Link domain
A Link domain or Link module, also known as Xlink domain (X for extracellular), is a protein domain that binds to hyaluronic acid.[1] It is important in blood cell migration and apoptosis.[2] The link domain is found in some extracellular proteins in vertebrates such as the hyalectans.[3] It appears to be involved in extracellular matrix assembly and stability, cell adhesion, and migration.[3][4]
| Link domain | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Structure of the hyaluronan-binding domain of human CD44 | |||||||||
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| Symbol | LINK | ||||||||
| Pfam | PF00193 | ||||||||
| Pfam clan | CL0056 | ||||||||
| InterPro | IPR000538 | ||||||||
| SMART | SM00445 | ||||||||
| PROSITE | PDOC00955 | ||||||||
| SCOP2 | 1o7b / SCOPe / SUPFAM | ||||||||
| CDD | cd01102 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
Structure
The structure has been shown to consist of two alpha helices and two antiparallel beta sheets arranged around a large hydrophobic core similar to that of C-type lectin.[5] This domain contains four conserved cysteines involved in two disulphide bonds. The link domain has also been termed HABM (hyaluronic acid binding module)[4] and PTR (proteoglycan tandem repeat).[6]
Link domain proteins
Proteins which contain the link domain include:
- the hyalectans (a family of proteoglycans): aggrecan, brevican, neurocan and versican, which are expressed in the CNS;
- the cartilage link protein (LP), a proteoglycan that together with HA and aggrecan forms multimolecular aggregates;
- Tumour necrosis factor-inducible protein 6 (TSG-6), which may be involved in cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions during inflammation and tumourigenesis;
- CD44 antigen, the main cell surface receptor for HA.
See also
References
- "Link domain signature and profile". PROSITE. December 2004. Retrieved 30 September 2016.
- Yoneda M, Nakamura T, Murai M, Wada H (2010). "Evidence for the heparin-binding ability of the ascidian Xlink domain and insight into the evolution of the Xlink domain in chordates". J Mol Evol. 71 (1): 51–9. Bibcode:2010JMolE..71...51Y. doi:10.1007/s00239-010-9363-x. PMID 20582409. S2CID 10614265.
- Hynes, RO; Naba, A (21 September 2011). "Overview of the Matrisome--An Inventory of Extracellular Matrix Constituents and Functions". Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology. 4 (1): a004903. doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a004903. PMC 3249625. PMID 21937732.
- Barta E, Deák F, Kiss I (June 1993). "Evolution of the hyaluronan-binding module of link protein". Biochem. J. 292 (3): 947–9. doi:10.1042/bj2920947. PMC 1134205. PMID 8318021.
- Kohda D, Morton CJ, Parkar AA, Hatanaka H, Inagaki FM, Campbell ID, Day AJ (September 1996). "Solution structure of the link module: a hyaluronan-binding domain involved in extracellular matrix stability and cell migration". Cell. 86 (5): 767–75. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80151-8. PMID 8797823. S2CID 16347386.
- Brissett NC, Perkins SJ (June 1996). "The protein fold of the hyaluronate-binding proteoglycan tandem repeat domain of link protein, aggrecan and CD44 is similar to that of the C-type lectin superfamily". FEBS Lett. 388 (2–3): 211–6. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(96)00576-5. PMID 8690089. S2CID 24295651.