Kuk Sool Won

	Kuk Sool Won
Hangul	국술원
Hanja	國術院
Revised Romanization	Guk Sul Won
McCune–Reischauer	Kuk Sul Wǒn

Kuk Sool Won
	Kuk Sool Won students practice technique outdoors.
Focus	Hybrid
Country of origin	South Korea
Creator	Suh In-Hyuk
Official website	http://www.kuksoolwon.com

Kuk Sool Won (Korean: 국술원; Hanja: 國術院) is a type of Korean martial arts. It was founded in 1958 by Suh In-Hyuk (서인혁), who also carries the formal titles of, Kuk Sa Nim (i.e. "national teacher") and Grandmaster.[1]

This Korean martial art is known for its comprehensive collection of combat techniques, in particular, it teaches an extensive set of offensive and defensive moves designed to take advantage of the human body's many pressure points.[2]

Kuk Sool Won is practised in various countries, with its biggest bases other than the ROK and the USA being Western Europe (Germany, France, Italy and Spain) and Iran. However there is a strong following in South America as well.

History

Suh In-Hyuk and foundations of Kuk Sool Won

As a youth, Suh In-Hyuk was trained by his grandfather, Suh Myung-Deuk, a supposed master-instructor to the Korean Royal Court, as well as following a family tradition of martial arts that stretched back sixteen generations. After the death of his grandfather during the Korean War, Suh In-Hyuk travelled throughout the Far East visiting various Buddhist monasteries and other esteemed martial arts masters, as research for developing his own system. He even had his younger brother, Seo In-Sun, take lessons from the founder of Hapkido, Choi Yong-sool, since there was a significant discount offered to younger students and Seo In-Sun would later show what he was taught to his 2 older brothers, Seo In-Suk & Suh In-Hyuk.[3] A barebones curriculum for the system was developed in 1958 and later, the Kuk Sool Won was founded in 1961 (the initial syllabus continuing to be fleshed out and modified as the years went by). Suh fled South Korea in 1974 due to political troubles and decided to introduce his system to the United States in 1975.[4]

Spread

In 1991, Kuk Sool Won was selected as an extra curricular activity for the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, and in 1992, Grandmaster In Hyuk Suh was presented with the Commander's Sword at West Point.[5][6][7]

In the Netherlands, Kuk Sool won is practiced in six schools. The main instructor in the Netherlands is Robbin Baly (5th dan), who teaches a group of approximately 200 students in Amsterdam and elsewhere.[8]

Kuk Sool Won was imported to Iran in 1980 by Engineer Dariush Ghaffari, who lived in United States prior. He first started teaching the art at the "Tehran Fire Club".[9]

Technique

Kuk Sool Won relies on a historical perspective of traditional Korean martial arts when outlining its contents, which breaks things down into three main branches:

Tribal martial arts (사도무술; Sado Mu Sool)
Buddhist Temple martial arts (불교무술; Bulgyo Mu Sool)
Royal Court martial arts (궁중무술; Koong Joong Mu Sool).[10]

Techniques from these three segments were carefully selected and organized into a cohesive curriculum in order to form the basis of Kuk Sool Won.[11] This martial arts knowledge was said to be passed down to Grandmaster In-Hyuk Suh by his grandfather, Myung-duk Suh, who began teaching him at the tender age of five.[12] But a more simplistic way to describe the contents of Kuk Sool Won would be to acknowledge that it is a successful combination or conglomeration of Hapkido (a derivative of Daitō-ryū Aiki-jūjutsu), Kung Fu (particularly Mantis style, although whether from the Southern or Northern variety isn't clear), and certain indigenous Korean martial arts (such as Taekkyeon). Note that combining disparate martial skills often yields inconsistencies that are difficult to overcome, yet this is not the case for the resulting foundation of elements found in the art of Kuk Sool.

Kuk Sool Won is a systematic study of all of the conventional fighting arts, which together comprise the martial arts history of Korea. As a martial arts system, Kuk Sool Won is extremely well-organized and seeks to integrate and explore the entire spectrum of established Asian fighting arts, along with body conditioning, mental development, and traditional weapons training. The following list represents a short summary regarding the most common elements found in the system:

hand strikes and blocking / parrying
kicks and leg sweeps
body throws and grappling
joint-locking techniques
safe falling (i.e. break-falls) and acrobatics
various types of body conditioning
animal style techniques
traditional Korean weaponry
martial arts healing methods
meditation and specialty breathing techniques [13]

It is a form of self-defense which includes strikes, kicks, grappling, joint locks, as well as traditional weapons training and healing techniques.

