de la Barca: Six Plays (1961) |
El Magico Prodigioso | The Mighty Magician | 1865 | Fitzgerald, Edward | The Mighty Magician; Such Stuff as Dreams are Made Of | blank verse and prose, “freely adapted”; reprinted in Eight Dramas of Calderon (1906) at the Internet Archive |
La Vida es Sueño | Such Stuff as Dreams are Made Of | 1865 | Fitzgerald, Edward | The Mighty Magician; Such Stuff as Dreams are Made Of | blank verse and prose, “freely adapted”; reprinted in Eight Dramas of Calderon (1906) at the Internet Archive |
La cena del rey Baltazar | Belshazzar’s Feast | 1867 | Mac-Carthy, Denis Florence | Mysteries of Corpus Christi at the Internet Archive | auto; imitative verse; reprinted with revisions by Henry W. Wells in Calderon de la Barca: Six Plays (1961) |
La Divina Filotéa | The Divine Philothea | 1867 | Mac-Carthy, Denis Florence | Mysteries of Corpus Christi at the Internet Archive | auto; imitative verse |
El Veneno y la Triaca | The Poison and the Antidote (first scene only) | 1867 | Mac-Carthy, Denis Florence | Mysteries of Corpus Christi at the Internet Archive | auto; imitative verse |
Los dos amantes del cielo: Crisanto y Daria | The Two Lovers of Heaven: Chysanthus and Daria | 1869 | Mac-Carthy, Denis Florence | The Atlantis: a Register of Literature and Science Vol V at the Internet Archive Article II, pp 13-68 | imitative verse; reprinted in The Two Lovers of Heaven: Chysanthus and Daria. A drama of early Christian Rome (1870) at the Internet Archive |
La Vida es Sueño | Life Is a Dream | 1873 | Mac-Carthy, Denis Florence | Calderon’s Dramas at the Internet Archive | imitative verse; reprinted with revisions by Henry W. Wells in Calderon de la Barca: Six Plays (1961) |
El Magico Prodigioso | The Wonder-Working Magician | 1873 | Mac-Carthy, Denis Florence | Calderon’s Dramas at the Internet Archive | imitative verse; reprinted with revisions by Henry W. Wells in Calderon de la Barca: Six Plays (1961) |
El Purgatorio de San Patricio | The Purgatory of St. Patrick (revised) | 1873 | Mac-Carthy, Denis Florence | Calderon’s Dramas at the Internet Archive | imitative verse |
El Alcalde de Zalamea | Nobility; or The Alcalde of Zalamea | 1885 | Pierra, Adolfo | ||
El gran príncipe de Fez | The Prince of Fez | 1905 | Kaenders, Peter | The prince of Fez; a drama in three acts, adapted from Don Calderon de la Barca | |
La Vida es Sueño | Life’s a Dream | 1925 | Birch, Frank & J. B. Trend | stage version, prose and verse | |
La cena del rey Baltazar | The Feast of Belshazzar | 1934 | Jones, Willis Knapp | Spanish one act plays in English : a comprehensive anthology of Spanish drama from the 12th century to the present | auto |
El desafío de Juan Rana | Juan Rana's Duel | 1934 | Jones, Willis Knapp | Spanish one act plays in English : a comprehensive anthology of Spanish drama from the 12th century to the present | |
El gran teatro del mundo | The Great World-Theatre | 1955 | Sipman, Francis E. | auto | |
El gran teatro del mundo | The Great Theatre of the World | 1957 | Graves, John Clarus | The Great Theatre of the World; based on a theme from Calderon | auto |
El gran teatro del mundo | The Great Theatre of the World | 1957 | Singleton, Mack Hendricks | Masterpieces of the Spanish Golden Age, ed. Angel Flores | auto |
La Vida es Sueño | Life is a Dream | 1958 | Colford, William E | ||
