Khwaja Habibullah

Nawab Khwaja Habibullah Bahadur (26 April 1895 – 21 November 1958)[1] was the fifth Nawab of Dhaka. He was the son of his more prominent father, Nawab Sir Khwaja Salimullah Bahadur. Under his rule, the Dhaka Nawab Estate went into decline until its actual relinquishment in 1952 by the East Pakistan Estates Acquisition Act.

Nawab Khwaja Habibullah Nawab of Dhaka
Reign	1915–1952
Predecessor	Nawab Khwaja Salimullah
Successor	Khawja Hassan Askari
Born	26 April 1895 Ahsan Manzil, Dacca, Bengal Presidency, British India
Died	21 November 1958 (aged 63) Shahbag, Dhaka, East Pakistan
Burial	Begum Bazaar, Dhaka
House	Dhaka Nawab Family
Father	Nawab Khwaja Salimullah

Biography

Khwaja Habibullah was born on 26 April 1895 in Dhaka.[2] His father was Nawab Sir Khwaja Salimullah Bahadur of the Dhaka Nawab family. The Nawab family traced its ancestry to Kashmiri merchants who settled in Bengal for trade.[3] Habibullah went to school at St. Paul's School in Darjeeling, and later continued his education in England.[2] In 1915, at the death of his father, he succeeded as the Nawab of Dhaka.[2]

In 1918, he joined the Bengali Platoon of the British Indian Army. He served in the British mandate of Mesopotamia as an honorary lieutenant.[2] He served in Dhaka district board and Dhaka municipality board. He took part in the Khilafat Movement.[2] He was the representative of Dhaka in the Bengal legislative council from 1924 till 1932.[2]

Nawab Habibullah had supported the 1932 communal award proposal of the British Raj. In 1935 he was the president of the Bengal Muslim League and member of the executive of the All India Muslim league.[2] From 1937 to 1941 he was a minister in the cabinet of A K Fazlul Haq.[2] He joined the second cabinet of Haq against the wishes of the Muslim League for which he was suspended from the league till 1946. In 1946 he stood in the assembly election of Bengal as an independent candidate but suffered a heavy defeat at the hands of his relative, Khwaja Khairuddin who was on a Muslim League ticket.[2]

He presided over the committee that organized the Pakistan Independence Day celebrations in Dhaka, and, on 15 August 1947, raised the flag of Pakistan at Lalbagh Fort.[4] After the partition of India he held the position of vice-president in East Pakistan Muslim League.[2] During his reign as the Nawab of Dhaka, the estate continued the decline that had begun under his father.[5]

In his closing days he retired from politics because of health related reasons. He left the Ahsan Manzil Palace and resided in another of the royal residences, Green House, in Dhaka's Paribagh area. He died on 21 November 1958 and was buried alongside his father at the Nawab family graveyard in Begumbazar in Dhaka.[2]

References

1. Punekar, S. D.; Varickayil, Robert; Savur, Manorama; Dighe, Sunil; Ganesh, Kamala; Research, Indian Council of Historical. Labour Movement in India: 1937-1939. Indian Council of Historical Research. p. 1117. ISBN 9788173071065.
2. "Habibullah, Khwaja". Banglapedia. Retrieved 23 March 2016.
3. Hundred Years of Bangabhaban, 1905-2005. Press Wing Bangabhaban. 2006. p. 20. ISBN 978-984-32-1583-3. It was at this time that a recently settled Muslim trading family of the city of Dhaka, originally from Kashmir, gave up trade and invested their wealth in buying land from the auctions. The founder of this Kashmiri Muslim family in Dhaka was Khwaja Alimullah.
4. Kudaisya, Gyanesh; Tan, Tai Yong (2005) [First published 2000]. The Aftermath of Partition in South Asia. Routledge. p. 61. ISBN 0-415-28908-4.
5. Alamgir, Md. (2005). A Short Note on Ahsan Manzil Museum and the Nawabs of Dhaka. Dhaka: Jhingephul. p. 18. Nawab Sir Salimullah could not properly take care or direct the Estate due to his heavy involvement with politics. The revenue income of the estate decreased and the Nawab ran into large debts ... During the time of Nawab Habibullah, the Nawab Estate fell into very miserable conditions because of mismanagement.