Levensau High Bridge

The Levensau High Bridge (German: Levensauer Straßen- und Eisenbahnhochbrücke; short: Levensauer Hochbrücke) is a high level arch bridge that spans the Kiel Canal in the German state of Schleswig-Holstein. A second bridge nearby, opened 1984, is referred to as Levensau Motorway Bridge (German: Levensauer Schnellstraßenbrücke).

Levensau High Bridge

Levensauer Hochbrücke
Levensau High Bridge
Coordinates54°22′4″N 10°4′33″E
CarriesKiel-Flensburg Railway, local road
CrossesKiel Canal
Characteristics
DesignArc bridge
MaterialSteel
Total length180 metres (590 ft)
Longest span163 metres (535 ft)
Piers in waterNone
Clearance above42 metres (138 ft)
History
Construction start1894
Construction end1895
Location
Levensau Motorway Bridge

Levensauer Schnellstraßenbrücke
Coordinates54°22′6″N 10°4′38″E
CarriesBundesstraße 76
CrossesKiel Canal
History
Construction end1984
Location

Previous history

The lower section of the small river Levensau was extended between 1777 and 1784 to become part of the Eider Canal. Between 1887 and 1895 the Eider Canal was further extended and straightened to become part of the Kiel Canal (then Kaiser-Wilhelm-Kanal). The extended canal necessitated a fixed link for the Kiel–Flensburg railway as well as the principal road from Kiel to Eckernförde.[1]

Design and construction

Construction of the bridge took 1½ years. Work on the abutments was started in June 1893 and bricklaying lasted until end of that year. On top of the abutments the bridge featured four towers by architect Hermann Muthesius. The scaffolding that supported the steel elements during construction was erected from November 1893 and assembly of the steel construction started in May 1894. The bridge was inaugurated by Emperor Wilhelm II in December 1894.[1] Originally the carriageway was designed in such a way that it could not be used by road and rail traffic simultaneously - if a train approached, the bridge was closed for cars and lorries. In the course of a first modification a barrier between road and railway was installed, however this limited the width of the road to 4.5 metres (15 ft) so that lorries were unable to pass each other on the bridge. Furthermore, the pedestrian way was only 90 centimetres (35 in) wide.[1] In 1954, the bridge was extensively reworked to allow for independent use by road, rail and pedestrians. The towers were torn down and the carriageway was enlarged.[1]

Replacement

In 1984 a four lane road bridge was opened for road traffic, taking over the role as main canal crossing for the Kiel–Schleswig road (route 76).

The current bridge is still used for the railway and local road traffic including bicycles. Its span is too narrow for the canal expansion to a width of 162 metres (531 ft). In 2009 the cost estimate for the replacement stood at 42 million Euros.

Bat habitat

About 5,000 common noctule and several other bat species hibernate inside the abutments. The population was examined by scientists of the Kiel University and is considered the largest in Northern Europe.

Contemporary pictures

  • The bridge from the west, 2005
  • Detail of the bridge, 2011

Historic pictures
Being a landmark on the Kiel canal, the bridge was a popular background for pictures of ships transiting the canal.

References
  1. "Alte Levensauer Hochbrücke" [The old Levensau High Bridge]. www.wsa-kiel.wsv.de (in German). Federal Water and Shipping Administration. Archived from the original on 27 April 2012. Retrieved 13 May 2012.
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