El gran teatro del mundo | The Great Theatre of the World | 1958 | Graves, Clarus J. & Cuthbert G. Soukup | The Great Theatre of the World: [A Morality Play] Based on a Theme from Calderón | auto |
Amar despues de la Muerte | Love After Death | 1959 | Campbell, Roy | The Classic Theatre III: Six Spanish Plays, ed. Eric Bentley | blank verse |
La Vida es Sueño | Life is a Dream | 1959 | Campbell, Roy | The Classic Theatre III: Six Spanish Plays, ed. Eric Bentley | blank verse; reprinted in Life Is A Dream and Other Spanish Classics, ed. Eric Bentley (1985) |
El Alcalde de Zalamea | The Mayor of Zalamea | 1959 | Colford, William E | ||
El médico de su honra | The Surgeon of His Honour | 1960 | Campbell, Roy | blank verse; acting edition | |
A Secreto Agravio, Secreta Venganza | Secret Vengeance for Secret Insult | 1961 | Honig, Edwin | Calderon: Four Plays | loose syllabic verse; reprinted in Calderón de la Barca: Six Plays (1993) ISBN 1-882763-05-X |
La Devoción de la Cruz | Devotion to the Cross | 1961 | Honig, Edwin | Calderon: Four Plays | loose syllabic verse; reprinted in Calderón de la Barca: Six Plays (1993) ISBN 1-882763-05-X |
El Alcalde de Zalamea | The Mayor of Zalamea | 1961 | Honig, Edwin | Calderon: Four Plays | loose syllabic verse; reprinted in Calderón de la Barca: Six Plays (1993) ISBN 1-882763-05-X |
La Dama Duende | The Phantom Lady | 1961 | Honig, Edwin | Calderon: Four Plays | loose syllabic verse; reprinted in Calderón de la Barca: Six Plays (1993) ISBN 1-882763-05-X |
La Vida es Sueño | Life Is a Dream | 1962 | Huberman, Edward & Elizabeth | Spanish Drama, ed. Angel Flores | prose; reprinted as Great Spanish Plays in English Translation (1991) ISBN 0-486-26898-5 |
La Vida es Sueño | Life is a Dream | 1963 | Alpern, Hymen | Three Classic Spanish Plays | |
El gran teatro del mundo | The Great Stage of the World | 1964 | Brandt, George W. | The Great Stage of the World: An Allegorical Auto Sacramental in Three Acts/Gran teatro del mundo | auto |
El Alcalde de Zalamea | The Mayor of Zalamea | 1964 | Starkie, Walter | Eight Spanish Plays of the Golden Age | prose, with passages of blank verse |
La Vida es Sueño | Life is a Dream | 1968 | Raine, Kathleen & R. M. Nadal | Life is a Dream ISBN 978-0241015490 | verse |
La cena del rey Baltazar | King Belshazzar's Feast | 1969 | Barnes, R. G. | Three Spanish Sacramental Plays ISBN 978-0951440308 | auto |
La Vida es Sueño | Life is a Dream | 1970 | Honig, Edwin | Life is a Dream ISBN 0-8090-6556-8 | loose syllabic verse; reprinted in Calderón de la Barca: Six Plays (1993) ISBN 1-882763-05-X |
El astrólogo fingido | The Fake Astrologer | 1976 | Oppenheimer, Max, Jr. | The Fake Astrologer ISBN 978-0820421667 | reprinted in Pedro Calderón de la Barca's The Fake Astrologer: A Critical Spanish Text and English Translation (1994) |
Peor está que estaba | From Bad to Worse | 1980 | Muir, Kenneth | Four Comedies by Pedro Calderón de la Barca ISBN 0-8131-1409-8 | blank verse and prose |
El secreto a voces | The Secret Spoken Aloud | 1980 | Muir, Kenneth | Four Comedies by Pedro Calderón de la Barca ISBN 0-8131-1409-8 | blank verse and prose |
No siempre lo peor es cierto | The Worst is not Always Certain | 1980 | Muir, Kenneth | Four Comedies by Pedro Calderón de la Barca ISBN 0-8131-1409-8 | blank verse and prose |