In Kuk Sool Won there are four basic sword forms that are taught (each with its own underlying set of principles, or gum bup 검법):[14]

jung gum hyung - straight [grip] sword form - 정검형
yuk gum hyung - inverted [grip] sword form - 역검형
ssang jang gum hyung - twin long sword form - 쌍장검형
ssang dan gum hyung - twin short sword form - 쌍단검형

{Note: both long & short twin sword forms include techniques where the weapons are held in either the straight or inverted fashion}

Attire

Kuk Sool Won practitioners don typical martial art uniforms or dobok (도복) for training. Although white being a common colour for the dobok in other styles, supposedly representing "purity," all the uniforms in Kuk Sool Won are black in colour, which according to Korean culture is used to represent wisdom (note: white is also well known to be the colour for mourning).[15] For special occasions, there is a dress uniform for Black Belt ranks only, which was patterned after the armor worn by ancient Korean generals. In the following section, the table mentions a Wang Sa dobok, which is only worn by the grandmaster of Kuk Sool Won™ (wang sa translates as "king's teacher" which explains why the royal colours of gold & purple are utilised). Also in the table where colours are mentioned for the General's Uniform, the first colour refers to the trim on the collar & lapel, cuffs, and tails, of the uniform, while the second colour refers to that of the ascot (also mentioned is the type of emblem displayed on the ascot – ascots for all Master ranks sport the KSW–logo).

Ranking system


Title	Meaning / Rank / Colour Scheme
Kuk Sa Nim 국사 \ 님	Grandmaster (10th degree Black Belt) - wangsa dobok
Su Suhk Kwang Jang Nim 수석관장 \ 님	Senior Executive Master (9th degree Black Belt) - gold / gold
Suhn Im Kwang Jahng Nim 선임관장 \ 님	Executive Master (8th degree Black Belt) - red & gold / gold
Ji Do Kwang Jahng Nim 지도관장 \ 님	Senior Master (7th degree Black Belt) - red & gold / red
Joo Im Kwang Jahng Nim 주임관장 \ 님	Head Master (6th degree Black Belt) - red / red
Pyung Kwan Jahng Nim 평관장 \ 님	Master (5th degree Black Belt) - red / white
Sa Bum Nim 사범 \ 님	Instructor (4th degree Black Belt) - red & silver / white (KSW–logo)
Pu Sa Bum Nim 부사범 \ 님	Deputy Instructor (3rd degree Black Belt) - silver / white (KSW–logo)
Kyo Sa Nim 교사 \ 님	Assistant Instructor (2nd degree Black Belt) - silver / white (ROK flag)
Jo Kyo Nim 조교 \ 님	Instructor-in-Training (1st degree Black Belt) - silver / white (ROK flag)
Dahn Boh Nim 단보 \ 님	Black-Brown Belt -or- { Black Belt Candidate }
Ja Ddi 자띠	Brown Belt
Hohng Ddi 홍띠	Red Belt
Chuhng Ddi 청띠	Blue Belt
Noh Rahng Ddi 노랑띠	Yellow Belt
Huin Ddi 흰띠	White Belt

[16]

References

Hill, Robert (2010). World of Martial Arts !. Lulu Enterprises Incorporated. pp. 65–69. ISBN 978-0-557-01663-1. Retrieved 29 June 2020.
"Pressure Points Video From the April/May 2015 Black Belt Cover Story on Kuk Sool Won". blackbeltmag.com. Active Interest Media, Inc. 15 April 2015. Retrieved 29 June 2020.
Kuk Sool Won™ Official Website, kuksoolwon.com
Black Belt Magazine - 2015
"Founder of Kuk Sool Won". Retrieved 15 February 2020.
Hallander, Jane (March 1993). "Martial Arts Training at West Point: Kuk Sool Gives Army Cadets Realistic Combat Techniques". Black Belt. Valencia: Active Interest Media, Inc. Retrieved 15 February 2020.
Kuk Sool Won at West Point, NY. 24 September 2011. Retrieved 29 June 2020.
https://web.archive.org/web/20091213151935/http://www.kuksool.nl/home/page4.html
Tavakol Shaar, Hamidreza, Martial Arts and Its Great Founders, Tehran: Mehr Publications, 2015, p. 110.
Suh, In Hyuk (1993). Kuk Sool Won Traditional Korean Martial Art Textbook Volume 1. Magnolia, Texas: World Kuk Sool Association. p. 14.
Viljoen, Andries (12 April 2018). "국술원 Kuk Sool Won: A Comprehensive Martial Arts System". Medium. Retrieved 11 September 2019.
"Founder Of Kuk Sool Won". Martial Arts Bexhill. Retrieved 11 September 2019.
"A Comprehensive Martial Arts System". Kuk Sool Won. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
Hallander, Jane (November 1983). Black Belt Magazine. Active Interest Media, Inc. pp. 21–26. Retrieved 29 June 2020.
"General - Hanyang University". www.hanyang.ac.kr. Retrieved 15 October 2019.
"Korean Terminology". Kuk Sool Won NY. 5 September 2011. Retrieved 11 September 2019.