Dicha y desdicha del nombre | The Advantages and Disadvantages of a Name | 1980 | Muir, Kenneth | Four Comedies by Pedro Calderón de la Barca ISBN 0-8131-1409-8 | blank verse and prose |
El Magico Prodigioso | The Prodigious Magician | 1982 | Wardropper, Bruce W. | The Prodigious Magician ISBN 978-8473171113 | prose; bilingual edition |
Guárdate del agua mansa | Beware of Still Waters | 1984 | Gitlitz, David M. | Beware of Still Waters ISBN 978-0939980048 | bilingual edition |
Casa con dos puertas mala es de guardar | A House With Two Doors Is Difficult to Guard | 1985 | Muir, Kenneth & Ann L. Mackenzie | Calderón: Three Comedies ISBN 0-8131-1546-9 | blank verse and prose |
Mañanas de abril y mayo | Mornings of April and May | 1985 | Muir, Kenneth & Ann L. Mackenzie | Calderón: Three Comedies ISBN 0-8131-1546-9 | blank verse and prose |
No hay burlas con el amor | No Trifling With Love | 1985 | Muir, Kenneth & Ann L. Mackenzie | Calderón: Three Comedies ISBN 0-8131-1546-9 | blank verse and prose |
No hay burlas con el amor | Love is no laughing matter | 1986 | Cruickshank, Don & Sean Page | Love is no laughing matter ISBN 978-0856683664 | |
El pintor de su deshonra | The Painter of His Dishonour | 1989 | Paterson, A. K. G. | The Painter of His Dishonour ISBN 978-0856683466 | |
El Alcalde de Zalamea | The Mayor of Zalamea | 1990 | Mitchell, Adrian | Three Plays ISBN 978-0948230264 | verse, from literal translations by Gwenda Pandolfi |
El gran teatro del mundo | The Great Theatre of the World | 1990 | Mitchell, Adrian | Three Plays ISBN 978-0948230264 | auto; verse, from literal translations by Gwenda Pandolfi |
La Vida es Sueño | Life’s a Dream | 1990 | Mitchell, Adrian & John Barton | Three Plays ISBN 978-0948230264 | verse, from literal translations by Gwenda Pandolfi |
La cisma de Inglaterra | The Schism in England | 1990 | Muir, Kenneth & Ann L. Mackenzie | The Schism in England ISBN 0-85668-331-0 | blank verse; bilingual edition |
El médico de su honra | The Surgeon of Honour | 1991 | Edwards, Gwynne | Calderón: Plays: One ISBN 978-0413634603 | |
La Vida es Sueño | Life is a dream | 1991 | Edwards, Gwynne | Calderón: Plays: One ISBN 978-0413634603 | |
Las tres justicias en una | Three Judgments in One | 1991 | Edwards, Gwynne | Calderón: Plays: One ISBN 978-0413634603 | |
El pintor de su deshonra | The Painter of His Own Dishonor | 1991 | Paterson, A. K. G. | The Painter of His Own Dishonor ISBN 9780856683473 | bilingual edition |
Los Cabellos de Absalón | The Crown of Absalom | 1993 | Honig, Edwin | Calderón de la Barca: Six Plays ISBN 1-882763-05-X | loose syllabic verse |
El pintor de su deshonra | The Painter of Dishonour | 1995 | Johnston, David & Laurence Boswell | The Painter of Dishonour ISBN 978-0948230882 | |
El médico de su honra | The Physician of His Honour | 1997 | Hindley, Donald | The Physician of His Honour ISBN 9780856687778 | bilingual edition; revised translation published in 2007 |
La Vida es Sueño | Life is a Dream | 1998 | Clifford, John | ||
Sueños hay que verdad son | Sometimes Dreams Come True | 1998 | McGaha, Michael | The Story of Joseph in Spanish Golden Age Drama ISBN 978-0838753804 | auto |
La vida es sueño | Life Is a Dream | 2002 | Applebaum, Stanley | Life Is a Dream ISBN 978-0486421247 | |
La Dama Duende | The Phantom Lady | 2002 | Beecher, Donald & Novoa, James Nelson | The Phantom Lady at the Internet Archive, ISBN 978-1895537680 | prose |
La Vida es Sueño | Life's a Dream | 2004 | Kidd, Michael | Life's a Dream ISBN 9780856688966 | |
La Vida es Sueño | Life is a Dream | 2006 | Racz, Gregary J. | Life is a Dream ISBN 978-0-14-310482-7 | imitative verse; reprinted in The Golden Age of Spanish Drama (2018) ISBN 978-0393923629 |
La Vida es Sueño | Life's a Dream | 2008 | Davis, Rick | Calderón De La Barca, Four Great Plays of the Golden Age ISBN 978-1575255965 | |
La Dama Duende | The Phantom Lady | 2008 | Davis, Rick | Calderón De La Barca, Four Great Plays of the Golden Age ISBN 978-1575255965 | |
El Príncipe Constante | The Constant Prince | 2008 | Davis, Rick | Calderón De La Barca, Four Great Plays of the Golden Age ISBN 978-1575255965 | |
El gran teatro del mundo | The Great Theatre of the World | 2008 | Davis, Rick | Calderón De La Barca, Four Great Plays of the Golden Age ISBN 978-1575255965 | auto |
La vida es sueño | Life Is a Dream | 2009 | Cruz, Nilo | Life is a Dream ISBN 978-0822222347 | acting edition |
La Vida es Sueño | Life is a Dream | 2010 | Edmundson, Helen | Life is a Dream ISBN 978-1848420601 | |
No hay burlas con el amor | The Phoenix of Madrid | 2012 | Boswell, Laurence | The Phoenix of Madrid ISBN 978-1849431347 | |
El mayor monstruo los celos | Jealousy the Greatest Monster | 2014 | Muir, Kenneth & Ann L. Mackenzie & José María Ruano de la Haza | Jealousy the Greatest Monster ISBN 9780856683695 | bilingual edition |
Notes
- Racz 2006, p i.
- Racz 2006, p viii.
- Racz 2006, p xxv.
- Riera 2009, p 44.
- Based on Los Empenos de seis horas, at the time often wrongly ascribed to Calderón.
- Fitzgerald 1906, pp 1-2.
- Mac-Carthy 1873, pp vii-viii.
- For example, Eric Bentley criticizes Mac-Carthy's "(luckily) inimitable Hispano-English" saying "[i]n trying to reproduce the sound of the Spanish, he effectively prevented himself from writing English", but equally that Fitzgerald "went to the other extreme of excessive freedom." (Bentley 1959, pp 458, vii)
- Riera 2009, pp 73-74.
- Holland 1981, p 3.
- Holland 1981, p 117.
- In fact, John Vanbrugh's The False Friend is based on Francisco de Rojas Zorrilla's La traición busca el castigo.
- Bickerstaff 1770, p. vi.
- Payne 1940, p 3.
- Riera 2009, pp 76-77.
References
- Bentley, Eric, ed. (1959), The Classic Theatre Volume III: Six Spanish Plays, Garden City, NY: Anchor Books
- Bickerstaff, Isaac (1770), 'Tis Well It's No Worse: A Comedy, London: W. Griffin
- Holland, Peter, ed. (1981), The Plays of William Wycherley, Plays by Renaissance and Restoration Dramatists, Cambridge: University Press
- Pane, Remigio Ugo (1944), English translations from the Spanish, 1484-1943, New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press
- Payne, John Howard (1940), Hislop, Codman; Richardson, W. R. (eds.), The Last Duel in Spain & Other Plays, America’s Lost Plays, VI, Princeton: Princeton University Press
- Racz, Gregary (2006), Pedro Calderón de la Barca: Life is a Dream, Penguin, ISBN 978-0-14-310482-7
- Riera, Jorge Braga (2009), Classical Spanish Drama in Restoration English (1660-1700), Benjamins Translation Library, 85, Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, ISBN 978-90-272-8905-6
External links
- Online bibliography
- Additional translated texts available online